Response of Phytotoxicity on Rice Varieties to HPPD-inhibiting Herbicides in Paddy Rice Fields

Abstract Resistance to penoxsulam among barnyardgrass populations is prevalent in rice fields in China. Seeds of penoxsulam-resistant (AXXZ-2) and -susceptible (JLGY-3) barnyardgrass populations, as well as the seeds of two rice varieties including Wuyungeng32 (WY) and Liangyou669 (LY) were planted in plastic pots and then treated with a rate titration of acetochlor, anilofos, butachlor, clomazone, oxadiazon, pendimethalin, pretilachlor, pyraclonil, or thiobencarb. The two barnyardgrass populations exhibited similar susceptibility to acetochlor, anilofos, butachlor, oxadiazon, pretilachlor, or pyraclonil. However, the susceptibility differed between the barnyardgrass populations in response to clomazone, pendimethalin, and thiobencarb. For AXXZ-2, herbicide rates that caused 50% reduction in shoot biomass from the nontreated control (GR50) were 179, >800, and 1798 g ha-1 for clomazone, pendimethalin, and thiobencarb, respectively; while JLGY-3 GR50 values were 61, 166, and 552 g ha-1, respectively. Both rice varieties demonstrated excellent tolerance to acetochlor, butachlor, oxadiazon, pretilachlor, and thiobencarb. However, substantial rice damage was observed with anilofos and clomazone. Anilofos at 352 g ha-1 and clomazone at 448 g ha-1 reduced rice shoot biomass by 41 and 50% from the nontreated, respectively. Averaged across herbicide rates, clomazone reduced rice shoot biomass from the nontreated control by 52 and 34% for WY and LY, respectively; and pendimethalin reduced rice shoot biomass from the nontreated control by 25 and 9% for WY and LY, respectively.

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Cloud Cover throughout All the Paddy Rice Fields in Guangdong, China: Impacts on Sentinel 2 MSI and Landsat 8 OLI Optical Observations

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13152961 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 2961

Author(s):

Rui Jiang ◽

Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa ◽

Kati Laakso ◽

Yan Xu ◽

Zhiyan Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cloud Cover ◽

Southern China ◽

Vegetation Indices ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Optical Observations ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Satellite Sensors ◽

Sentinel 2

Cloud cover hinders the effective use of vegetation indices from optical satellite-acquired imagery in cloudy agricultural production areas, such as Guangdong, a subtropical province in southern China which supports two-season rice production. The number of cloud-free observations for the earth-orbiting optical satellite sensors must be determined to verify how much their observations are affected by clouds. This study determines the quantified wide-ranging impact of clouds on optical satellite observations by mapping the annual total observations (ATOs), annual cloud-free observations (ACFOs), monthly cloud-free observations (MCFOs) maps, and acquisition probability (AP) of ACFOs for the Sentinel 2 (2017–2019) and Landsat 8 (2014–2019) for all the paddy rice fields in Guangdong province (APRFG), China. The ATOs of Landsat 8 showed relatively stable observations compared to the Sentinel 2, and the per-field ACFOs of Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 were unevenly distributed. The MCFOs varied on a monthly basis, but in general, the MCFOs were greater between August and December than between January and July. Additionally, the AP of usable ACFOs with 52.1% (Landsat 8) and 47.7% (Sentinel 2) indicated that these two satellite sensors provided markedly restricted observation capability for rice in the study area. Our findings are particularly important and useful in the tropics and subtropics, and the analysis has described cloud cover frequency and pervasiveness throughout different portions of the rice growing season, providing insight into how rice monitoring activities by using Sentinel 2 and Landsat 8 imagery in Guangdong would be impacted by cloud cover.

