An American Political Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-179
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
Alexander Hamilton ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
National Economic ◽  
American Political Economy

Beginning with a discussion of the historical criticisms of American protectionism, this chapter moves quickly into a systematic review of the origins and arguments of protectionist political economy. The popularity and political influence of protectionism is indicated by the emergence of America as a bastion of nineteenth-century tariffs. Protectionism dominated nineteenth-century American economic discourse and was the essential expression of antebellum hybrid capitalism. By incorporating American exceptionalism, encouraging industrialization, celebrating the harmony between capital and labor, and pursuing methodological and theoretical values that were accepted across American culture, protectionism is presented as the most authentic manifestation of the antebellum economic mind. The economic ideologies of Alexander Hamilton, Matthew Carey, Daniel Raymond, Calvin Colton, and Friedrich List are explored. Each emphasized a nationalist concern in political economy, connecting political independence, especially from Britain, to national economic sovereignty.

Redefining the Heartland

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Wuthnow
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Great Depression ◽  
Republican Party ◽  
Church And State ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Religious Movements ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Electoral Cycle ◽  
National Economic ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines how Kansas experienced a long slide from being the “kernel of the country” to becoming a mere outpost far from the centers of national economic and political influence—a shift that was rooted in economic and demographic changes, but was primarily a matter of cultural redefinition. On those rare occasions in the nineteenth century when the Kansas Republican Party lost power, it regrouped and made a comeback in the next electoral cycle. The chapter first considers how the influence of Republicans and Methodists peaked in 1924, a banner year for the Kansas economy, before discussing the consolidation and further expansion of Kansas churches. It then describes the separation of church and state, along with the rise of fundamentalism and the impact of the Great Depression on Kansas churches. It also explores the repeal of Prohibition in 1933 and the emergence of smaller political and religious movements in Kansas.

The Social Mediation of Economic Discourse

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-74
Author(s):  
Keith Tribe
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Popular Literature ◽  
Academic Journals ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Social Mediation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Creation

In the course of the nineteenth century, political economy shifted from a discourse printed in books and journals and directed primarily at ‘men of affairs’ to a stratified public discourse. Where argument had once appealed to ‘reason’, argument by authority now became more significant in the teaching and publications of academic economists. This chapter shows the media through which this transition was effected—clubs, societies, and associations, adult extension teaching, popular literature, the creation of examinations and professional qualifications, and, in some limited cases, certification for employment, plus the creation of specialised academic journals.

Lord Seaforth and Highland estate management in the First Phase of Clearance (1783–1815)

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Finlay McKichan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Financial Benefits ◽  
Estate Management

Professor Allan Macinnes coined the phrase and defined ‘The First Phase of Clearance’. He argued that in this period chiefs embraced wholeheartedly the Whig concept of progress and deliberately subordinated, if not threw over, their personal obligations as patrons and protectors of their clansmen and that a result was a gradual but inexorable re-orientation of estates towards the market at the expense of clanship. This article is a case study of First Phase Clearance based on the proprietorship of Francis Humberston Mackenzie of the Seaforth estate in mainland Ross-shire and Lewis. It argues that he was slower than other proprietors in abandoning traditional attitudes and in following the dictates of political economy. It shows that customary, political and commercial pressures pulled him in different directions, which led to ambiguities and contradictions in his policies. In the first part of the article the importance for him of customary concerns, traditional attitudes and political influence and the implications for estate management are examined. However, he also wanted to enjoy the financial benefits of commercialisation and in some respects he undoubtedly acted commercially. This is considered in the second part. The consequences of these competing pressures are discussed in the final part. The article concludes that, while Seaforth reflects many of the characteristics associated with First Phase Clearance proprietors, his estate management policy does not display inexorable adoption of commercialism, but rather confusion and inconsistency under pressure. This was to the detriment of his own interests and those of his family and began the process by which in the nineteenth century most of the Seaforth estate was sold.

‘Fishers of Men’: religion and political economy among colonized Tabwa

Africa ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen F. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Lake Tanganyika ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Important Means ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Opening Paragraph

Opening ParagraphIn the late nineteenth century, Catholic missionaries among Tabwa southwest of Lake Tanganyika (now Zaire) sought to create a cohesive community of African Christians. The priests prohibited communal practice of Tabwa religion in the vicinity of their churches (established at points of densest population) and appropriated important means of food production like river-fishing grounds, for their own exploitation or to reward those loyal to them. As they enhanced their own economic and political influence, they contributed to Tabwa anomie, rather than community.

scholarly journals VARIETIES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY IN CAPITALISM WITH SLAVERY: COMMENTS ON DAVID ELTIS’S ESSAY AND HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO BRAZILIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

Almanack ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 569-611
Author(s):  
Robert W. Slenes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Brazilian Studies

Abstract This essay dialogs with David Eltis’s article in this issue of Almanack and highlights Eltis’s contributions to Brazilian studies of slavery and the Atlantic slave trade. It focuses on the historical relationship between “capitalism” and “slavery”, particularly the “second slavery” of the nineteenth century, with an emphasis on changing Anglo-American and Luso-Brazilian “political economies”. Like Eltis’s article, it is especially concerned with the synergy, or lack thereof, between “external” and “internal” factors in determining regional and national economic growth. In the spirit of the forum at the Universidade Federal Fluminense in which Eltis’s article was originally presented and debated, this essay emphasizes a historiographical approach particularly aimed at undergraduate and graduate students in History, the main audience at the original seminar.

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