Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the biggest killer globally and atherosclerosis (AS) is the
major trigger to this pathology. Abnormal cholesterol homeostasis is the starting point of AS, especially
the aggregation of macrophage foam cells in the intra-arterial subcutaneous region. Reverse cholesterol
transport (RCT) can remove excess cholesterol from macrophages and transport it to the liver for excretion,
making this process vital to alleviate AS. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that
play critical roles in various diseases including AS, by regulating post-transcriptional gene expression.
Many natural compounds can exert anti-atherosclerotic effects by regulating different miRNAs that are
implicated in RCT. Hence, targeting these miRNAs using natural functional compounds may be a safe,
novel, and promising strategy to prevent and treat AS. This review describes the miRNAs involved in
RCT and the potential uses of natural compounds to target RCT-related miRNAs to modulate AS.
The Effect of Regular Aerobic Exercise on Reverse Cholesterol Transport A1 and Apo Lipoprotein A-I Gene Expression in Inactive Women