scholarly journals VARIETIES OF POLITICAL ECONOMY IN CAPITALISM WITH SLAVERY: COMMENTS ON DAVID ELTIS’S ESSAY AND HIS CONTRIBUTIONS TO BRAZILIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

Almanack ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 569-611
Author(s):  
Robert W. Slenes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Brazilian Studies

Abstract This essay dialogs with David Eltis’s article in this issue of Almanack and highlights Eltis’s contributions to Brazilian studies of slavery and the Atlantic slave trade. It focuses on the historical relationship between “capitalism” and “slavery”, particularly the “second slavery” of the nineteenth century, with an emphasis on changing Anglo-American and Luso-Brazilian “political economies”. Like Eltis’s article, it is especially concerned with the synergy, or lack thereof, between “external” and “internal” factors in determining regional and national economic growth. In the spirit of the forum at the Universidade Federal Fluminense in which Eltis’s article was originally presented and debated, this essay emphasizes a historiographical approach particularly aimed at undergraduate and graduate students in History, the main audience at the original seminar.

The Political Economy of Commercial Associations: Building the National Board of Trade, 1840–1868

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-783
Author(s):  
Cory Davis
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Commercial Activity ◽  
National Board ◽  
Competition And Cooperation ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Commercial Organizations

This article argues that, in the mid-nineteenth century, the American merchant community created local commercial organizations to propagate a vision of economic development based on republican ideals. As part of a “business revolution,” these organizations attempted to balance competition and cooperation in order to promote and direct the expansion of national markets and commercial activity throughout the country. Faced with the crisis of divergent sectional political economies and committed to the belief that businessmen needed a stronger political voice, merchant groups banded together to form the National Board of Trade, an association devoted to creating a unified commercial interest and shaping national economic policies.

Sino-Capitalism: China's Reemergence and the International Political Economy

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Global Integration ◽  
Free Markets ◽  
Capitalist System ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
International Role

There is little doubt that China's international reemergence represents one of the most significant events in modern history. As China's political economy gains in importance, its interactions with other major political economies will shape global values, institutions, and policies, thereby restructuring the international political economy. Drawing on theories and concepts in comparative capitalism, the author envisages China's reemergence as generating Sino-capitalism—a capitalist system that is already global in reach but one that differs from Anglo-American capitalism in important respects. Sino-capitalism relies more on informal business networks than legal codes and transparent rules. It also assigns the Chinese state a leading role in fostering and guiding capitalist accumulation. Sino-capitalism, ultimately, espouses less trust in free markets and more trust in unitary state rule and social norms of reciprocity, stability, and hierarchy.After conceptualizing Sino-capitalism's domestic political economy, the author uses the case of China's efforts to internationalize its currency, the yuan or renminbi, to systematically illustrate the multifarious manner in which the domestic logic of Sino-capitalism is expressed at the global level. Rather than presenting a deterministic argument concerning the future international role of China, he argues that China's stance and strategy in the international political economy hew quite closely to Sino-capitalism's hybrid compensatory institutional arrangements on the domestic level: state guidance; flexible and entrepreneurial networks; and global integration. Sino-capitalism therefore represents an emerging system of global capitalism centered on China that is producing a dynamic mix of mutual dependence, symbiosis, competition, and friction with the still dominant Anglo-American model of capitalism.

Cultural Political Economy and Conflicts Law – A new way to approach the Eurozone crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Hien ◽  
Christian Joerges
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Juergen Habermas ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Third Way ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
National Economic ◽  
Cultural Political Economy ◽  
Political Economies ◽  
To Come ◽  
National Economies

The immediate effects of the Euro crisis have been tamed but the crisis has soured the relations between Southern and Northern Member states for many years to come. Comparative political economy explains the frictions between North and South as a result of different institutional configurations of national economies (Varieties of Capitalism), different interests of capital and labor coalitions (growth model perspective) or ideational traditions (ordoliberal vs dirigisme). We argue that the exclusive focus of these approaches on either, rational institutionalism, interest coalitions or economic ideas obscures that these three factors come together in a long-term evolutionary trajectory that has formed national economic cultures within the Eurozone since the 1950s. We examplify our cultural political economy approach showing empircally how the German and Italian political economies developed in different ways since the end of WWII. In the second part of our contribution we develop a conflicts law perspective offering it as a third way that can mediate between the two extreme positions of Wolfgang Streeck (back to the nation state) and Juergen Habermas (federation) in the debate on the future of the European Union. We show how the culturally grounded diversities of European capitalisms can be accommodated through a conflicts law.

2. The Nineteenth-Century Roots of Theoretical Traditions in Global Political Economy

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Watson
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Nationalism ◽  
Global Political Economy ◽  
Classical Economics ◽  
Historical Relationship ◽  
Marxian Political Economy ◽  
Historical Origins

This chapter discusses the historical origins and the subsequent intellectual lineage of what many textbooks inform the beginning student are the three core theoretical positions within contemporary Global Political Economy (GPE): realism, liberalism, and Marxism. It first considers the use of textbooks in teaching GPE before analysing the historical relationship between realist GPE and the nineteenth-century nationalist political economy tradition, focusing in particular on the political economy foundations of nineteenth-century economic nationalism. It then examines the link between GPE liberalism and Smithian political economy, taking into account Adam Smith's political and moral critiques of mercantilism as well as his views on self-command. The chapter also assesses GPE Marxism's roots in the nineteenth-century Marxian political economy tradition and concludes by looking at GPE feminism and its relation to the nineteenth-century popularization of classical economics for women.

