scholarly journals Haemodynamic Changes during Preterm Birth Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Szymon Bednarek ◽  
Małgorzata Głogiewicz ◽  
Rafał Adamczak ◽  
Mariusz Dubiel
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Hemodynamic Changes ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Fetal Circulation ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes

The well-being of the fetus depends on the efficiency of its circulatory system and the proper maternal-fetal exchange. Hemodynamic changes can occur due to disturbance of fetal and maternal homeostasis, malformations, pregnancy pathology, and medications. Preterm labor directly affects maternal-fetal haemodynamics, both due to uterine contractions and medications used to inhibit it. Research on maternal-fetal haemodynamics in preterm labor is currently focused mainly on the safety of the used tocolytics. In this chapter, we will discuss the basic principles of fetal haemodynamics, ultrasound methods of maternal-fetal circulation assessment, and the influence of preterm labor on maternal-fetal haemodynamics, with particular emphasis on medications used in threatening and progressive preterm labor.

scholarly journals Preterm Birth Prevention: Effects of Vaginal Progesterone Administration on Blood Flow Impedance in Uterine-Fetal Circulation by Doppler Sonography

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Homeira Vafaei ◽  
Tarlan Zamanpour ◽  
Hadi Raeisi Shahraki
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Short Cervix ◽  
Fetal Circulation ◽  
Doppler Flow ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Vaginal Progesterone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of vaginal progesterone administration on maternal and fetal circulation to prevent preterm birth.</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> The present prospective study was conducted on 35 women with singleton pregnancy at 18–33 weeks of gestation, who presented with at least one episode of preterm labor or asymptomatic short cervix, or past medical history of preterm birth. Doppler flow and Pulsatility Index (PI) assessment of the umbilical artery, fetal middle cerebral artery, uterine arteries, and ductusvenosus were performed before and 72 h after vaginal progesterone administration.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Results showed a significant reduction in the PI of the uterine artery following progesterone administration. Nevertheless, no significant changes were observed in the PI of other vessels. No significant difference was found in Doppler flow parameters in any of the examined vessels before or after progesterone treatment in women with Preterm Labor Pain (PLP). Yet, a statistically significant association was observed between short cervix complication in the current pregnancy and medical history of PLP in the previous pregnancy.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Treatment with vaginal progesterone reduced the PI in the uterine arteries in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Thus, this medication may have useful vasodilatory effects on uterine-fetal vessels.</p>

scholarly journals Intrauterine Infection and Preterm Labor

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Monga ◽  
Jorge D. Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Bacterial Invasion ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Microbial Invasion ◽  
Biochemical Mechanisms

Preterm birth remains the leading cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Evidence suggests that intrauterine infection plays an important role in the pathogenesis of preterm labor. This article reviews the clinical data supporting this theory and the cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which intrauterine infection may initiate uterine contractions. The clinical and laboratory methods of diagnosing clinical chorioamnionitis and asymptomatic bacterial invasion of the intraamniotic cavity are also reviewed. Finally, the management of clinical chorioamnionitis and asymptomatic microbial invasion of the amniotic fluid and the use of adjunctive antibiotic therapy in the treatment of preterm labor are presented.

scholarly journals CyPPA, a positive modulator of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels, inhibits phasic uterine contractions and delays preterm birth in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 301 (5) ◽  
pp. C1027-C1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana V. Skarra ◽  
Trudy Cornwell ◽  
Viktoriya Solodushko ◽  
Amber Brown ◽  
Mark S. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Negative Feedback Regulation ◽  
Uterine Contractions ◽  
Small Conductance

