p63 Expression in Giant Cell–Containing Lesions of Bone and Soft Tissue

2011 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 776-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo de la Roza
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Bone Cysts ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular

Abstract Context.—Previous studies have demonstrated p63 overexpression in giant cell tumors of bone and advocate its use as a potential diagnostic marker. Although routine histology is often all that is required to diagnose giant cell tumor of bone, immunohistochemistry could prove useful to distinguish it from other benign and malignant giant cell–containing lesions of bone and soft tissue on needle biopsies and unusual clinical settings. Objective.—To assess p63 expression in giant cell–containing lesions of bone and soft tissue. Design.—p63 immunohistochemistry was performed in 23 giant cell tumors of bone, 8 primary aneurysmal bone cysts, 12 chondroblastomas, 4 giant cell reparative granulomas, 4 osteosarcomas, 15 tenosynovial giant cell tumors, 6 nonossifying fibromas, and 4 pigmented villonodular synovitides. Results.—p63 overexpression was identified in 20 of 23 giant cell tumors of bone (86.9%), 5 of 8 primary aneurysmal bone cysts (62.5%), 10 of 12 chondroblastomas (83.3%), 4 of 4 giant cell reparative granulomas (100%), 2 of 4 osteosarcomas (50%), 1 of 15 tenosynovial giant cell tumors (6.6%), 1 of 6 nonossifying fibromas (16.6%), and 1 of 4 pigmented villonodular synovitides (25%). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of p63 immunohistochemistry for the diagnosis of giant cell tumor of bone were 86.95%, 53.36%, 45.45%, and 91.17%, respectively. Conclusions.—This study shows that although p63 is expressed by most giant cell tumors of bone, its lack of specificity limits its use as an immunohistochemical marker in the differential diagnosis of giant cell–containing lesions of bone and soft tissue.

Giant Cell Tumor of the Talar Neck

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Selek ◽  
Hamza Özer ◽  
Sacit Turanli ◽  
Özlem Erdem
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Radiographic Appearance ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Brown Tumors ◽  
Small Bones

We describe a patient with a giant cell tumor in the talar head and neck of the left foot who was diagnosed as having osteochondritis dissecans and treated with arthroscopic drilling in this same location 3 years earlier. Giant cell tumors can be confused with several conditions, including giant cell reparative granulomas, brown tumors, and aneurysmal bone cysts. Giant cell tumors of bone typically occur in the epiphysis of long bones, including the distal femur and proximal tibia. They are uncommonly found in the small bones of the foot or ankle, and talar involvement is rare. Despite this rarity, the radiographic appearance and clinical signs of talar lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of nontraumatic conditions in the foot. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97(3): 225–228, 2007)

scholarly journals Giant Cell Tumor of Bone in Patients under 16 Years Old: A Single-Institution Case Series

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2585
Author(s):  
Francesca Ambrosi ◽  
Alberto Righi ◽  
Stefania Benini ◽  
Giovanna Magagnoli ◽  
Ilaria Chiaramonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

Background: Giant cell tumor of bone is a locally aggressive, rarely metastasizing tumor that accounts for about 5% of bone tumors and generally occurs in patients between 20 and 45 years old. A driver mutation in the histone 3.3 (H3.3) gene H3F3A has been identified in as many as 96% of giant cell tumors of bone. The immunohistochemical expression of H3F3A H3.3 G34 expression was found in 97.8% of cases. In the present study, we describe our series of cases of giant cell tumor of bone in pediatric patients <16 years old. Methods: All cases of giant cell tumor of bone in pediatric patients <16 years old treated in our institute between 1982 and 2018 were reviewed. Immunohistochemistry and/or molecular analysis for H3F3A gene mutations was performed to confirm the diagnosis. A group of aneurysmal bone cysts in patients <16 years old was used as a control group. Results: Fifteen cases were retrieved. A pronounced female predominance (93%) was observed. A pure metaphyseal central location occurs in 2 skeletally immature patients. Conclusions: Giant cell tumor of bone should be distinguished from its mimickers due to differences in prognosis and treatment. Immunohistochemical and molecular detection of H3F3A gene mutation represents a reliable diagnostic tool.

scholarly journals Brown tumor of the iliac crest initially misdiagnosed as a giant cell tumor of the bone

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hamidi ◽  
S Mottard ◽  
M J Berthiaume ◽  
J Doyon ◽  
M J Bégin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Iliac Crest ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Bone Lesions ◽  
Bone Cysts ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽  
Brown Tumors

