Assessment of Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness and Lipid Profile in Term Neonates Born to Smoking Mothers

Background: It is well-known that cigarette smoke contains chemical substances, including nicotine and carbon monoxide, which can have harmful effects on cardiovascular function. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate and compare lipid levels and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CAIMT) among neonates born to smoking and nonsmoking mothers. Methods: This study was conducted on 40 term neonates (over 37 weeks of gestation) within the age range of 0 - 30 days born to smoking mothers (study group) and 34 term neonates born to nonsmoking mothers (control group). Both groups were assessed prospectively for triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and CAIMT. Results: There was no difference in the mean age of mothers between control and study groups (29.0 ± 4.5 vs. 29.3 ± 5.7 years; P = 0.31). The CAIMT was observed as similar between the groups (0.35 ± 0.05 vs. 0.36 ± 0.05 mm in control and study groups, respectively; P = 0.665). Although HDL-C levels were significantly lower in the study group (48.5 ± 16.2 vs. 39.1 ± 17.8 mg/dL; P = 0.021), no difference was observed in LDL-C, TC, and TG levels between the two groups. Conclusions: Based on the results, there were no differences in CAIMT and lipid profile other than low HDL levels between term neonates born to smoking mothers and neonates born to nonsmoking mothers. Atherosclerosis is a disease in which numerous factors play a role in the formation beginning in the fetal period and emerging with clinical findings in advanced age; therefore, it is required to perform further studies with longer follow-up and larger sample size to confirm the present study findings.

Download Full-text

Carotid intima media thickness in obese children: is there an association with hyperlipidemia?

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1515/jpem-2015-0221 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Zehra Esra Önal ◽

Levent Soydan ◽

Hatice Eren Öztürk ◽

Çiğdem Sağ ◽

Tamay Gürbüz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Obese Children ◽

Media Thickness ◽

The Mean

AbstractWe aimed to evaluate the association between hyperlipidemia and carotid intima media thickness in obese children, compared to non-obese ones.Two hundred (110 girls, 90 boys) children aged between 6 and 15 years participated in this study. The obese group included 53 girls, 47 boys whose body mass indices (BMI) above 95th percentile, the control group included 57 girls, 43 boys who had normal weight. Fasting total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were measured. Carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) was performed with neck ultrasound.The median thickness of right, left and mean carotis intima media were statistically higher in the study group, compared to the control group. The mean cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C levels of the study group were statistically higher, compared to the control group. There was no relationship between BMI and left carotis intima media thickness, but there was statistically significant relationship between BMI and right, mean cIMTs in the study group. There was no correlation between serum lipid levels and cIMTs in the study group. The mean atherogenic index of the study group was statistically higher, compared to the control group. There was no statistical correlation between atherogenic index and cIMTs in both of the groups.We observed that obese children had higher carotis intima media thicknesses. Carotis intima media thickness related to obesity can play an important role in future pre-atherosclerotic changes. Large population based studies are required to confirm this associaton.

Download Full-text

Application of the Measurement of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness for Prediction of the Essential Hypertension in Children

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.6.6366 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (6) ◽

pp. 1550-1553

Author(s):

Rosana Manea ◽

Bianca Elena Popovici ◽

Carmen Daniela Neculoiu ◽

Dan Minea ◽

Alina Calin

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Essential Hypertension ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Media Thickness ◽

Hypertension In Children

Hypertension is a major risk factor for progression of the atherosclerotic process and for developing of degenerative cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. The aim of this study is to evaluate how the measurement of carotid intima - media thickness for prediction of essential hypertension in children can be used.The study group included 81 children and the control group 61 children, all aged between 5 - 17 years and 11 months old, and admitted in Children Hospital Brasov in the period of 2009 � 2014. The study protocol included: BMI, blood pressure and Doppler echography of the common carotid artery for each group. Mean age of the patients from the study group was 13.67 years, 43.20 % girls and 56.80 % boys, while in the control group, the mean age was 14.07 years, 54.10% girls and 45.90 % boys. 70.37% of the children from the study group presented obesity, while in the control group 40.98% were obese. The IMTC study group ranged from 0.52 - 0.69 mm and the limits of the normotensive subjects were 0.32 -0.54 mm. In both groups the obese patients were found to have increased carotid artery intima-media, which means that IMTC was positively correlated with BMI (p=0.000001).It is necessary to identify diagnostic methods easily applicable for children, allowing involvement of the characteristics of the arterial wall in the degenerative pathological processes. Increased intima-media ratio is positively correlated with high values of blood pressure.