Organized uterine contractions, including those necessary for parturition, are dependent on calcium entry through voltage-gated calcium channels in myometrial smooth muscle cells. Recent evidence suggests that small-conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channels (KCa2), specifically isoforms KCa2.2 and 2.3, may control these contractions through negative feedback regulation of Ca2+ entry. We tested whether selective pharmacologic activation of KCa2.2/2.3 channels might depress uterine contractions, providing a new strategy for preterm labor intervention. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy revealed expression of both KCa2.2 and KCa2.3 in the myometrium of nonpregnant (NP) and pregnant (gestation day 10 and 16; D10 and D16, respectively) mice. Spontaneous phasic contractions of isolated NP, D10, and D16 uterine strips were all suppressed by the KCa2.2/2.3-selective activator CyPPA in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was antagonized by the selective KCa2 inhibitor apamin. Whereas CyPPA sensitivity was reduced in D10 and D16 versus NP strips (pIC50 5.33 ± 0.09, 4.64 ± 0.03, 4.72 ± 0.10, respectively), all contractions were abolished between 30 and 60 μM. Blunted contractions were associated with CyPPA depression of spontaneous Ca2+ events in myometrial smooth muscle bundles. Augmentation of uterine contractions with oxytocin or prostaglandin F2α did not reduce CyPPA sensitivity or efficacy. Finally, in an RU486-induced preterm labor model, CyPPA significantly delayed time to delivery by 3.4 h and caused a 2.5-fold increase in pup retention. These data indicate that pharmacologic stimulation of myometrial KCa2.2/2.3 channels effectively suppresses Ca2+-mediated uterine contractions and delays preterm birth in mice, supporting the potential utility of this approach in tocolytic therapies.

Konsep dan Praktik Pelestarian Lingkungan dalam Hukum Islam

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evra Willya ◽  
Sabil Mokodenseho ◽  
Muh. Idris ◽  
Nasruddin Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Human Relations ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
The Earth

In the Al Qur’an, Allah SWT describes the damages and destructions caused by human actions on land and sea. Therefore, humans are obliged to maintain and preserve their environment for future generations. This obligation aims at protecting their interests, due to the various beneficial sources of life attributed to humans existence on earth. In order to maintain the balance and harmony of human relations with nature, and to realize order and social well-being, Islamic Law upholds some basic principles of social activities, to guarantee an orderly, balanced, and harmonious life for the development and social movements life in a stable and orderly manner. Subsequently, environment pollution and damage to the earth are eradicated, thereby, restoring balance and harmony.

Does “idiopathic” preterm labor resulting in preterm birth exist?

1993 ◽  
Vol 168 (5) ◽  
pp. 1480-1485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luanna Lettieri ◽  
Anthony M. Vintzileos ◽  
John F. Rodis ◽  
S. Mark Albini ◽  
Carolyn M. Salafia
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Preterm Labor

scholarly journals Deep foundations of happiness. Principal fundamentals of different types of understanding happiness

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
L. Samarska ◽  
◽  
N.M. Sas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Time Management ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Free Play ◽  
Deep Foundations ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Definition Of

The choice of the article’s topic is conditioned by the necessity to develop happiness management (such as knowledge management, time management, etc.). With considerable attention to the definition of “happiness”, the analysis of recent publications reveals that it is crucial to understand the deep foundations of happiness, create a typology, reveal the basic principles of different types of understanding of happiness, which was chosen as the topic research. Theoretical approaches to the definition of “happiness” are chosen sociology of imagination of G. Durand, the theory of archetypes of C. Jung, and the theory of images and dreams of G. Bachelard. In the context of this system of views, the idea of happiness is the result of a free play of the imagination, which, while being on the path from past to future, is transformed, revealed, comes accurate as a result of previous collective and individual intermediate ideas, and is enriched and concretised by individual people, social groups, individuals. The mythos of happiness across nations and people differs in the way, method, and tools of individuation, the discovery of the Self. The anthropological tract of happiness has an end to its existence. It is determined by the cessation of existence, the life of nations and individuals. The desire to experience pleasure (according to Freud), the desire to rise (according to Durand) are reflexive, which determines the physiological basis of happiness. Representations of happiness determine priorities, coordinate the direction of thinking, actions, reactions to external circumstances, and choose ways to achieve happiness. This is done through the transcendental function (according to Jung) – a psychological function that arises from the connection of the content of the unconscious with the content of consciousness. Achieving happiness allows one to strengthen the subjectivity and reveal their uniqueness, which allows them to identify typological features (archetypes) of behavioural reactions of people based on individual and group ideas about happiness. The authors reveal the basic foundations of such archetypes of happiness as hedonism, eudemonia, “rat racing”, nihilism, subjective well-being.

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