Kepelbagaian Artropod dalam Tanaman Padi Tradisional di Batang Lupar, Sarawak

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Fitri Masarudin ◽  
Maisarah Mohamad Saad
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Richness Index

The diversity of arthropod consists of pests and predators in rice fields were contribute to the biological control of crop pests at different stages of growth. The rice fields in Batang Lupar, Sarawak has diverse ecological conditions as well as presence of arthropod too. The study in MARDI research plot Batang Lupar in Sri Aman, Sarawak had been done on traditional rice varieties, Bubuk, Bali and Mamut by using sweeping net. The entire specimens were sorted out and classified into the smallest possible taxa. Statistical analysis were analysed by using Shanon-wiener Diversity Index, Evenness Shannon Index and Margalef Richness Index. A total of 272 individual arthropods had been collected and it consists of 7 order, 18 families and 23 species. Among of that 3 species are spiders, 9 species are insect pests and 11 species are insect predators. Analysis data for the diversity of arthropod has shown that there were no significantly different between three varieties, Bubuk, Bali and Mamut (P > 0.05). Besides that, diversity of the arthropod in Bali is higher than Bubuk and Mamut. 

Characteristics of Phytoplankton Community Structure and Evaluation of Trophic State of Water Body in Bosten Lake

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Mu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
He Ying Sun ◽  
Li Min Chu ◽  
Jia Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Trophic State ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Bosten Lake ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
Synedra Acus ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Richness Index

Bosten Lake was the largest inland freshwater lake in China. It is facing with a series of ecological problems nowadays. The phytoplankton and water samples of seventeen sampling sites in Bosten Lake were collected in September 2012. Results show that sixty-four species (genera) of phytoplankton, which belong to six phyla, are identified. The community structure of phytoplankton is dominated by Chlorophyta. The mean cell density of phytoplankton in whole lake is 8179.01×104cells·L-1 and Cyanophyta accounts for 94.71%. The dominant species are Chroococcus sp. and Synedra acus. In terms of Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index, Pielou evenness index and total nitrogen content, it is ascertained that trophic state of water body in Estuary and Pumping Station is between mesotrophication and eutrophication. While in the other districts, the water body is eutrophic. In addition, the eutrophic degree of water body in District IV is higher.

scholarly journals Comparisons of Zooplankton Community Structure between with- and without- Pesticide Applications on Rice Fields

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 644
Author(s):  
Nattaporn Plangklang ◽  
Sujeephon Athibai
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Pesticide Treatment ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Zooplankton Density ◽  
Field Measuring ◽  
Measured Water

Herbicide usage in rice fields over time may have a direct and indirect influence on the biodiversity of the fields. The impacts of herbicide usage on non-target organisms were assessed by examining the species richness and zooplankton density of two rice fields. One was 2.08 hectares in size and had been treated with pesticides during the sampling year (RF-PA). The second field, measuring 1.76 hectares, had received no pesticide treatment (RF-NPA). Every two weeks, zooplankton was quantitatively collected from ten sampling sites in each field. At each station, 20 L of measured water was filtered through a plankton net with a mesh size of 20 µm and preserved in 1% Lugol’s solution. The results revealed that RF-NPA and RF-PA had 112 and 88 species of zooplankton, respectively, with an abundance-based Jaccard index (Jabd) of 0.438. The total zooplankton density in RF-NPA was 24.4 ind./L, significantly higher than the 16.6 ind./L in RF-PA (p < 0.001). The Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’) and evenness (J) were highest in RF-NPA at the second sampling (3.45 and 0.75, respectively). These results indicate that glyphosate application affects the diversity of species and density of zooplankton in rice fields.

scholarly journals Herpetofauna community structure and distribution of Watu Joglo cave area, Gunung Kidul, Special Region of Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 00008
Author(s):  
Khadija Lung Ayu ◽  
Nishfi Laila Maghfiroh ◽  
Afghan Azka Falah ◽  
Muhammad Haekal ◽  
Alfonsus Toribio Eko Saputro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Data Sampling ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Evenness Index ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Special Region