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Application of a Self-Organizing Map of Isotopic and Chemical Data for the Identification of Groundwater Recharge Sources in Nasunogahara Alluvial Fan, Japan

Water ◽

10.3390/w12010278 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 278 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Takeo Tsuchihara ◽

Katsushi Shirahata ◽

Satoshi Ishida ◽

Shuhei Yoshimoto

Keyword(s):

Groundwater Recharge ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Alluvial Fan ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Isotopic Ratios ◽

Self Organizing Map ◽

Recharge Sources ◽

Different Origins ◽

Self Organizing

Paddy rice fields on an alluvial fan not only use groundwater for irrigation but also play an important role as groundwater recharge sources. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of isotopic and hydrochemical compositions of groundwater in the Nasunogahara alluvial fan in Japan and applied a self-organizing map (SOM) to characterize the groundwater. The SOM assisted with the hydrochemical and isotopic interpretation of the groundwater in the fan, and clearly classified the groundwater into four groups reflecting the different origins. Two groundwater groups with lower isotopic ratios of water than the mean precipitation values in the fan were influenced by the infiltration of river water flowing from higher areas in the catchments and were differentiated from each other by their Na+ and Cl− concentrations. A groundwater group with higher isotopic ratios was influenced by the infiltration of paddy irrigation water that had experienced evaporative isotopic enrichment. Groundwater in the fourth group, which was distributed in the upstream area of the fan where dairy farms dominated, showed little influence of recharge waters from paddy rice fields. The findings of this study will contribute to proper management of the groundwater resources in the fan.

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Spatial variability of soil available Zn and Cu in paddy rice fields of China

Environmental Geology ◽

10.1007/s00254-007-1107-x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 1569-1576 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Xingmei Liu ◽

Jianming Xu ◽

Minghua Zhang ◽

Bingcheng Si ◽

Keli Zhao

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Zn And Cu In

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Kepelbagaian Artropod dalam Tanaman Padi Tradisional di Batang Lupar, Sarawak

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v70.3535 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 70 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Mohd Fitri Masarudin ◽

Maisarah Mohamad Saad

Keyword(s):

Insect Pests ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Shannon Index ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Stages Of Growth ◽

Wiener Diversity Index ◽

Insect Predators ◽

Richness Index

The diversity of arthropod consists of pests and predators in rice fields were contribute to the biological control of crop pests at different stages of growth. The rice fields in Batang Lupar, Sarawak has diverse ecological conditions as well as presence of arthropod too. The study in MARDI research plot Batang Lupar in Sri Aman, Sarawak had been done on traditional rice varieties, Bubuk, Bali and Mamut by using sweeping net. The entire specimens were sorted out and classified into the smallest possible taxa. Statistical analysis were analysed by using Shanon-wiener Diversity Index, Evenness Shannon Index and Margalef Richness Index. A total of 272 individual arthropods had been collected and it consists of 7 order, 18 families and 23 species. Among of that 3 species are spiders, 9 species are insect pests and 11 species are insect predators. Analysis data for the diversity of arthropod has shown that there were no significantly different between three varieties, Bubuk, Bali and Mamut (P > 0.05). Besides that, diversity of the arthropod in Bali is higher than Bubuk and Mamut.

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Analysing the effect of paddy rice variety on fluorescence characteristics for nitrogen application monitoring

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.180485 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 180485 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chaoyong Shen ◽

Zhongke Feng ◽

Daoqin Zhou

Keyword(s):

Rice Variety ◽

Paddy Rice ◽

N Fertilizer ◽

Experimental Results ◽

Rice Varieties ◽

Growth Status ◽

Fluorescence Characteristics ◽

Key Factor ◽

Leaf N Content ◽

The Relationship

Paddy rice is one of the most important cereal crops worldwide, so it is very important to accurately monitor its growth status and photosynthetic efficiency. The nitrogen (N) level is a key factor closely related to crop growth. In this study, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technology combined with multi-variate analysis was applied to investigate the effect of paddy rice variety on N fertilizer level monitoring. Principal components analysis was conducted to extract the variables of the main fluorescence characteristics to identify N levels. Experimental results demonstrated that no nitrogen fertilizer can be completely identified for each paddy rice variety. In addition, other N levels can also be well classified based on the fluorescence characteristics. The relationship between the fluorescence ratio (F735/F685 : F735, and F685 denote the fluorescence intensity at 735 nm, and 685 nm, respectively) and leaf N content of different paddy rice varieties is also discussed. Experimental results revealed that LIF technology is an effective method of monitoring the N fertilizer and leaf biochemical components of paddy rice.

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