scholarly journals Succession from pine forest to evergreen broad-leaved forest at Ohki coastal beach in Kochi Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Shin Morisada ◽  
Tatsuya Nozaki ◽  
Midori Ogawa ◽  
Mahito Kamada
Keyword(s):  
Pine Forest ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Coastal Beach ◽  
Kochi Prefecture ◽  
Leaved Forest

scholarly journals Soil–atmosphere exchange flux of total gaseous mercury (TGM) at subtropical and temperate forest catchments

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 16117-16133
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Zhangwei Wang ◽  
Xiaoshan Zhang ◽  
Charles T. Driscoll ◽  
Che-Jen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Open Field ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest ◽  
Soil Hg

Abstract. Evasion from soil is the largest source of mercury (Hg) to the atmosphere from terrestrial ecosystems. To improve our understanding of controls and in estimates of forest soil–atmosphere fluxes of total gaseous Hg (TGM), measurements were made using dynamic flux chambers (DFCs) over 130 and 96 d for each of five plots at a subtropical forest and a temperate forest, respectively. At the subtropical forest, the highest net soil Hg emissions were observed for an open field (24 ± 33 ng m−2 h−1), followed by two coniferous forest plots (2.8 ± 3.9 and 3.5 ±  4.2 ng m−2 h−1), a broad-leaved forest plot (0.18 ±  4.3 ng m−2 h−1) and the remaining wetland site showing net deposition (−0.80 ± 5.1 ng m−2 h−1). At the temperate forest, the highest fluxes and net soil Hg emissions were observed for a wetland (3.81 ± 0.52 ng m−2 h−1) and an open field (1.82 ± 0.79 ng m−2 h−1), with lesser emission rates in the deciduous broad-leaved forest (0.68 ± 1.01 ng m−2 h−1) and deciduous needle-leaved forest (0.32 ± 0.96 ng m−2 h−1) plots, and net deposition at an evergreen pine forest (−0.04 ± 0.81 ng m−2 h−1). High solar radiation and temperature during summer resulted in the high Hg emissions in the subtropical forest and the open field and evergreen pine forest at the temperate forest. At the temperate deciduous plots, the highest Hg emission occurred in spring during the leaf-off period due to direct solar radiation exposure to soils. Fluxes showed strong positive relationships with solar radiation and soil temperature and negative correlations with ambient air TGM concentration in both the subtropical and temperate forests, with area-weighted compensation points of 6.82 and 3.42 ng m−3, respectively. The values of the compensation points suggest that the atmospheric TGM concentration can play a critical role in limiting TGM emissions from the forest floor. Climate change and land use disturbance may increase the compensation points in both temperate and subtropical forests. Future research should focus on the role of legacy soil Hg in reemissions to the atmosphere as decreases in primary emissions drive decreases in TGM concentrations and disturbances of climate change and land use.

scholarly journals Energy and CO2 flux densities above and below a temperate broad-leaved forest and a boreal pine forest

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Baldocchi ◽  
C. A. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Flux ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

scholarly journals Nitrogen input <sup>15</sup>N signatures are reflected in plant <sup>15</sup>N natural abundances in subtropical forests in China

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2359-2370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geshere Abdisa Gurmesa ◽  
Xiankai Lu ◽  
Per Gundersen ◽  
Yunting Fang ◽  
Qinggong Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
N Cycling ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Inorganic N ◽  
Subtropical Forests ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Soil Δ15n ◽  
Leaved Forest

Abstract. Natural abundance of 15N (δ15N) in plants and soils can provide time-integrated information related to nitrogen (N) cycling within ecosystems, but it has not been well tested in warm and humid subtropical forests. In this study, we used ecosystem δ15N to assess effects of increased N deposition on N cycling in an old-growth broad-leaved forest and a secondary pine forest in a high-N-deposition area in southern China. We measured δ15N of inorganic N in input and output fluxes under ambient N deposition, and we measured N concentration (%N) and δ15N of major ecosystem compartments under ambient deposition and after decadal N addition at 50 kg N ha−1yr−1, which has a δ15N of −0.7 ‰. Our results showed that the total inorganic N in deposition was 15N-depleted (−10 ‰) mainly due to high input of strongly 15N-depleted NH4+-N. Plant leaves in both forests were also 15N-depleted (−4 to −6 ‰). The broad-leaved forest had higher plant and soil %N and was more 15N-enriched in most ecosystem compartments relative to the pine forest. Nitrogen addition did not significantly affect %N in the broad-leaved forest, indicating that the ecosystem pools are already N-rich. However, %N was marginally increased in pine leaves and significantly increased in understory vegetation in the pine forest. Soil δ15N was not changed significantly by the N addition in either forest. However, the N addition significantly increased the δ15N of plants toward the 15N signature of the added N, indicating incorporation of added N into plants. Thus, plant δ15N was more sensitive to ecosystem N input manipulation than %N in these subtropical forests. We interpret the depleted δ15N of plants as an imprint from the high and 15N-depleted N deposition that may dominate the effects of fractionation that are observed in most warm and humid forests. Fractionation during the steps of N cycling could explain the difference between negative δ15N in plants and positive δ15N in soils, and the increase in soil δ15N with depths. Nevertheless, interpretation of ecosystem δ15N from high-N-deposition regions needs to include data on the deposition 15N signal.