Watu Joglo is one of the caves located in the row of the Sewu mountains, Gunung Kidul, Special Regency of Yogyakarta. Watu Joglo has various suitable microhabitats for herpetofauna. So far, the study about herpetofauna’s community structure and distribution has not been carried out in Watu Joglo. This study aimed to study and map the diversity, richness, evenness, and distribution of herpetofauna in Watu Joglo. Herpetofauna’s data sampling was carried out for three days. The study was conducted on 6-8 April 2018. The data of herpetofauna community were analyzed with Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index, and Pielou Evenness Index. The data of herpetofauna distribution were mapped and analyzed with Avenza and ArcGis. Based on the research conducted, we found 11 species of herpetofauna which consisted of five species from Ordo Anura, four species from Subordo Lacertilia, and two species from Subordo Serpentes. Herpetofauna in Watu Joglo was widely distributed around the river. According to diversity analysis, Watu Joglo has moderate diversity index, 1.667. Besides, Watu Joglo has high evenness index which is 0.85 but low richness index which is 2.83.

scholarly journals Relative abundance of insect pests and their predators on boro rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
MA Bakar ◽  
MMH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Green Rice Leafhopper ◽  
Insect Predators ◽  
Initiation Stage ◽  
Boro Rice

The study was conducted to know the relative abundance of insect pests and their predators on 5 boro rice varieties namely Arize tez, Teea, Sakti, Sathi and BRRI Dhan 28. In Arize Tez variety, short horned grasshopper revealed the highest percent relative abundance (87.25%) at tillering stage and green rice leafhopper was only at panical initiation stage. Among insect predators, wasp showed the highest percent relative abundance (33.33%) both at tillering and panical initiation stages. In Teea variety, the highest percent relative abundance of short horned grasshopper was recorded at tillering (80.21%) and panicle initiation (86.03%) stages while spider and lady bird beetle had 21.05% at tillering stage, wasp (21.05% and 40.00%), damselfly (21.05% and 40.00%) at tillering and panical initiation stages, respectively. In Sakti variety, short horned grasshopper had the highest percent relative abundance (72.54% and 69.05%) at tillering and panicle initiation stages while dragonfly had 30.77% at tillering, wasp had 30.77% and 66.66% at tillering and panicle initiation stages. In Shathi variety, the highest percent relative abundance of short horned grasshopper was recorded at tillering (59.46%) and panicle initiation (52.27%) stages while wasp (41.67%) at panical initiation stage. In variety BRRI dhan 28, the highest percent relative abundance of insect pests was recorded in short horned grasshopper (76.73% and 86.05%) both at tillering and panicle initiation stages while in insect predators, wasp had 40% at tillering and 50% at panicle initiation stages but dragonfly had 50% only at panicle initiation stage.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(1): 81-88, March 2018

scholarly journals Effect of shrub encroachment on their sub-canopy soil and vegetation properties

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Erfanzadeh ◽  
Moslem Yazdani ◽  
Asghar Saleh Mosleh Arani
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
Shrub Encroachment ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Dimensional Scaling ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Canopy Soil ◽  
Vegetation Characteristics ◽  
Amygdalus Scoparia ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
One Way Anova

Shrub encroachment (SE) has been occurring and studied worldwide over the last century. What remains to be investigated is how soil and vegetation characteristics vary under canopy of different species of shrubs for restoration goals. Thus, this study aimed to compare the effect of three shrub species (Amygdalus scoparia, Ebenus stellata, and Daphne mezereum) on soil and vegetation characteristics under their canopies in semiarid rangelands in Iran for restoration purposes of degraded areas. Fifteen sites were randomly selected in such three shrub species which were found close to each other in each site. Soil and vegetation characteristics were measured under the three shrubs, comparing with outside the shrub canopies (control). One-way ANOVA and non-metric dimensional scaling were used to clarify the differences of the effects of different shrub species on sub-canopy soil and plants. The results indicated that the effect of different species of shrubs on soil properties was not equal, more pronounced by A. scoparia. Similarly, the highest value of herbaceous Shannon-Wiener diversity index was recorded under A. scoparia (2.07) as compared with D. mezerum (1.76), E. stellata (1.41). The highest and lowest values of Menhinick richness index were observed under A. scoparia (3.43) and E. stellata (1.46), respectively. Compared with two other shrubs, a taller canopy in A. scoparia (3.50m vs. 2.60m and 1.83m) probably led to greater litter input by the shrub. Different effects of different species of shrubs on sub-canopy soil and vegetation should be considered in the restoration projects of degraded semiarid rangelands.