Download Full-text

Remnant Cholesterol and Common Carotid Artery Intima-Media Thickness in Patients With Ischemic Stroke

Circulation Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1161/circimaging.120.010953 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sifan Qian ◽

Shoujiang You ◽

Yaming Sun ◽

Qiuyi Wu ◽

Xianhui Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Carotid Artery ◽

Common Carotid Artery ◽

Ldl Cholesterol ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Media Thickness ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Remnant Cholesterol

Background: Remnant cholesterol makes great contribution to residual risk of cardiovascular disease, but population-based evidence on the relationship between remnant cholesterol and atherosclerosis is rare. Common carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) is an imaging marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. We aimed to explore the association between remnant cholesterol levels and cIMT in patients with ischemic stroke. Methods: One thousand four hundred ninety-six ischemic stroke patients with baseline serum lipids and carotid artery imaging data were included in this analysis. Fasting remnant cholesterol was calculated as total cholesterol minus HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol minus LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol. Abnormal cIMT was defined as mean cIMT and maximum cIMT value ≥1 mm. Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to assess the relationships between remnant cholesterol levels and abnormal cIMT. Results: The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) for the highest versus lowest quartile of remnant cholesterol were 2.06 (1.46–2.91) for abnormal mean cIMT and 1.70 (1.23–2.35) for abnormal maximum cIMT. There were linear associations between remnant cholesterol levels and both abnormal mean cIMT ( P for linearity, <0.001) and abnormal maximum cIMT ( P for linearity, 0.003). Moreover, the remnant cholesterol–cIMT association remained significant in the subsample of patients with optimal LDL cholesterol levels (n=179). Conclusions: Elevated fasting remnant cholesterol levels were positively associated with mean cIMT and maximum cIMT in patients with ischemic stroke, even in patients with optimal LDL cholesterol levels. Future prospective studies are needed to verify our findings and to assess the effect of remnant cholesterol–lowering interventions in patients with ischemic stroke.

Download Full-text

Correlation between small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and carotid artery intima-media thickness in a healthy Chinese population

Lipids in Health and Disease ◽

10.1186/s12944-015-0143-x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Hao Shen ◽

Li Xu ◽

Jingfen Lu ◽

Tianbo Hao ◽

Chunfang Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Media Thickness ◽

Healthy Chinese

Download Full-text

Relationship between carotid artery intima-media thickness and small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations measured by homogenous assay in Japanese subjects

Clinica Chimica Acta ◽

10.1016/j.cca.2015.01.010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 442 ◽

pp. 110-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Tomoyuki Aoki ◽

Hideki Yagi ◽

Hiroyuki Sumino ◽

Katsuhiko Tsunekawa ◽

Osamu Araki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Media Thickness ◽

Japanese Subjects

Download Full-text

The relationship between C-reactive protein and subclinical carotid arteriosclerosis in military pilots

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp0906465j ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 66 (6) ◽

pp. 465-471

Author(s):

Aleksandra Jovelic ◽

Slavica Radjen ◽

Zoran Hajdukovic ◽

Tibor Canji

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

High Density Lipoprotein ◽

High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Common Carotid Artery ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

High Density ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Cholesterol Ratio ◽