scholarly journals Diversity, abundance and seasonality of birds in a Caribbean pine plantation and native broad-leaved forest at Trinidad, West Indies

1998 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floyd E. Hayes ◽  
Ishmaelangelo Samad
Keyword(s):  
West Indies ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Caribbean Pine ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Leaved Forest

SummaryMonoculture plantations of exotic Caribbean pinePinus caribaeahave been planted extensively in many tropical countries, but little is known about the bird communities inhabiting them. From October 1995 to September 1996, we compared bird populations in a 37-ha stand of mature Caribbean pine forest (planted in 1972) with an adjacent, similar-sized stand of native broad-leaved forest at Mount Saint Benedict, Trinidad, West Indies. Ten censuses, each including 10 fixed-radius point counts (25 m radius, 10 minutes duration), were conducted simultaneously during different months of the year in each habitat. Both species richness and species diversity were significantly lower in the pine forest, but the overall abundance of individual birds did not differ between the two forests. Seasonal variation in bird populations was more pronounced in the pine forest, where fewer birds (and presumably food resources) were present during the dry season. The pine forest bird community was dominated by forest edge specialists and the native forest by forest interior specialists at both the individual and species levels. At the individual level, nectarivores, aerial foragers and understorey foragers were proportionately more common in the pine forest; insectivores and canopy foragers were more common in the native forest. At the species level, more aerial foragers occurred in the pine forest and more understorey foragers in the native forest. The diversity of bird communities in pine plantations may be promoted by increasing habitat heterogeneity.

Classification of vegetation in Cucphuong National Park with the aim of large-scale mapping, Vietnam

1996 ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguen Nghia Thin ◽  
Nguen Ba Thu ◽  
Tran Van Thuy
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Dense Forest ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

The tropical seasonal rainy evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation of the Cucphoung National Park has been classified and the distribution of plant communities has been shown on the map using the relations of vegetation to geology, geomorphology and pedology. The method of vegetation mapping includes: 1) the identifying of vegetation types in the remote-sensed materials (aerial photographs and satellite images); 2) field work to compile the interpretation keys and to characterize all the communities of a study area; 3) compilation of the final vegetation map using the combined information. In the classification presented a number of different level vegetation units have been identified: formation classes (3), formation sub-classes (3), formation groups (3), formations (4), subformations (10) and communities (19). Communities have been taken as mapping units. So in the vegetation map of the National Park 19 vegetation categories has been shown altogether, among them 13 are natural primary communities, and 6 are the secondary, anthropogenic ones. The secondary succession goes through 3 main stages: grassland herbaceous xerophytic vegetation, xerophytic scrub, dense forest.

Effects of density dependence on the spatial patterns ofQuercus alienavar.acuteserratatrees in deciduous broad-leaved forest in the Baotianman Nature Reserve, central China

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ting ◽  
Ren Siyuan ◽  
Yuan Zhiliang ◽  
Zhu Yan ◽  
Pan Na ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Dependence ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Central China ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest ◽  
Effects Of Density

Effects of topographic variations and soil characteristics on plant func-tional traits in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Jia ◽  
Wu Qian ◽  
Yan Hui ◽  
Zhang Shouren
Keyword(s):  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

Temporal dynamics of and effects of an ice storm on litter production in an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Gutianshan National Nature Reserve

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Lei ◽  
Wang Xiaohe ◽  
Mi Xiangcheng ◽  
Chen Jianhua ◽  
Yu Mingjian
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
National Nature Reserve ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest

Ice and Snow Disasters to the Evergreen Broad-leaved Forest in the Jiulianshan Nature Reserve in Jiangxi, China*

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun HE ◽  
Xiuhai ZHAO ◽  
Chunyu ZHANG ◽  
Yuzhen JIA ◽  
Juan FAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Broad Leaved Forest ◽  
Leaved Forest
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