scholarly journals Natural Enemy (Arthropoda-Insecta) Biodiversity in Vegetable Crops in Northeastern Tamil Nadu, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Veeramuthu Anbalagan ◽  
Michael Gabriel Paulraj ◽  
Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu ◽  
Kathirvelu Baskar ◽  
Jonas Gunasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Natural enemies of insect pests in vegetable crops (brinjal, okra and tomato) were recorded and their diversity was studied in Kancheepuram and Tiruvallur Districts, Tamil Nadu. Natural enemies were collected by pitfall traps, sweeping nets and by hand picking from January 2011 to December 2013 twice in a month. Totally 129 species of predatory and parasitic insects were recorded. All the natural enemies were grouped into 50 families under eight different orders. Order hymenoptera contained the highest number of families and species. Among the predators, Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles) was found to be the dominant group with high number of species. It was clear that Coccinellidae, Staphylinidae, Carabidae and Pentatomidae were the predominant natural enemies throughout the study period. In 2013, formicidae formed the major family of occurrence from July to December in the vegetable fields; in this period the total number of individuals collected from all families was the highest. The maximum Shannon-Wiener diversity index was 3.70 during the second season in 2013. Maximum richness (5.99) was recorded in the second season of 2012. The variations in the diversity, species richness and evenness between two cropping systems are discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals Seasonal influence of physicochemical parameters on phytoplankton diversity and assemblage pattern in Kailash Khal, a tropical wetland, Sundarbans, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pranab Gogoi ◽  
Archana Sinha ◽  
Soma Das Sarkar ◽  
Thangjam Nirupada Chanu ◽  
Anil Kumar Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Algal Groups ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Studies were carried out from April 2016 to March 2017 for effective understanding of diversity combined with environment-influenced spatiotemporal dynamics of microfloral structure in Kailash Khal wetland of Indian Sundarbans. A total of 36 phytoplankton genera were recorded from the study area. Eight major algal groups were in order of: Bacillariophyceae > Cyanophyceae > Chlorophyceae > Coscinodiscophyceae > Xanthophyceae > Euglenophyceae > Conjugatophyceae > Mediophyceae with respect to their quantitative abundance. Mean seasonal abundance was found highest in pre-monsoon (4.32 × 103 cells l−1) followed by post-monsoon (3.88 × 103 cells l−1) and monsoon (1.96 × 103 cells l−1). One-way ANOVA showed that seasonal difference in physicochemical parameters was statistically significant for temperature, DO, specific conductivity, TA, TS, Ca++, nitrate, transparency, salinity, TH, turbidity, Mg++ and phosphate (p < 0.05). pH, temperature, total hardness, TDS nitrate, phosphate and silicate showed a close affinity with the distribution of phytoplankton community as evident from canonical correspondence analysis. Margalef richness index (3.121–3.774) and Shannon–Wiener diversity index (2.730–2.939) indicated moderately rich phytoplankton diversity in the wetland ecosystem.

scholarly journals Effect of water parameters on temporal distribution and abundance of zooplankton at Kaptai lake reservoir, Rangamati, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-399
Author(s):  
Md Anowarul Haque ◽  
Md Rashed Un Nabi ◽  
Md Masum Billah ◽  
Abdulla Al Asif ◽  
Mohammed Rezowan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Chemical Conditions ◽  
Richness Index

