scholarly journals Preservative Treatments on Wood and Their Effects on Metal Fasteners

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Bossardi Dias ◽  
Ricardo Marques Barreiros
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Biological Agents ◽  
Natural Resistance ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Biological Degradation ◽  
Sustainable Material ◽  
Fast Growing

Wood as a building material has characteristics that make it attractive environmentally compared to other materials. It is an economic, historical and sustainable material. Many species of wood are naturally resistant to the action of the organisms that degrade them. However, species with this natural resistance are unable to meet the demand for wood and wood-based products, which have been growing year by year. The scarcity of species resistant to biological degradation forced man to use other less durable species, mainly of rapid growth, from reforestation, such as some species of Eucalyptus and Pinus. These species have moderate or no resistance to attack by biological agents and require preservative treatments. And to increase the life span of these fast-growing woods, protecting them from fungi, insects and other xylophagous organisms, several preservative agents are used, these compounds being highly toxic to these biodeteriorating organisms. It is known that the effectiveness of traditional wood preservation systems is due to the biocidal effect of the products used, however, they pollute the environment. Thus, there is an increasing need to develop effective preservative chemicals, non-toxic to humans and the environment.

Cities in the Gulf

2018 ◽  
pp. 1230-1254
Author(s):  
Djamel Boussaa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Historic City ◽  
Ways Of Being

In fast growing cities, such as Dubai, Jeddah and Doha the issue of identity and its implications are increasingly complex and multi-dimensional. Traditionally, people were able to maintain a strong identity in their urban environment because everything was locally influenced, created and managed. In dealing with the question of identity in the present Gulf city, several important concepts are raised; impact of rapid growth and urbanization on the resilient historic centers is one such important issue. This chapter raises and discusses the following question “Will the historic city, the heart of urban life, survive and maintain its place in the emerging global Gulf cities of today and tomorrow?” This study will focus on the three old centers of Dubai, Jeddah and Doha with the aim to explore ways of being undertaken to rediscover their vanishing cultural identities in the mainstream of rapid growth and urbanization that happened since the discovery of oil in the 1950s.

Cities in the Gulf

2016 ◽  
pp. 166-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djamel Boussaa
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Cultural Identities ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
Historic City ◽  
Ways Of Being

In fast growing cities, such as Dubai, Jeddah and Doha the issue of identity and its implications are increasingly complex and multi-dimensional. Traditionally, people were able to maintain a strong identity in their urban environment because everything was locally influenced, created and managed. In dealing with the question of identity in the present Gulf city, several important concepts are raised; impact of rapid growth and urbanization on the resilient historic centers is one such important issue. This chapter raises and discusses the following question “Will the historic city, the heart of urban life, survive and maintain its place in the emerging global Gulf cities of today and tomorrow?” This study will focus on the three old centers of Dubai, Jeddah and Doha with the aim to explore ways of being undertaken to rediscover their vanishing cultural identities in the mainstream of rapid growth and urbanization that happened since the discovery of oil in the 1950s.

The resistance of Pinus radiata to infection by Macrophoma pinea

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC Marks ◽  
G Minko
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Mechanical Barrier ◽  
New Entry

The resistance of wounds made on Pinus radiata to infection by Macrophoma pinea was examined experimentally in the greenhouse and field. A study was made of the anatomy of the epidermal tissues of the leader and stem, of injuries of different ages, and of the recovery stages after inoculation. There were many structural similarities between bark and wound periderm. Both provided mechanical barriers to infection by M. pinea. Wound periderm began to form 3-9 days after injury, and the mechanical barriers appeared after about 18 days. Wounds became resistant to infection after about 3-9 days, which suggests that this resistance was associated with biochemical changes in the uninjured cells lining the wound rather than with the appearance of the mechanical barrier. Superficial injuries occluded rapidly. Wounds on fast-growing trees, however, healed slowly when the cambium was injured; the rapid growth of the xylem continually lifted the callus that was formed over the injury, providing new entry points for M. pinea. This may explain the greater incidence of malformations on very productive sites.

