scholarly journals Clinical Evaluation of Abdominal Wall Hernias

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Intraabdominal Pressure ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Femoral Canal ◽  
Hernia Sac ◽  
Linea Alba ◽  
Surgical Scar ◽  
Umbilical Scar ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Deep Inguinal Ring

Hernia is defined as protrusion of a viscus or part of a viscus through a weakening or defect in the wall of its containing cavity. Areas of potential anatomical weakness includes inguinal canal, femoral canal, linea alba, umbilical scar, as well as acquired surgical trauma. The weakening/defect may be acquired (like surgical scar) or congenital (like deep inguinal ring). Raised intraabdominal pressure is the most important factor that leads to the development of hernia through the weak areas. Clinically, the hernia usually presents with an abdominal swelling that progresses gradually over time. The sites of hernia are characteristic and usually points towards the diagnosis. While evaluating a hernia clinically, it is important to identify the content of the hernia sac and whether it suffers any complication, as well as the cause of the hernia development. Failing to identify these prior to surgery, will likely result in morbidity as well as recurrence. This chapter will focus on the clinical art of history taking and examination of different abdominal hernias.

scholarly journals Congenital malformations in the neonatal unit of Arifin Achmad Hospital, Pekanbaru: occurrence and trends

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 284
Author(s):  
Dewi Anggraini Wisnumurti
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Congenital Malformations ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Normal Birth Weight ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Normal Birth ◽  
Congenital Malforma ◽  
Over Time

Background Congenital malformations are a global and continualissue, contributing to neonatal mortality. The incidence andprevalence, as well as distribution of congenital malformationsvary among countries.Objective To determine the 'prevalence, distribution, and trendsin congenital malformations which are important to develop plansto cope Mth the problem.Methods We reviewed all cases of congenital malformationsadmitted to the Neonatal Unit, Department of Child Health,Arifin Ahmad Hospital from 2008 to 2010. Data were collectedfrom medical records. Diagnoses of congenital malformationswere established by history-taking, physical examination,and specific laboratory tests. Trends in the distribution ofcongenital malformation types, as well as clinical outcomes werehighlighted.Results During the study period there were 2,317 infants admit-ted to the Neonatal Unit, 724 in 2008, 772 in 2009, and 821 in2010. Most patients were referred by other hospitals, at the ageof 0-3 days. Most patients had normal birth weight and were de-livered vaginally. Of the 2,317 infants, 302 were diagnosed withcongenital malformations; the most common congenital malfor-mations were of the digestive tract. The distribution of anomalytypes was relatively constant over time, but the proportion ofpatients Mth congenital malformations discharged alive increasedin the latter two years of the 3-year period studied.Conclusion Most infants in our study had congenital malforma-tions involving the gastrointestinal tract. Distribution trendswere constant over time. Further efforts should be made to bettermanage future cases. [Paediatr lndones. 2012;52:284,8].

IPT for PTSD—Role Transitions

2016 ◽  
pp. 79-98
Author(s):  
John C. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
History Taking ◽  
Role Transitions ◽  
Case Examples ◽  
Interpersonal Problem ◽  
Patient Interactions ◽  
Focal Area ◽  
Over Time

This and the succeeding chapters focus on specific interpersonal problem areas, the focus of treatment for PTSD. This chapter provides a description of how therapists treat role transitions for patients with PTSD, the most common IPT focal area in PTSD. The chapter illustrates this in three extended case examples: Martina, Chuck, and Deborah. The chapter presents vignettes of therapist and patient interactions, including history-taking, formulation, proceedings from treatment sessions, and the termination of treatment. Each patient’s treatment scores are presented over time.

scholarly journals Hernia of the hypogastric linea alba without hernia sac: evidence supporting the vascular lacunae hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 302-303
Author(s):  
Tianhao Xie ◽  
Xiangxiang Ren ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
Xiaoshi Jin
Keyword(s):  
Hernia Sac ◽  
Linea Alba

Sleep in children

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gozal ◽  
Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Daytime Somnolence ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Affective Functioning ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

The impact of poor sleep in the developing child is still tremendously underrated and virtually unexplored. The normative, age-appropriate sleep needs during development remain undefined to a large extent. Furthermore, it remains crucial to realize that relations between sleep duration and cognition, effect, and health are all multi-directional. The most consistent result of insufficient or disrupted sleep is increased daytime somnolence. Thorough sleep history-taking by the healthcare provider and the use of objective sleep assessments are potential first steps and should include the five sleep variables (bedtime, rise time, total sleep duration, variability of sleep over time, and alignment of sleep with other circadian factors). We need to explore the beneficial effects of healthy sleep and how disrupted, shortened, or insufficient sleep may adversely impact on our children’s cognitive and affective functioning, may compromise their health, and may therefore impose a heavy price on our socio-economic structure.

scholarly journals Comparison of Laparoscopic-Assisted and Open Colopexy in Dogs

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 415-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixia Zhang ◽  
Jiantao Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Jiao Shi ◽  
Hongbin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Linea Alba ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
Post Operation ◽  
Postoperative Serum ◽  
Laparoscopic Assisted ◽  
Serum Crp

Abstract The objective of this study was to describe laparoscopic-assisted colopexy (LAC) technique, and compare the extent of the surgical trauma after LAC and open colopexy (OC) by examing postoperative serum values of C-reactive protein (CRP) in dogs. Twelve healthy mixed-breed dogs with body weight ranging from 15 to 25 kg were used. Two portal sites were used for LAC procedures. OC was performed by laparotomy on linea alba. Colopexy was accomplished in all dogs without major intraoperative and postoperative complications. A permanent adhesion between the colon and abdominal wall was observed. There were statistically significant differences in serum CRP levels between LAC and OC immediately after the procedure and 1 d post operation. LAC had a similar pexy effect to OC, but had fewer surgical trauma than OC in dogs.

scholarly journals Stoma location and Parastomal Hernia. A Virtual Simulation Approach.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lluís Tuset ◽  
Manuel López-Cano ◽  
Gerard Fortuny ◽  
Josep M. López ◽  
Joan Herrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Parastomal Hernia ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Intraabdominal Pressure ◽  
Rectus Abdominis Muscle ◽  
Linea Alba ◽  
Simulation Methodology ◽  
Artificial Opening ◽  
Dimensional Finite Element ◽  
Three Dimensional Finite Element

Abstract An ostomy is a surgical procedure by which an artificial opening in the abdominal wall, known as a stoma, is created. We assessthe effects of stoma location on the abdominal wall mechanics. We perform three–dimensional finite element simulations on ananatomy model which was generated on the basis of medical images. Our simulation methodology is entirely based on opensource software. We consider seventeen different locations for the stoma incision (trephine) and we simulate the mechanicalresponse of the abdominal wall when an intraabdominal pressure as high as 20 kPa is applied. We focus on factors relatedto the risk of parastomal hernia development such as the deformation experienced by the abdominal wall, the stress levelssupported by its tissues and the corresponding level of trephine enlargement.No significant dependence was found between stoma location and the levels of abdominal wall deformations or stress supportedby tissues, except for the case with a stoma located on the linea alba. Trephine perimeter and area respectively increased byas much as 44% and 85%. The level of trephine deformation depends on stoma location with considerably higher trephineenlargements found in stomas laterally located with respect to the rectus abdominis muscle.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Computer based simulated patient for teaching history-taking

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
HA Brody ◽  
LF Lucaccini ◽  
M Kamp ◽  
R Rozen
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Patient ◽  
History Taking ◽  
Teaching History ◽  
Computer Based

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

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