Seasonal abundance of zooplankton in relation to different physico-chemical conditions of Kaptai lake has been studied. A total of four major groups of zooplankton were identified from study area of Kaptai lake during three seasons observation at pre-monsoon, monsoon and Post-monsoon. These four groups were categorized into rotifers, copepods, cladocerans and others (fish larvae, shrimp larvae, insects, mosquito larvae etc.). The mean abundance of group rotifers, copepods, cladoceras and others were 103, 84.67, 38.33 and 41.83 ind. L-1 respectively. The highest group was rotifers in terms of abundance and composition where compositions were recorded 38 % at three season’s observation. The lowest group was cladoceras in term of abundance and composition where compositions were recorded 14 %. The air temperature, water temperature, transparency, water pH, DO, BOD5, PO4-P, NO2-N, SiO3-Si, TSS, TDS, Alkalinity ranged between 21 and 27.50C, 23.5 and 31.50C, 0.8 and 3 m, 7.1 and 7.5, 5.72 and 8.58 mg/l, 8.55 and 12.87 mg/l, 3.22 and 4.13 μg/l, 0.992 and 1.19 μg/l, 161.18 and 201.15 μg/l, 0.28 and 0.48 g/l, 0.18 and 0.68 g/l, 40 and 60 ppm, respectively. Margalef richness index (d), Pielou’s evenness index (J'), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), Simpson dominance index (λ) are analyzed by Primer V6 software to quantify the collected species. Through same software SIMPER, Cluster analysis also done to compare similarity between season. Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2018, 4(4): 389-399

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN PESTISIDA NABATI MENGENDALIKAN HAMA-HAMA PADI MERAH (Oryza nivara L.) DI DUSUN SOPORARU, TAPANULI UTARA, SUMATERA UTARA

AGRIFOR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Ameilia Zuliyanti Siregar ◽  
Tulus Tulus ◽  
Kemala Sari Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Neem Leaves ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Richness Index

Locally specific Natabo brown rice was identified in Pangaribuan Subdistrict, North Tapanuli, where the attack of stem borer, brown planthoppers, leafhoppers and stink bugs affects rice productivity. The alternative step to control pests in a biological used by biology pesticides to increase productivity and food security. This research was conducted for eight months during March to October 2020, with a survey stage, inventory of pests in the fields using the purposive random sampling method in Soporaru backwoods, Sigotom Julu Village, Pangaribuan District, North Tapanuli. The application of biology pesticides consists of 5 treatments, namely: B0 (Control, without application); BP1 (neem leaves, galangal, lemongrass, detergent, water); BP2 (soursop leaves, galangal rhizome, garlic, detergent, water); BP3 (soursop leaves, detergent, water) and BP4 (kenikir leaves, marigold flowers, Zinnia flowers). The composition of insects consist of 8 order, 26 familes, totalpopulation were 1.080 individuals.The calculation of the Margallef species richness index (Rp=7.25; Rc=7.15), the Evenness evenness index (Ep= 0.62; Ec=0.57) and the Shannon Wiener diversity index (Hp'= 2.38; Hc’=2.12). The parameters of temperature, humidity, rainfall) are calculated. The use of biology pesticides has strategic potential in controlling the dominant pests of rice in the future.

scholarly journals Diversity and Composition of Hymenoptera Around Tidal Swamp Rice In Indragiri Hilir District, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Zahlul Ikhsan ◽  
Aulia Oktavia
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Ecological Role ◽  
Wiener Diversity Index ◽  
Tidal Swamp ◽  
Index Value ◽  
Rice Plantation ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
High Diversity

Pest attacks on rice plants can cause a detrimental decrease in production. Hymenoptera has many important roles in ecosystems, including as parasitoids and predators of pests. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of Hymenoptera around tidal swamp rice in Indragiri Hilir Regency, Indonesia. Sampling used four traps, namely: 1) swing net; 2) yellow pan trap; 3) malaise trap; and 4) pitfall traps. The analysis was carried out by calculating the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H'), the Margalef species richness index (D), the Pielou species evenness index (J). Hymenoptera found around tidal swamp rice areas of Indragiri Hilir Regency were 15.253 Hymenoptera insects consisting of 11 superfamilies, 37 families, and 304 morphospecies. Hymenoptera parasitoid had the highest diversity index value (4,80), followed by Hymenoptera pollinator (3,13) and Hymenoptera predator (3,11). The number of species of Hymenoptera parasitoid, pollinator, and predator obtained was 243; 31 and 76 species. The high diversity of Hymenoptera around tidal agricultural land optimizes its ecological role in the rice plantation ecosystem.

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