scholarly journals The Role of Phonological Processing in Dyslexia in the Spanish Language

Author(s):  
Juan E.
2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3700-3713
Author(s):  
Saleh Shaalan

Purpose This study examined the performance of Gulf Arabic–speaking children with developmental language disorder (DLD) on a Gulf Arabic nonword repetition (GA-NWR) test and compared it to their age- and language-matched groups. We also investigated the role of syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity in light of NWR theories. Method A new GA-NWR test was conducted with three groups of Gulf Arabic–speaking children: school-age children with DLD, language-matched controls (LCs), and age-matched controls (ACs). The test consisted of two- and three-syllable words that either had no clusters, medial clusters, final clusters, or medial + final clusters. Results The GA-NWR distinguished between the performance of children with DLD and the LC and AC groups. Results showed significant syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity effects. Differences between the DLD and typically developing groups were seen in two- and three-syllable nonwords; however, when compared on nonwords with no clusters, children with DLD were not significantly different from the LC group. Conclusions The GA-NWR test differentiated between children with DLD and their ACs and LCs. Findings, therefore, support its clinical utility in this variety of Arabic. Results showed that phonological processing factors, such as phonological complexity, may have stronger effects when compared to syllable length effects. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12996812


Author(s):  
Craig Allen

The first completely researched history of U.S. Spanish-language television traces the rise of two foremost, if widely unrecognized, modern American enterprises—the Spanish-language networks Univision and Telemundo. It is a standard scholarly history constructed from archives, original interviews, reportage, and other public materials. Occasioned by the public’s wakening to a “Latinization” of the U.S., the book demonstrates that the emergence of Spanish-language television as a force in mass communication is essential to understanding the increasing role of Latinos and Latino affairs in modern American society. It argues that a combination of foreign and domestic entrepreneurs and innovators who overcame large odds resolves a significant and timely question: In an English-speaking country, how could a Spanish-speaking institution have emerged? Through exploration of significant and colorful pioneers, continuing conflicts and setbacks, landmark strides, and ongoing controversies—and with revelations that include regulatory indecision, behind-the-scenes tug-of-war, and the internationalization of U.S. mass media—the rise of a Spanish-language institution in the English-speaking U.S. is explained. Nine chapters that begin with Spanish-language television’s inception in 1961 and end 2012 chronologically narrate the endeavor’s first 50 years. Events, passages, and themes are thoroughly referenced.


2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keiyu Niikuni ◽  
Toshiaki Muramoto ◽  
Yuko Fukaya

Author(s):  
O. A. Shabas ◽  
◽  
P. M. Shekhavtsova ◽  

This article describes the concept of „euphemism” in the Spanish-language media in the context of the information-hybrid war in the eastern part of Ukraine. We have investigated the ways of the emergence and spread of euphemisms in the sphere of the Spanish-speaking environment. We also analyzed the concept of "information-hybrid warfare", which is constantly used in everyday politics, especially considering the situation in the east of Ukraine, to designate a deliberately negative, inappropriate, informational impact of one state to another due to various psychological manipulations. In addition, in our research work we found out that Western media, as well as Spanish, usually use more laconic or simplified speech to present information concerning other states. At any rate, we figured out that most of the Spanish publishers try to be more delicate and objective in informing people of the country by looking at the situation from different angles. By analyzing journalistic materials contained in Spanish publicistic sources, we identified politically correct innovations, regarding the armed conflict in Eastern Ukraine, which were mostly adopted. Based on the example of one of the Spanish publishing house articles of Universidad de Navarra, we created a comparative table, based on which we divided the euphemistic expressions used by Spanish journalists into 2 main linguistic groups. The first group includes veiled expressions, and the other - the replacement of veiled units with words with a direct meaning in the context of the article, but still in a more relaxed sense. Eventually, euphemisms have become an integral part of military journalism in the context of information-hybrid warfare, which have gained particular popularity in the last decade.


2016 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 741-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Darcy ◽  
Joan C. Mora ◽  
Danielle Daidone

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1442-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Tanaka ◽  
Jessica M. Black ◽  
Charles Hulme ◽  
Leanne M. Stanley ◽  
Shelli R. Kesler ◽  
...  

Although the role of IQ in developmental dyslexia remains ambiguous, the dominant clinical and research approaches rely on a definition of dyslexia that requires reading skill to be significantly below the level expected given an individual’s IQ. In the study reported here, we used functional MRI (fMRI) to examine whether differences in brain activation during phonological processing that are characteristic of dyslexia were similar or dissimilar in children with poor reading ability who had high IQ scores (discrepant readers) and in children with poor reading ability who had low IQ scores (nondiscrepant readers). In two independent samples including a total of 131 children, using univariate and multivariate pattern analyses, we found that discrepant and nondiscrepant poor readers exhibited similar patterns of reduced activation in brain areas such as left parietotemporal and occipitotemporal regions. These results converge with behavioral evidence indicating that, regardless of IQ, poor readers have similar kinds of reading difficulties in relation to phonological processing.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document