scholarly journals Multipotent Dental Stem Cells: An Alternative Adult Derived Stem Cell Source for Regenerative Medicine

10.5772/24918 ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammy Laberge ◽  
Herman S.
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Cell Source

Effects of Chemical and Physical Shear-Stress Stimulation of Human Placenta-Derived Multipotent Stem Cells in Microchannel

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chia-Wen Tsao ◽  
Meng-Zhi Chiang ◽  
Yu-Che Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Term Placenta ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Multipotent Cells ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Stimulation Of

Multipotent cells obtain from human postpartum term placenta is an ethically conductive, easily accessible and high-yielding stem cell source. In this conference presentation, we demonstrate using microchannel platform to culture and differentiate the human placenta-derived stem cells. Both chemical and shear stress stimulation effects were investigated.

Radiation Dose Determines Degree of Donor Chimerism after Nonmyeloablative Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1828-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Kahl ◽  
Marco Mielcarek ◽  
Mineo Iwata ◽  
Michael Harkey ◽  
Barry Storer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Donor Chimerism ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Cd34 Cells ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Total Body

Abstract Efforts to replace total body irradiation (TBI) used for transplant conditioning with agents that have less acute and long-term toxicities require a better understanding of the biological effects of low dose TBI. We therefore retrospectively analyzed the role of radiation dose, stem cell source, and type of immunosuppression on both the stability and degree of donor chimerism in canine recipients of matched littermate hematopoietic cell transplants. Recipients were prepared with 200 cGy (n=26), 100 cGy (n=76) or 50 cGy (n=19) total body irradiation (TBI) at 7 cGy/min. Stem cell sources included bone marrow (BM) alone (n=58), BM plus G-CSF mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (G-PBMC) (n=42), BM and CD14-depleted G-PBMC (n=13), or BM and T-cell-depleted G-PBMC (n=8). Posttransplant immunosuppression consisted of cyclosporin (CSP) only (n=53), CSP plus mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (n=23), CSP and rapamycin (n=12), CSP, MMF and rapamycin (n=5); or CSP and MMF in combination with pretransplant immunosuppression (n=28). The percentage of donor granulocytes in the peripheral blood, as determined by PCR amplification of variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTR), served as a marker for engraftment. TBI dose and stem cell source were both significantly associated with long-term (>26 weeks) stable engraftment in multivariate analysis (p=0.0001 and p=0.004, respectively). Among the 39 dogs with stable engraftment, however, TBI dose was the only factor examined that was associated with the degree of donor chimerism (mean % of donor granulocytes after 200 cGy, 100 cGy and 50 cGy of TBI: 65%, 52%, and 24%, respectively; p=0.008). To determine whether low-dose irradiation directly affected recipient stem/progenitor cell numbers and thereby conferred a competitive disadvantage to donor cells, CD34+ cells were isolated from two normal human donors. One preparation of CD34 cells was ex vivo irradiated (=200 cGy) and then injected into NOD/SCID beta2m-/- mice in combination with an equal number of unirradiated CD34 cells from the second donor. The contributions of each donor to human engraftment were assessed at 10 weeks by VNTR. After 200 cGy, the irradiated population contributed 74% less than expected, 24% less after 100 cGy, but only 6% less after 50 cGy. Flow analysis of Caspase-3 activation indicated that a significant percentage of cells irradiated with 200 cGy were apoptotic, and that this was associated with the loss of L-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1. In conclusion, our findings suggest that TBI, in addition to its well-characterized immunosuppressive effects, determines the degree of donor cell engraftment by directly compromising recipient stem cells, thereby providing a competitive advantage to donor stem cells.

Pre-/Post-HSCT Imatinib Improves Survival of Childhood with BCR/ABL+ Acute and Chronic Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 124 (21) ◽  
pp. 5248-5248
Author(s):  
Fuyu Pei ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Wenfeng Xu ◽  
Zhiyong Peng ◽  
Xuedong Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Myelogenous Leukemia ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cell Source