State Institutions and Economic Performance in Nineteenth-Century Egypt

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Blaydes ◽  
Safinaz El Tarouty
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This article examines the relationship between state institutions and economic development in nineteenth-century Egypt. Leading theories in political economy suggest that centralized, yet constrained, state institutions are essential prerequisites for generating high levels of economic growth and prosperity. The article considers the ways in which centralizing reforms in nineteenth-century Egypt concentrated power in the hands of the khedives, damaging the capacity for other societal actors to constrain the executive. The relative lack of constraints on the Egyptian khedives permitted excessive borrowing that paved the way for European colonial intervention, with implications for economic development.

An American Political Economy

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-179
Author(s):  
Christopher W. Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
American Exceptionalism ◽  
Alexander Hamilton ◽  
Economic Discourse ◽  
Political Independence ◽  
National Economic ◽  
American Political Economy

Beginning with a discussion of the historical criticisms of American protectionism, this chapter moves quickly into a systematic review of the origins and arguments of protectionist political economy. The popularity and political influence of protectionism is indicated by the emergence of America as a bastion of nineteenth-century tariffs. Protectionism dominated nineteenth-century American economic discourse and was the essential expression of antebellum hybrid capitalism. By incorporating American exceptionalism, encouraging industrialization, celebrating the harmony between capital and labor, and pursuing methodological and theoretical values that were accepted across American culture, protectionism is presented as the most authentic manifestation of the antebellum economic mind. The economic ideologies of Alexander Hamilton, Matthew Carey, Daniel Raymond, Calvin Colton, and Friedrich List are explored. Each emphasized a nationalist concern in political economy, connecting political independence, especially from Britain, to national economic sovereignty.

Jean Tirole: The political economy of corporate finance (On the book by J. Tirole “The theory of corporate finance”)

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-141
Author(s):  
N. Ranneva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Graduate Students ◽  
Corporate Finance ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutional Economic ◽  
New Type ◽  
Finance Theory ◽  
Empirical Material

The present article undertakes a critical review of the new book of Jean Tirole, the winner of the 2014 Nobel Prize in Economics, “The theory of cor- porate finance”, which has recently been published in Russian. The book makes a real contribution to the profession by summarizing the whole field of corporate finance and bringing together a big body of research developed over the last thirty years. By simplifying modeling, using unified analytical apparatus, undertaking reinterpretation of many previously received results, and structuring the material in original way Tirole achieves a necessary unity and simplicity in exposition of extremely heterogeneous theoretical and empirical material. The book integrates the new institutional economic theory into classical corporate finance theory and by doing so contributes to making a new type of textbook, which is quite on time and is likely to become essential reading for all graduate students in corporate finance and microeconomics and for everyone interested in these disciplines.

Contemporary Principles of Heterodox Political Economy

2009 ◽  
pp. 38-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ph. O’Hara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Ethnic Discrimination ◽  
Mainstream Economics ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Historical Specificity ◽  
Scientific Results

In this analytical review the author describes the main trends in the modern heterodox political economy as an alternative to mainstream economics. Historical specificity as well as the contradictory and uneven character of economic development are examined in detail. The author also discusses problems of class, gender and ethnic discrimination and their influence on economic growth. It is shown that there are tendencies to convergence of different theoretical perspectives and schools, common themes, topics of research and conceptual apparatus are being formed. The forces of integration and differentiation help establish new ideas and receive interesting scientific results in such fields as development economics, macroeconomics and international economics.

The Blue Flower and the Account Book

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Anne F. Hyde
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
North American ◽  
American West ◽  
Fur Trade ◽  
Blue Flower ◽  
Racial Category ◽  
North American West ◽  
Mixed Blood ◽  
Anglo American

This essay, a revised version of the August 2015 talk, examines the story of two mixed-blood women, indigenous and Anglo American, who lived in the fur trade North American West. The essay examines a racial category, mixed blood or “half-breed” and considers the challenges for people who lived in and used that category in the nineteenth century. The essay illuminates the challenges of using different kinds of personal records to understand how these nineteenth-century women might have thought about identity, a word they never would have used.

The Roman Aura in Henry James’s Daisy Miller: A Study (1878)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Carlos Rowe
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Roman Empire ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Global Power ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Classical Culture

Concentrating on Henry James’s Daisy Miller, this chapter reveals its author engaging in arguments over the decline and fall of the Roman Empire among nineteenth-century Anglo-American writers and over the best means of using Rome’s example as a warning to contemporaries. The novella’s Roman setting and frequent references to classical culture both extend Anglo-American Romantics’ emphasis on the Roman failure to develop a comprehensive democracy and allow James to pursue his own interest in post-Civil War America as an emerging global power. Departing from earlier interpretations of Rome’s importance within Daisy Miller, this chapter argues that James employs the character of Daisy to reconceive Rome’s relevance to central issues of class and gender. If James rejects aspects of contemporary American feminism embodied by such classically inspired artists as Harriet Hosmer and Maria Louisa Lander, he nevertheless makes his unsophisticated heroine, Daisy, into a means of expressing his democratic vision.

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