Media Thickness

Background/Aim. Inflammation plays a key role in the physiopathology of arteriosclerosis. C-reactive protein (CRP) and common carotid artery intima-media thickness are independent predictors of cardiovascular events and diabetes mellitus in apparently healthy men, but relationship between them is not fully elucidated. The aim of the study was to assess the cross-sectional relationship between CRP and cardiovascular risk factors with common carotid artery intima-media thickness in military pilots as representatives of healthy men. Methods. We studied 161 military pilots (age 38 ? 6 years) free of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Traditional and metabolic risk factors were determined. Plasma CRP was measured by immunonephelometry. The common carotid artery intima-media thickness was measured by ultrasonography in the posterior wall of both common carotid arteries. Results. A total of 66.5% subjects had common carotid artery intima-media thickness > 0.9 mm (p < 0.01). The mean CRP plasma concentration was significantly higher in the subjects with common carotid artery intima- media thickness > 0.9 mm than in those with common carotid artery intima-media thickness ? 0.9 mm. In a simple regression analysis age adjusted CRP was associated with common carotid artery intima-media thickness (? = 0.285, p < 0.01), and only high density lipoprotein cholesterol was not associated with common carotid artery intima-media thickness. The association between CRP and common carotid artery intima-media thickness remained highly significant after controlling for body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glycosylated hemoglobin and smoking (p < 0.01). Controlling for glucose, triglycerides to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio, and total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio resulted in some reduction in the strength of the association, but including waist circumference in the regression made the relationship no longer significant (p = 0.119). Body mass index (? = 0.352; p < 0.01), total cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (? = 0.334; p < 0.01) and age (? = 0.190; p = 0.036) were the independent predictors of common carotid artery intima-media thickness. Conclusions. In the studied group of healthy men CRP per se is not an independent predictor of early arteriosclerosis, and may mediate the effect of certain traditional risk factors, especially visceral obesity, on promoting aterogenesis.

Download Full-text

The effect of alendronate sodium on carotid artery intima-media thickness and lipid profile in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2008.07.098 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. S83

Author(s):

Murat Celiloglu ◽

Yunus Aydın

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Postmenopausal Osteoporosis ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Alendronate Sodium ◽

Media Thickness

Download Full-text

Early detection of premature atherosclerosis in β-thalassemia patients by measuring carotid intima-media thickness

QJM ◽

10.1093/qjmed/hcaa063.005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

W E Ibrahim ◽

O I Youssef ◽

H G A Ali ◽

D M A Alnagar

Keyword(s):

Carotid Artery ◽

Early Detection ◽

Iron Overload ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Intima Media Thickness ◽

Thalassemia Major ◽

Beta Thalassemia ◽

Thalassemia Intermedia ◽

Premature Atherosclerosis ◽

Media Thickness

Abstract Background Beta-thalassemia patients still suffer from many complications. Transfused patients may develop complications related to iron overload including growth retardation and failure or delay of sexual maturation, cardiac involvement (dilated cardiomyopathy or rarely arrhythmia), liver (fibrosis and cirrhosis), endocrine glands (diabetes mellitus, hypogonadism, insufficiency of parathyroid, thyroid, pituitary and less commonly, adrenal glands). Purpose The present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of Carotid artery intima media thickness (CIMT) measurement as an early detector of premature atherosclerosis in beta-thalassemia children and early adolescents and its relation to biochemical risk factors as iron overload and lipid profile. Patients and Method Twenty-two β-thalassemia major (TM), 8 β-thalassemia intermedia (TI) with confirmed diagnosis of beta-thalassemia (major and intermedia) proved by clinical and laboratory investigations, frequent blood transfusion, chelation therapy with their age ranging from 10 to18 years old and 30 age-and sex matched healthy controls were included. Lipid profile (by colorimetric assay), serum ferritin, and CIMT measurements using high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography were estimated. Results CIMT of thalassemic patients (major and intermedia) was highly significantly increased compared to controls with no significant difference between β-thalassemia major and β thalassemia intermedia groups could be detected. CIMT was positively correlated with serum ferritin, TG, Total cholesterol level in both diseased groups and LDL level in B-TM group only. This provides a good evidence of the presence of premature atherosclerosis in vascular-free TM and TI patients and its relation to increased body iron and dyslipidemia. Conclusion Carotid artery intima media thickness represented a simple, accurate and non-invasive method for early detection of premature atherosclerosis which started early in β- thalassemia patients This study identified a relationship between body iron status, dyslipidemia and increased carotid IMT..

Download Full-text