Summary Brown tumors (BTs) are expansile osteolytic lesions complicating severe primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Clinical, radiological and histological features of BTs share many similarities with other giant cell-containing lesions of the bone, which can make their diagnosis challenging. We report the case of a 32-year-old man in whom an aggressive osteolytic lesion of the iliac crest was initially diagnosed as a giant cell tumor by biopsy. The patient was scheduled for surgical curettage, with a course of neoadjuvant denosumab. Routine biochemical workup prior to denosumab administration incidentally revealed high serum calcium levels. The patient was diagnosed with PHPT and a parathyroid adenoma was identified. In light of these findings, histological slices of the iliac lesion were reviewed and diagnosis of a BT was confirmed. Follow-up CT-scans performed 2 and 7 months after parathyroidectomy showed regression and re-ossification of the bone lesion. The aim of this case report is to underline the importance of distinguishing BTs from other giant cell-containing lesions of the bone and to highlight the relevance of measuring serum calcium as part of the initial evaluation of osteolytic bone lesions. This can have a major impact on patients’ management and can prevent unnecessary invasive surgical interventions. Learning points: Although rare, brown tumors should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of osteolytic giant cell-containing bone lesions. Among giant cell-containing lesions of the bone, the main differential diagnoses of brown tumors are giant cell tumors and aneurysmal bone cysts. Clinical, radiological and histological characteristics can be non-discriminating between brown tumors and giant cell tumors. One of the best ways to distinguish these two diagnoses appears to be through biochemical workup. Differentiating brown tumors from giant cell tumors and aneurysmal bone cysts is crucial in order to ensure better patient care and prevent unnecessary morbid surgical interventions.

scholarly journals Correlation between Campanacci’s radiological classification of giant cell tumor of bone and expression of Cyclin D1 and PCNA

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Eréndira G. Estrada-Villaseñor ◽  
Hidalgo Bravo Alberto ◽  
C. Bandala ◽  
P. De la Garza-Montano ◽  
Reyes Medina Naxieli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cyclin D1 ◽  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Radiological Classification ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Made In

Giant cell tumor of bone is considered by his behavior a benign but aggressive neoplasm. The objective of our study was to determine if there is a correlation between the Campanacci’s radiological classification of giant cell tumors of bone and the expression by immunohistochemistry of Cyclin D1 and proliferation cell nuclear antibody (PCNA). A retrospective and descriptive study was made. In total, there were 27 cases. All cases showed Cyclin D1 and PCNA positivity. Rho Spearman for Campanacci and Cyclin D1 expression was 0.06 and for Campanacci and PCNA was 0.418. We conclude that there is a positive correlation between PCNA expression in giant cell tumors of Bone and the Campanacci’s radiological classification II and III, butCyclin D1 expression was no related with radiologic features.

scholarly journals Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor of the thigh

10.3823/2360 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasna Salhi ◽  
Olfa Jaidane ◽  
Jamel Ben Hassouna ◽  
Tarek Ben Dhieb ◽  
Monia Hechiche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Left Thigh ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Diffuse Type ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors (TGCT) are a group of generally benign intra-articular and soft tissue tumors with common histological features. TGCT is also known as pigmented villonodular synovitis. There are localized and diffuse forms. Localized types include giant cell tumors of tendon sheath and localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, whereas diffuse types encompass conventional pigmented villonodular synovitis and diffuse type giant cell tumor. Localized tumors are generally indolent, whereas diffuse tumors are locally aggressive. In this article, we report the case of a diffuse-type extra-articular TGCT found in the left thigh of a 73-year-old woman who presented with a painless but gradually progressive swelling in the left thigh since eighteen months. On examination, there was a soft cystic swelling measuring 22 cm. The swelling was fixed to the underlying soft tissues. She had a Computed Tomography scan of the left thigh showing a mass of fluid density, well encapsulated between the muscles of the thigh, measuring 20x10 cm of major axes, compressing the femoral vessels without invading them. The patient had a complete marginal resection of the tumor. The immune-histopathological findings were consistent with those of a diffuse type of Giant Cell Tenosynovial Tumor. At 18 months follow-up, the patient is asymptomatic with no evidence of disease recurrence.  The extra-articular diffuse type TGCT is more aggressive than the localized type. Although these tumors are benign in the majority of cases, malignant transformation has been reported. Therefore, close follow-up is recommended after tumor excision.

Prospects of Treating Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor through Pexidar-tinib: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunes M.M.A. Alsayadi ◽  
Pooja A. Chawla
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Brand Name ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Background: Tenosynovial giant cell tumor refers to a group of rarely occurring tumors that are formed in the joints, which are characterized by pain, swelling, and limitation of movement of the joint. Surgery is the main treatment strategy, but the tumor is likely to recur, especially in pigmented villonodular synovitis, which is the diffuse-type of giant cell tumor. Pexidartinib was approved in August 2019 by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with a brand name TURALIO as the first systemic approved therapy for patients having Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumors (TGCT). Objective: In this review, different aspects pertaining to pexidartinib have been summarized including pathophysiology of TGCT, chemistry, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of pexidartinib. Special attention is given to various reported clinical trials of pexidartinib. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the relevant databases to identify studies published in this field during recent years Conclusion: Pexidartinib acts by inhibiting the colony-stimulating factor (CSF1)/CSF1 receptor pathway which leads to inhibition of the cell lines proliferation and promotes the autophosphorylation process of ligand-induced CSF1 receptor. Pexidartinib emerged as a potential drug candidate for the treatment of TGCT.