Abstract Objective:To evaluate the effect of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for children with leukemia in our center in recent years. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 87 patients with leukemia underwent HSCT at a median age of 8 years from February 2006 to December 2013 in our center. The median follow-up time was 28 months (range, 2-96), the ratio of male to female patients was 59:28. Conditioning regimen included cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, busulfan with or without (w/o) thiotepa. Anti-thymocyte globulin and cytarabine were individually used for the patients with lymphoid leukemia and myeloid leukemia. GVHD prophylaxis included tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil w/o post-transplant cyclophosphamide. Median nucleated cells: 3.75 (1.16`7.56) × 107/Kg. Patients with BCR/ABL+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) received imatinib before and after transplant over 6 months per each one. Twenty-six patients received transplant from sibling donors, 31 from haploidentical donor, 30 from unrelated donors; Status before transplant were grouped as CR1 (n= 57), CR 2 (n=13), CR 3 (n=1) and NR (n=16). Source of stem cells included PBSC in 40 cases, UCB in 3 cases, BM in 24 cases, BM+PBSC in 9 cases, and mixed stem cells (BM /PBSC+ UCB) in 11 cases. Results: The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) was 56.8 ± 5.8% in total.Among them, OS was 54.3 ± 8.0% in 45 patients with ALL; 85.7 ± 13.2% in 8 patients with BCR/ABL+ALL; 48.6 ± 8.7% in 37 patients with BCR/ABL-ALL. 32.8 ± 15% in 29 patients with acute myeloid leukemia and 82.5 ± 11.3% in 13 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia, respectively. Single factor analysis showed there was no significant difference for OS in comparison of BCR/ABL+ALL, BCR/ABL-ALL, AML and CML (P=0.057), but patients with BCR/ABL+ALL had higher OS compared to those with BCR/ABL-ALL (P=0.048) and to AML (P=0.040). In comparison of difference status before transplant, OS were 55.2 ± 11.6%, 54.9 ± 15.6%, 0,and 27.5 ± 11.6% in CR1, CR2, CR3 and NR, respectively (P=0.025). OS was higher in CR1 than NR (P=0.005). When comparing stem cell source, OS was 65.5 ± 8.5%, 0%, 41.7 ± 11.4%, 33.3 ± 15.7%, and 72 ± 17.8% in PBSC, unrelated CB (UCB), BM, BM+PBSC, and BM/PBSC+UCB transplants, respectively (P=0.003); PBSC transplant associated with higher OS than BM (P=0.049) and BM+PBSC (P=0.009); and BM/PBSC+UCB mixed transplant had highest OS (P=0.026). Multivariate analysis showed Risk factors for OS only remained stem cell source (P=0.046) and status before transplantation (P=0.048). the transplant types (P=0.023), and follow up time(P=0.017). Conclusion: Comparing with data reported in literature we have similar outcomesin total for childhood with leukemia. Use of imatinib pre-/post-transplant for patients with BCR/ABL+ALL conduces to the highest OS in current study. Stem cell sources and the status before transplant have a significant effect on OS. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Dental Stem Cell Banking and Applications of Dental Stem Cells for Regenerative Medicine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karley Bates ◽  
Vincent S. Gallicchio
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Dental Stem Cells ◽  
Multipotent Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell Banking

Since the identification of mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell biology is a greatly researched field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering therapies and has become an essential part of dentistry. Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into many cell types. Dental mesenchymal stem cell populations have been identified in dental pulp, human exfoliated deciduous teeth, periodontal ligament, dental follicle of third molars, tooth germ of third molars, gingiva of periodontium, alveolar bone, and apical papilla. Dental stem cells are the most natural, noninvasive source of stem cells that have been identified, and they have gained recent attention due to their accessibility and the associated relatively low cost of integration into regenerative therapy. Long-term preservation of dental stem cells is becoming a popular consideration and mirrors the ideology of banking umbilical cord blood. This review outlines the recent progress in the mesenchymal stem cells used in dentistry as well as some advancements that are being made in preserving dental stem cells for future personalized medicine. The aim of this study was to completely and concisely review the current use of adult dental stem cells specifically oral sources of stem cells, banking of dental stem cells, and applications or uses of dental stem cells specifically in oral regions and in a clinical setting.

scholarly journals Clinical Factors Influencing Phenotype of HCMV-Specific CD8+ T Cells and HCMV-Induced Interferon-Gamma Production after Allogeneic Stem Cells Transplantation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Gayoso ◽  
Sara Cantisán ◽  
Carolina Cerrato ◽  
Joaquín Sánchez-García ◽  
Carmen Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Source ◽  
Cell Source ◽  
Hcmv Replication ◽  
Two Parameters

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection causes significant morbidity and mortality after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this work, we characterized the phenotype and interferon-gamma (INF-γ) production of HCMV-specific T cells using QuantiFERON-HCMV assay in 26 patients 6 months after HSCT. We analysed whether these two parameters were associated with clinical variables. Our results showed that the patients receiving stem cells from donors ≥40 years old were 12 times more likely to have HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells with “differentiated phenotype” (CD45RA+CCR7+ ≤6.7% and CD28+ ≤30%) than patients grafted from donors <40 years old (OR=12;P=0.014). In addition, a detectable IFN-γproduction in response to HCMV peptides (cutoff 0.2 IU/mL IFN-γ; “reactive” QuantiFERON-HCMV test) was statistically associated with HCMV replication after transplantation (OR=11;P=0.026), recipients ≥40 versus <40 years old (OR=11;P=0.026), and the use of peripheral blood versus bone marrow as stem cell source (OR=17.5;P=0.024). In conclusion, donor age is the only factor significantly associated with the presence of the “differentiated phenotype” in HCMV-specific CD8+ T cells, whereas HCMV replication after transplantation, recipient age, and stem cell source are the factors associated with the production of IFN-γin response to HCMV epitopes.

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