scholarly journals Molecular Approaches to Address Intended and Unintended Effects and Substantial Equivalence of Genetically Modified Crops

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lerato B.T. Matsaunyane ◽  
Ian A. Dubery
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Substantial Equivalence ◽  
Molecular Approaches

Metabolomics and the Detection of Unintended Effects in Genetically Modified Crops

2009 ◽  
pp. 505-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Shintu ◽  
Gwénaëlle Le Gall ◽  
Ian J. Colquhoun
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Unintended Effects

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Genetically-Modified Crops: Conditional Equivalence Criteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changjian Jiang ◽  
Chen Meng ◽  
Adam W. Schapaugh ◽  
Huizhe Jin
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Genotypic Differences ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Equivalence Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Equivalence Criterion ◽  
The Difference ◽  
New Criterion ◽  
The Given

AbstractThe comparative assessment of genetically-modified (GM) crops relies on the principle of substantial equivalence, which states that such products should be compared to conventional counterparts that have an established history of safe use. In an effort to operationalize this principle, the GMO Panel of the European Food Safety Authority proposed an equivalence test that directly compares a GM test variety with a set of unrelated, conventionally-bred reference varieties with part of the difference as the known background of the test (the same as the given control). The criterion of the EFSA test, however, is defined solely by genotypic differences between the non-traited control and reference varieties (i.e. the background effect) while assuming the so-called GM trait effect as zero. As the outcome of an EFSA equivalence test is determined primarily by the similarity, or lack thereof, of the control and references, a conditional equivalence criterion is proposed in this investigation that focuses on “unintended” effects of a GM trait which is irrespective of the (random) genotypic value of a given control. The new criterion also includes a mean-scaled standard similar to the 80-125% rule for bioequivalence assessment practiced in the pharmaceutical industry as an alternative when the reference variation is zero or close to zero. In addition, optional criteria are proposed with a step-wise procedure to control the rate of false negatives (non-equivalence by chance) providing a comprehensive assessment under multiple comparisons. An application to maize grain composition data demonstrates that the conditional equivalence criterion provides effect-specific and more robust assessment of equivalence than the EFSA criterion did, especially for GM traits showing negligible or no unintended effects which are likely true for most traits in the current market.

Unintended effects in genetically modified crops: revealed by metabolomics?

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heiko Rischer ◽  
Kirsi-Marja Oksman-Caldentey
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Unintended Effects

Unintended effects and their detection in genetically modified crops

2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1089-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Cellini ◽  
A Chesson ◽  
I Colquhoun ◽  
A Constable ◽  
H.V Davies ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Unintended Effects

scholarly journals Genetically modified food

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 231
Author(s):  
F. PAPPAS (Φ. ΠΑΠΠΑΣ) ◽  
M. STEFANIDOU (Μ. ΣΤΕΦΑΝΙΔΟΥ)
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Genetically Modified Food ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Substantial Equivalence ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Post Marketing Surveillance ◽  
Starting Point

International consensus has been reached on the principles regarding evaluation of the food safety of genetically modified plants. The concept of substantial equivalence has been developed as part of a safety evaluation framework, based on the idea that existing foods can serve as a basis for comparing the properties of genetically modified foods with the appropriate counterpart. Substantial equivalence is a starting point in the safety evaluation, rather than an endpoint of the assessment. The development and validation of new profiling methods, such as DNA microarray technology, proteomics and metabonomics for the identification and characterization of unintended effects, which may occur as a result of the genetic modification, is recommended. The assessment of the allergenicity of newly inserted proteins and of marker genes is discussed. Also, the post-marketing surveillance of the foods derived from genetically modified crops is imperative.

Genetically modified crops in Africa: Economic and policy lessons from countries south of the Sahara

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Benjamin Falck-Zepeda ◽  
Guillaume Gruère ◽  
Idah Sithole-Niang
Keyword(s):  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document