scholarly journals Mitigation of Emissions through Injection Strategies for C I Engine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayashri N. Nair
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Multiple Injection Strategy ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Dwell Period ◽  
Number Of Injections ◽  
Injection Strategies

Fuel conversion efficiency is high with diesel engines compared to petrol engines. However high emissions from diesel is a matter of concern and its mitigation paves way for scope of research. Exhaust gas recirculation is one of the method widely accepted to curb NOx emissions. Recently, split or multiple-injection strategy has been explored by researchers to precisely control the fuel injected per cycle and also to mitigate emissions. Present work reflects technical review of effect of injection strategies on performance, emissions and combustion on C.I. engine with diesel and biodiesel as fuel. Injection strategies like duration of injection, number of injections, the dwell period between two injections, quantity of injection, and multiple injections are analyzed for their influence on engine output and brake specific fuel consumption. Also their effect on emissions especially soot and NOx emission are reviewed. First the effect of injection strategies with diesel fuel is discussed followed by biodiesel.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Fuel Injection Strategies for Emission Performance in Marine Two-Stroke Engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 4523-4528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enxing Zhang ◽  
Xingyu Liang ◽  
Fei Zhang ◽  
Peijian Yang ◽  
Xinyi Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Emission Performance ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Stroke Engine ◽  
Injection Strategies

scholarly journals Low Temperature Combustion with Multiple Injection Strategies in Single Cylinder Diesel Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 779-785
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Low Temperature Combustion ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
Multiple Injections ◽  
Temperature Combustion ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Injection Strategies

Low-temperature combustion(LTC) with multiple injection strategies is a recent trend for NOx and soot reduction in single-cylinder diesel engines. This paper presents a technical study of past research carried out on multiple injections, which are pilot I and pilot II injection before main injection, to decrease engine soot to meet emission legislation while upholding efficiency and decrease or eliminate exhaust after treatment. Previous research indicates that extending ignition lag to enhance the proper premixing, and controlling temperature of combustion to optimal level using Exhaust Gas Recirculation, have been accepted as an important aspect to attain low temperature combustion. In this paper, we first discuss the effect pilot I injection and pilot II injection strategy through varied injection quantity and time range. Thereafter, we briefly review how pilot II injection provides better results compared with the pilot I injection, which is by reason of better premixing, improves the turbulent effect and lowers the emission. Next, we provide a broad overview of the collected works on the effect of injection pressure, temperature and rate of exhaust gas recirculation on engine emissions. We conclude by identifying a few dependencies of engine parameters in low-temperature combustion by multiple injections so as to reduce the engine emissions.

Biodiesel Combustion and Emissions in Engines Using Modern Common-Rail Fuel Injection Systems

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashanth K. Karra ◽  
Matthias K. Veltman ◽  
Song-Charng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Common Rail ◽  
Injection System ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Fuel Injection System ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Recirculation

This study performed experimental testing of a multi-cylinder diesel engine using different blends of biodiesel and diesel fuel. The engine used an electronically-controlled common-rail fuel injection system to achieve a high injection pressure. The operating parameters that were investigated included the injection pressure, injection timing, and exhaust gas recirculation rate. Results showed that biodiesel generally reduced soot emissions and increased NOx emissions. The increase in NOx emissions was not due to the injection timing shift when biodiesel was used because the present fuel injection system was able to give the same fuel injection timing. At high exhaust gas recirculation rates, emissions using regular diesel and 20% biodiesel blends are very similar while 100% biodiesel produces relatively different emission levels. Therefore, the increase in NOx emissions may not be a concern when 20% biodiesel blends are used with high exhaust gas recirculation rates in order to achieve low temperature combustion conditions.

scholarly journals Multiobjective Optimisation of a Marine Dual Fuel Engine Equipped with Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Air Bypass Systems

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5021
Author(s):  
Sokratis Stoumpos ◽  
Gerasimos Theotokatos
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Dual Fuel ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Brake Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Gas Recirculation ◽  
Optimisation Techniques