scholarly journals Giant Cell Tumor of Bone: Documented Progression over 4 Years from Its Origin at the Metaphysis to the Articular Surface

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Burke ◽  
Thomas Link ◽  
Richard J. O’Donnell ◽  
Soo-Jin Cho ◽  
Daria Motamedi
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Bone Plate ◽  
Subchondral Bone Plate ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Exact Location ◽  
Tumors Of Bone

The exact location of origin for giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) remains controversial, as lesions are not routinely imaged early but rather late when the tumor is large and clinically symptomatic. At the time of diagnosis, GCTB are classically described as lucent, eccentric lesions with nonsclerotic margins, located within the epiphysis to a greater extent than the metaphysis. Here we present a case of a biopsy proven GCTB initially incidentally seen on MRI as a small strictly metaphyseal lesion, which over the course of several years expanded across a closed physis to involve the epiphysis and abut the articular surface/subchondral bone plate.

scholarly journals Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor: Case Report and Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (8) ◽  
pp. 901-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Localized Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Pigmented Villonodular

Tenosynovial giant cell tumors are a group of generally benign intra-articular and soft tissue tumors with common histologic features. They can be roughly divided into localized and diffuse types. Localized types include giant cell tumors of tendon sheath and localized pigmented villonodular synovitis, whereas diffuse types encompass conventional pigmented villonodular synovitis and diffuse-type giant cell tumor. Localized tumors are generally indolent, whereas diffuse tumors are locally aggressive. Recent developments indicate that tenosynovial giant cell tumors are clonal neoplastic tumors driven by overexpression of CSF1. Herein, I report a case of intra-articular, localized tenosynovial giant cell tumor (or localized pigmented villonodular synovitis) and review the classification, histopathology, and recent developments regarding its pathogenesis.

MULTIPLE LOCALIZED GIANT CELL TUMOR OF THE TENDON SHEATH (GCTTS) AFFECTING A SINGLE TENDON: A VERY RARE CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF RECENT CASES

Hand Surgery ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (03) ◽  
pp. 367-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talvinder Singh ◽  
Saqib Noor ◽  
Adrian W. Simons
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tendon Sheath ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Mri Scan ◽  
Tissue Mass

Introduction Giant cell tumors of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) are very common. More recently, a small number of case reports have identified the presence of multifocal GCTTS in the hand. These case reports have identified the presence of a maximum of two simultaneous lesions of a giant cell tumor affecting the same tendon sheath. We present an exceptionally rare case of simultaneous multiple localized GCTTS in which five lesions were identified on a single tendon simultaneously. This number of lesions on a single tendon has never been previously reported. Case: A 37-year-old tree surgeon initially complained of pain in the region of the base of the ring and little fingers. A month later, he developed multiple soft tissue swellings at these sites and a soft tissue mass in the center of the palm relating to the left ring finger. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan suggested multiple GCTTS. These masses were excised completely without MRI evidence of a recurrence. Multiple GCTTS should be a differential diagnosis of multiple soft tissue swellings in the hand with an MRI scan and complete excision being the appropriate imaging and treatment modality respectively.

scholarly journals Hypercalcaemia after treatment with denosumab in children: bisphosphonates as an option for therapy and prevention?

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 520-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Sydlik ◽  
Hans Roland Dürr ◽  
Susanne Bechtold-Dalla Pozza ◽  
Claudia Weißenbacher ◽  
Julia Roeb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Bone Cysts ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Giant Cell Tumors ◽  
Severe Hypercalcemia ◽  
Aneurysmal Bone Cysts ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Denosumab Treatment

Abstract Background Pharmacologic options for treatment of osteolytic diseases especially in children are limited. Although not licensed for use, denosumab, a fully humanized antibody to RANKL, is used in children with good effects. Among others, one possible indication are giant cell tumors and aneurysmatic bone cysts. However, there are reports of severe hypercalcemia during weeks to months after termination of denosumab, that are rarely seen in adults. Methods We collected data of four patients, aged 6–17 years, who experienced severe hypercalcemia after completion of treatment with denosumab for unresectable giant cell tumors of bone or aneurysmal bone cysts and methods of their treatment. The detailed case information were described. Results One patient was treated with long-term, high-dose steroid therapy, leading to typical Cushing’s syndrome. Another patient was restarted on denosumab repeatedly due to relapses of hypercalcemia after every stop. Finally, in two patients, hypercalcemia ceased definitely after treatment with bisphosphonates. However, several applications were necessary to stabilize calcium levels. Conclusions There is a considerable risk of hypercalcemia as an adverse effect after denosumab treatment in children. Therapeutic and, preferably, preventive strategies are needed. Bisphosphonates seem to be an option for both, but effective proceedings still remain to be established.

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