Metaphysics and Realism

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-224
Author(s):  
Vitaly G. Kosykhin ◽  
Svetlana M. Malkina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Transcendental Subjectivity ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Ontological Turn ◽  
Static Nature

The article deals with the problem of the return of metaphysics within the framework of the ontological turn of philosophy and the situation of post-metaphysical thinking. The conditions for the possibility of modern metaphysical discourse in the projects of empirical metaphysics and historical ontology are revealed. Historical ontology as a meta-reflexion of philosophy over its own historical foundations is able to bridge the gap between the epistemological static nature of transcendental subjectivity and the ontological dynamism of the growth of scientific knowledge about reality by comprehending the conditions of interaction between science and metaphysics in conditions of post-metaphysical thinking and realistic reversal of ontology. Philosophical knowledge in the context of the ontological turn and the associated return of metaphysics becomes focused not so much on the sharp demarcation of science and metaphysics and postulating the incommensurability of their ontologies, but on identifying mutually enriching areas of research that could give a new impetus to their development.

Does the Historical Epistemology Make the Ontological Turn?

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Lada V. Shipovalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Historical Epistemology ◽  
Historical Ontology ◽  
Local Coordination ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Anthropological Research ◽  
Ontological Turn ◽  
The Relationship

The article deals with the problems of historical epistemology as a topical direc­tion of scientific knowledge research. It focuses on the relationship between his­torical epistemology and historical ontology, on historical event, and on the differ­ence between the work of a historian of science and a historical epistemologist. The author builds a dialogue with the publication of I.T. Kasavin “Knowledge and Reality in the Historical Epistemology”. She puts forward the thesis that epistemology is justifiably called historical if it not only performs the primary epistemological grasp of a historical-scientific event, but also makes an ontologi­cal turn. When interpreting the ontological turn, she uses its understanding in contemporary anthropological research. The essential elements of the ontolog­ical turn are the historical event that sets the direction of the ontological turn and the historical epistemologist as its actor. The author interprets the event as the beginning of more than one causal historical series, an inexhaustible source of scientific knowledge for cognition. The work of the historical epistemologist is revealed as problematization of one’s own position and the local coordination of emerging causal historical series. The author gives the examples of such work of contemporary historical epistemologists from the texts of L. Daston and P. Galison. It is concluded that the relationship between epistemology and onto­logy in historical research of science, as well as interaction between the historian of science and epistemologist, depends on whether these positions are interpreted as stable and rigidly differentiated or whether the movement between them is recognized as necessary.

Defining the Competence of Psychologists with a View to Public Accountability *

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ype H. Poortinga ◽  
Ingrid Lunt
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Professional Competence ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
The Body ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Psychological Knowledge

In national codes of ethics the practice of psychology is presented as rooted in scientific knowledge, professional skills, and experience. However, it is not self-evident that the body of scientific knowledge in psychology provides an adequate basis for current professional practice. Professional training and experience are seen as necessary for the application of psychological knowledge, but they appear insufficient to defend the soundness of one's practices when challenged in judicial proceedings of a kind that may be faced by psychologists in the European Union in the not too distant future. In seeking to define the basis for the professional competence of psychologists, this article recommends taking a position of modesty concerning the scope and effectiveness of psychological interventions. In many circumstances, psychologists can only provide partial advice, narrowing down the range of possible courses of action more by eliminating unpromising ones than by pointing out the most correct or most favorable one. By emphasizing rigorous evaluation, the profession should gain in accountability and, in the long term, in respectability.

Family Therapy and Scientific Knowledge: A Loyalty Conflict?

1989 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-469
Author(s):  
Clifford I. Notarius
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Scientific Knowledge

The state of scientific knowledge regarding factors associated with terrorism.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 180-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L. Desmarais ◽  
Joseph Simons-Rudolph ◽  
Christine Shahan Brugh ◽  
Eileen Schilling ◽  
Chad Hoggan
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Associated

JUDICIARY AND JUDICIARY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NATIONAL MENTALITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Byrkovych
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Radical Reform ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
National Tradition ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Constitutional Right

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to identify the fundamental values of the Ukrainian people, on the basis of which not only his mentality, but also all national-state institutions, including institutions of justice and justice, as well as to identify trends of influence of these values on the further development of legal foundations of the judiciary and justice of Ukraine. Method. The methodological basis of the study was the combination of principles and methods of scientific knowledge. For the objectivity of the research, a set of general scientific, special-legal, special-historical and philosophical methods of scientific knowledge was used. Results. At the current stage of reforming the institutions of the judiciary and the judiciary, the notion of fair justice, which is formed on the basis of popular national culture, plays an important role. Given the functioning of the modern Constitutional Court of Ukraine, whose representatives are formed by delegation to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and the judiciary, this institution needs radical reform as it has repeatedly made political rather than constitutional decisions. Scientific novelty. Based on the analysis of the national tradition of justice, it is established that the Constitutional Court should be formed by public organizations, which are formed by legal experts. There are several higher scientific institutions in Ukraine which have departments, constitutional law research institutes. Their representatives should delegate the best experts in the constitutional right to competitive selection to fill vacancies in the constitutional court. Practical importance. The results of the study can be used in further historical and legal studies, preparation of special courses.

BASIC FUNDAMENTALS OF CIVIL LAW AND THEIR IMPORTANCE

2019 ◽  
pp. 120-126
Author(s):  
Diana Vivcharuk
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Practical Significance

Purpose. The purpose of the article is the regulation of relations on the principles of civil law. Methodology. The methodology includes a comprehensive analysis and a synthesis of available scientific and theoretical information. It is includes the formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Such methods of scientific knowledge were used: terminological, functional, systemic-structural, logical-normative. Results: it was determined, that principles of civil law – an ideas of the civil law, that characterized by systematic,versatile, more stable, more regylated. Originality. An article is the special reseach that explores the problems of civil law in Ukraine. Practical significance. The results of the research can be used in legislation and law-enforcement activities.

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