Dual fuel engines constitute a viable solution for enhancing the environmental sustainability of the shipping operations. Although these engines comply with the Tier III NOx emissions regulations when operating at the gas mode, additional measures are required to ensure such compliance at the diesel mode. Hence, this study aimed to optimise the settings of a marine four-stroke dual fuel (DF) engine equipped with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and air bypass (ABP) systems by employing simulation and optimisation techniques, so that the engine when operating at the diesel mode complies with the ‘Tier III’ requirements. A previous version of the engine thermodynamic model was extended to accommodate the EGR and ABP systems modelling. Subsequently, a combination of optimisation techniques including multiobjective genetic algorithms (MOGA) and design of experiments (DoE) parametric runs was employed to identify both the engine and the EGR/ABP systems settings with the objective to minimise the engine brake specific fuel consumption and reduce the NOx emissions below the Tier III limit. The derived simulation results were employed to analyse the EGR system involved interactions and their effects on the engine performance and emissions trade-offs. A sensitivity analysis was performed to reveal the interactions between considered engine settings and quantify their impact on the engine performance parameters. The derived results indicate that EGR rates up to 35% are required, so that the investigated engine with EGR and ABP systems, when operating at the diesel mode, achieves compliance with the ‘Tier III’ NOx emissions, whereas the associated engine brake specific fuel consumption penalty is up to 8.7%. This study demonstrates that the combination of EGR and ABP systems can constitute a functional solution for achieving compliance with the stringent regulatory requirements and provides a better understating of the underlined phenomena and interactions of the engine subsystems parameters variations for the investigated engine equipped with EGR and ABP systems.

Combustion of Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil in a Diesel Engine: Sensitivity to Split Injection Strategy and Exhaust Gas Recirculation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Mikulski ◽  
Jacek Hunicz ◽  
Aneesh Vasudev ◽  
Arkadiusz Rybak ◽  
Michał Gęca
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Soot Emissions ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Abstract This work explores the potential to optimize advanced common-rail engines for operation with hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO). The single-cylinder engine research focuses on adjusting the injection strategy and external exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) to achieve the optimum performance-emissions trade-off using HVO. The engine is operated at a fixed rotational speed of 2000 rpm and under constant load (net indicated mean effective pressure of 0.45 MPa). Split fuel-injection strategy is used: main injection timing is fixed but pilot injection is varied both in terms of timing and quantity. The engine tests, without turbocharging, are conducted under non-EGR conditions and using approximately 27% EGR rate. Results with HVO are compared with results when using diesel fuel. Within the constraints of a single, representative operating point, the results highlight that when using the factory map-based injection strategy, HVO offers soot emissions below 0.015 g/kWh, a 50% reduction when compared to diesel fuel. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions at the same conditions are, however, 10% higher than for diesel fuel. That correlates with higher peak in-cylinder pressures and temperatures. Advancing the pilot HVO injection reduced NOx emissions to the level of the diesel baseline, and although soot emissions increased, they remained 25% lower than with diesel. Interestingly, the two tested fuels exhibited very different responses to EGR. Generally, at 27% EGR, HVO produced twice as much soot as diesel. The heat release analysis indicates this sensitivity to EGR stems from HVO’s higher cetane number causing faster auto-ignition, resulting in less premixed combustion and hence producing more soot. Generally, HVO offered more complete combustion than diesel fuel. Regardless of pilot fuel injection strategy, CO emission was reduced by approximately 50% with HVO for both EGR and non-EGR conditions. HVO also benefits emissions of unburned hydrocarbons, in terms of both total values and also unlegislated aldehydes and aromatics.

Diesel Engine Intake Condition Control-Oriented Models for Active Fuel Injection Profile Control

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengjun Yan ◽  
Junmin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Engines ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Model ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Gas Recirculation

Fueling control in Diesel engines is not only of significance to the combustion process in one particular cycle, but also influences the subsequent dynamics of air-path loop and combustion events, particularly when exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is employed. To better reveal such inherently interactive relations, this paper presents a physics-based, control-oriented model describing the dynamics of the intake conditions with fuel injection profile being its input for Diesel engines equipped with EGR and turbocharging systems. The effectiveness of this model is validated by comparing the predictive results with those produced by a high-fidelity 1-D computational GT-Power engine model.

Reduction of NOx emissions with low viscous biofuel using exhaust gas recirculation technique

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajasekar Rajendran ◽  
J. Paul Udayan Gomez ◽  
M. Mohammed Javed ◽  
Ganesan Subbiah
Keyword(s):  
Exhaust Gas Recirculation ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Reduction Of Nox ◽  
Gas Recirculation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document