scholarly journals Antimicrobial Usage for the Management of Mastitis in the USA: Impacts on Antimicrobial Resistance and Potential Alternative Approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benti D. Gelalcha ◽  
Getahun E. Agga ◽  
Oudessa Kerro Dego
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Usage ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Run Off ◽  
The Usa

Mastitis is the most frequently diagnosed disease of dairy cattle responsible for the reduction in milk quantity and quality and major economic losses. Dairy farmers use antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of mastitis. Frequent antimicrobial usage (AMU) undeniably increased antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria from dairy farms. Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria (ARB) from dairy farms can spread to humans directly through contact with carrier animals or indirectly through the consumption of raw milk or undercooked meat from culled dairy cows. Indirect spread from dairy farms to humans can also be through dairy manure fertilized vegetables or run-off waters from dairy farms to the environment. The most frequently used antibiotics in dairy farms are medically important and high-priority classes of antibiotics. As a result, dairy farms are considered one of the potential reservoirs of ARB and antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). To mitigate the rise of ARB in dairy farms, reducing AMU by adopting one or more of alternative disease control methods such as good herd health management, selective dry-cow therapy, probiotics, and others is critically important. This chapter is a concise review of the effects of antimicrobials usage to control mastitis in dairy cattle farms and its potential impact on human health.

scholarly journals Biosecurity and herd health management practices on Canadian dairy farms

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 9536-9547 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Denis-Robichaud ◽  
D.F. Kelton ◽  
C.A. Bauman ◽  
H.W. Barkema ◽  
G.P. Keefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Herd Health

scholarly journals The Genetic Relatedness and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Mastitis-Causing Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from New Zealand Dairy Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Sabrina S. Greening ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Anne C. Midwinter ◽  
David A. Wilkinson ◽  
Scott McDougall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Bovine Mastitis ◽  
Subclinical Mastitis ◽  
Antimicrobial Usage ◽  
Dry Cow Therapy ◽  
Usage Patterns ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of bovine mastitis worldwide and is a common indication for use of antimicrobials on dairy farms. This study aims to investigate the association between on-farm antimicrobial usage and the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of mastitis-causing S. aureus. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on 57 S. aureus isolates derived from cows with either clinical or subclinical mastitis from 17 dairy herds in New Zealand. The genetic relatedness between isolates was examined using the core single nucleotide polymorphism alignment whilst AMR and virulence genes were identified in-silico. The association between gene presence-absence and sequence type (ST), antimicrobial susceptibility and dry cow therapy treatment was investigated using Scoary. Altogether, eight STs were identified with 61.4% (35/57) belonging to ST-1. Furthermore, 14 AMR-associated genes and 76 virulence-associated genes were identified, with little genetic diversity between isolates belonging to the same ST. Several genes including merR1 which is thought to play a role in ciprofloxacin-resistance were found to be significantly overrepresented in isolates sampled from herds using ampicillin/cloxacillin dry cow therapy. Overall, the presence of resistance genes remains low and current antimicrobial usage patterns do not appear to be driving AMR in S. aureus associated with bovine mastitis.

scholarly journals Examination of Optimal Benchmarks for Herd Health Management of Dairy Farms in an Area of Eastern Hokkaido

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-16
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi TAKIFUJI ◽  
Ken NAKADA ◽  
Shin OIKAWA ◽  
Ai SHIBANO ◽  
Shinji HOSHIBA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Herd Health

scholarly journals Benefits of Veterinary Herd Health Management on German Dairy Farms: Status Quo and Farmers' Perspective

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Ries ◽  
Katharina Charlotte Jensen ◽  
Kerstin-Elisabeth Müller ◽  
Christa Thöne-Reineke ◽  
Roswitha Merle
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Herd Health ◽  
Dairy Farmers ◽  
Cross Sectional

Veterinary Herd Health Management plays an important role in veterinary medicine on dairy farms and has also been mandatory at the European Union level since April 21, 2021. Despite the increasing importance of VHHM, little is known about the extent of utilization of VHHM by dairy farmers and their view on this type of collaboration. Therefore, this cross-sectional study aimed to determine the status quo of the currently practiced VHHM in Germany. For this purpose, an online survey was conducted among dairy farmers in November and December 2020. From 216 analyzed questionnaires, about half (n = 106) of the surveyed dairy farmers used VHHM at different scopes. However, regardless of the group, the term “veterinary herd health management” generally was given most relative importance by the participants as a veterinary service for herd fertility improvement, rather than the actual definition of a holistic approach. In contrast to this, the actual motivation of the VHHM participants, to take part in such a program was primarily based on the desire to safeguard animal health by employing preventive measures, that is, to avoid the occurrence of diseases via improved management and to improve farm performance (and profitability). Dairy farmers who opted for VHHM tended to manage larger higher yielding herds than those who did not. Additionally, the farmers in latter farms were more likely to make joint animal health decisions with their veterinarians. Using a latent class analysis, two groups of farmers among farms that were not currently using VHHM were identified, one of which expressed great interest in using VHHM while the other did not. Since the new legal basis makes the topic even more relevant than before, dairy farmers, animals, and veterinarians might benefit from the study to exploit hidden opportunities for VHHM collaboration.

Efficiency of dairy farms participating and not participating in veterinary herd health management programs

2014 ◽  
Vol 117 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 478-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein Derks ◽  
Henk Hogeveen ◽  
Sake R. Kooistra ◽  
Tine van Werven ◽  
Loren W. Tauer
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Herd Health
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