Rate of growth, mature weight and life-span

1962 ◽  
Vol 156 (962) ◽  
pp. 96-108 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Growing Rats ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Lung Infections ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
Slow Growing

Rats which were suckled in large numbers to retard their early growth continued to grow slowly even when they were supplied with unlimited food after weaning, and they became small adults. They lived on the average for about the same length of time as much larger rats which had originally been suckled in small numbers to ensure their unrestricted growth. There was a higher mortality among the slow-growing rats in the first year of life but the effect of this was compensated in the slow-growing females by an increase in life-span among those which survived the first year. No such increase was observed in the surviving slow-growing males, and the slow-growing males as a whole had an appreciably shorter expectation of life than the fast-growing ones. The incidence of lung infections was higher in the slow-growing animals; of kidney disease and of tumours in the fast-growing ones. Kidney disease was more common in males and tumours in females. These findings do not support the view that nutritionally retarded growth necessarily promotes longevity, or that it might increase the life-span of a community.

Suprajit Engineering Limited

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
R. Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Listed Company ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Entrepreneurial Firms ◽  
Growth Strategies ◽  
Automobile Market ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automotive Parts ◽  
Set Up

Suprajit Engineering Limited (SEL) was set up by Mr Ajith Kumar Rai, who serves as its Managing Director, when he returned as a fresh graduate from Canada. Foreseeing a boom in the country’s automobile market, Ajith decided to establish an automotive cable-manufacturing unit. His clarity of vision convinced TVS Motors to invest in setting up Suprajit Engineering as a small, one-unit firm in Bangalore, a fast-growing Indian metro. Beginning in 1987 as a small-scale automotive cable manufacturer, Suprajit is now a public listed company, with some of the world’s biggest automobile companies as clients, products spanning a wide range of automotive and non-automotive parts and eleven manufacturing units. This case traces the inspiring story of Suprajit Engineering Limited and aims to highlight the reasons behind Suprajit’s success and is intended to demonstrate rapid growth strategies of entrepreneurial firms.

Costs of rapid growth: the risk of aggression is higher for fast-growing salmon

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Nicieza ◽  
N. B. Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Fast Growing

Pinus contorta (lodgepole pine).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Jose Cobar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
North America ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Stand Development ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Ecological Amplitude ◽  
Rapid Growth Rate ◽  
The Usa

Abstract P. contorta is a fast-growing, short-lived and fire-adapted two-needled pine species with a very wide ecological amplitude and tolerance. It is an important and valuable timber trees in western North America, with forests dominated by P. contorta covering some 6 million ha in the USA and 20 million ha in Canada (Burns and Honkala, 1990). Because of its rapid growth rate, small taper and thin bark, it produces a higher volume of wood than many of its associates of the same diameter and height. It is a low nutrient-demanding species and easy to regenerate and grow. A common problem of regenerating P. contorta is overstocking which may result in growth stagnation during early stand development on water-deficient, nutrient-poor sites.

The Relationship between Rapid Growth and Pulmonary Hemodynamics in the Fast-growing Broiler Chicken

1989 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 1524-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Peacock ◽  
Cheryl Pickett ◽  
Ken Morris ◽  
John T. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Pulmonary Hemodynamics ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Comparison in Growth, Feeding, and Metabolism Between a Fast-Growing Selective Strain and a Cultured Population of Pearl Oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingzhi Zhang ◽  
Bingcong Ye ◽  
Zhifeng Gu ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
Shouguo Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Ammonia Excretion ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Pearl Oyster ◽  
Pinctada Fucata ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Slow Growth Rate ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Pearl Oysters

Pearl oyster (Pinctada fucata martensii) is the main species cultured for marine pearls in the world. A breeding program was carried out for desirable production traits, including high growth rate, and a fast-growing selective strain of pearl oysters was established. In the current study, we compared the growth characteristics between a selective strain and a cultured population of P. f. martensii in Beihai, Guangxi Province, China. Large size (SL) and small size (SS) individuals of the selective strain were selected, and the differences of physiological and metabolic indexes, such as feeding, respiration, excretion, and enzyme activities between SL and SS and cultured population (CL), were also compared. The results showed that at the age of 6 months, pearl oysters of the selective strain were 14.61% larger than CL, and the proportion of SL (30–40 mm) was 59%, which was two times higher than CL (28%). SL with a rapid growth rate had a high clearance rate (CR), and the CR of SL was about 1.8 times higher than that of CL and 5 times higher than that of SS. In addition, the activities of digestive enzymes (amylase, pepsin, and lipase) and growth-related carbonic anhydrase enzymes in SL were higher than those in the other two groups (p < 0.05). SS with a slow growth rate had higher oxygen consumption (OCR) and ammonia excretion (AER) rates than SL and CL (p < 0.05). Our results suggest that the rapid growth of the selective strain P. f. martensii can be attributed to increased energy intake and reduced energy consumption.

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