scholarly journals Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infecting Pregnant Women and the Fetus, Intrauterine Transmission and Placental Pathology During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic: It's Complicated

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Schwartz ◽  
Daniel Levitan
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Placental Pathology ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission

scholarly journals Infections in Pregnancy With COVID-19 and Other Respiratory RNA Virus Diseases Are Rarely, If Ever, Transmitted to the Fetus: Experiences With Coronaviruses, Parainfluenza, Metapneumovirus Respiratory Syncytial Virus, and Influenza

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 (8) ◽  
pp. 920-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Schwartz ◽  
Amareen Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
Fetal Infection ◽  
Syncytial Virus ◽  
Maternal Fetal Transmission

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is similar to 2 other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), in causing life-threatening maternal respiratory infections and systemic complications. Because of global concern for potential intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from pregnant women to their infants, this report analyzes the effects on pregnancy of infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory RNA viruses, and examines the frequency of maternal-fetal transmission with SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza (HPIV), and metapneumovirus (hMPV). There have been no confirmed cases of intrauterine transmission reported with SARS-CoV-2 or any other coronaviruses—SARS and MERS. Influenza virus, despite causing approximately 1 billion annual infections globally, has only a few cases of confirmed or suspected intrauterine fetal infections reported. Respiratory syncytial virus is an unusual cause of illness among pregnant women, and with the exception of 1 premature infant with congenital pneumonia, no other cases of maternal-fetal infection are described. Parainfluenza virus and hMPV can produce symptomatic maternal infections but do not cause intrauterine fetal infection. In summary, it appears that the absence thus far of maternal-fetal transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus during the COVID-19 pandemic is similar to other coronaviruses, and is also consistent with the extreme rarity of suggested or confirmed cases of intrauterine transmission of other respiratory RNA viruses. This observation has important consequences for pregnant women because it appears that if intrauterine transmission of SARS-CoV-2 does eventually occur, it will be a rare event. Potential mechanisms of fetal protection from maternal viral infections are also discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical outcomes and placental pathology of pregnant women and their infants: A Systematic Review

Heliyon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. e06393
Author(s):  
Irina Oltean ◽  
Jason Tran ◽  
Sarah Lawrence ◽  
Brittany Ann Ruschkowski ◽  
Na Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Placental Pathology

scholarly journals Dynamic changes of acquired maternal SARS-CoV-2 IgG in infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xia Wang ◽  
Pu Yang ◽  
Junwen Zheng ◽  
Pin Liu ◽  
Cong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Perinatal Infection ◽  
Serum Antibodies ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Igg Level ◽  
Maternal Igg

AbstractAt present, there are still ambiguous reports about the perinatal infection of infants born to mothers infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The dynamic characteristics of infantile serum antibodies born to mother with SARS-CoV-2 has not been well described. In this study, we analyzed the seroconversion of 27 newborns born to 26 pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2. The SARS-CoV-2 IgG positive rate of parturient was 80.8%, and half of their infants obtained maternal IgG. IgG transfer rates were 18.8% and 81.8% in those infants whose mother infected less and more than 2 weeks before delivery. In the first two months of life, the IgG level of infants dropped sharply to one tenth of that at birth. These results suggest that maternal SARS-CoV-2 IgG provides limited protection for infants.

scholarly journals Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 detected in placentas of 2 coronavirus disease 2019–positive asymptomatic pregnant women—case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 100001
Author(s):  
Jaime Sanchez ◽  
Paulino Vigil-De Gracia ◽  
Erika Guerrero ◽  
Melissa Gaitán ◽  
Cindy Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women

scholarly journals Placental Pathology Associated with Household Air Pollution in a Cohort of Pregnant Women from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2017 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair J. Wylie ◽  
Emmanuel Matechi ◽  
Yahya Kishashu ◽  
Wafaie Fawzi ◽  
Zul Premji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Placental Pathology

scholarly journals A Framework for Protecting Pregnant Women in the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
Deepa Dongarwar ◽  
Veronica Ajewole ◽  
Kiydra Harris ◽  
Emmanuella Oduguwa ◽  
Theresa Ofili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Work First ◽  
Open Access Article

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, highlighted and compounded problems while posing new challenges for the pregnant population. Although individual organizations have provided disparate information, guidance, and updates on managing the pregnant population during the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is important to develop a collective model that highlights all the best practices needed to protect the pregnant population during the pandemic. To establish a standard for ensuring safety during the pandemic, we present a framework that describes best practices for the management of the pregnant population during the ongoing COVID-19pandemic.   Copyright © 2021 Dongarwar, et al. Published by Global Health and Education Projects, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in this journal, is properly cited.

scholarly journals 590: Placental pathology associated with household air pollution in a cohort of pregnant women from Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. S316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair J. Wylie ◽  
Emmanuel Matechi ◽  
Yahya Kishashu ◽  
Wafaie Fawzi ◽  
Brent Coull ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Household Air Pollution ◽  
Placental Pathology

scholarly journals The Real Impact of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (covid-19) on the Pregnancy Outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (05) ◽  
pp. 303-304
Author(s):  
Ana Katherine Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Influenza Pandemic ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Intrauterine Transmission ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
2009 H1n1

AbstractThe COVID-19 outbreak is increasing around the world in the number of cases, deaths, and affected countries. Currently, the knowledge regarding the clinical impact of COVID-19 on maternal, fetal, and placental aspects of pregnancy is minimal. Although the elderly and men were the most affected population, in previous situations, such as the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic and the Ebola epidemic, pregnant women were more likely to develop complications than nonpregnant women. There are unanswered questions specific to pregnant women, such as whether pregnant women are more severely affected and whether intrauterine transmission occurs. Additional information is needed to inform key decisions, such as whether pregnant health care workers should receive special consideration, whether to separate infected mothers and their newborns, and whether it is safe for infected women to breastfeed.

scholarly journals Effects of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection on Pregnant Women and Their Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 144 (10) ◽  
pp. 1217-1222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yang ◽  
Bin Hu ◽  
Sudong Zhan ◽  
Li-ye Yang ◽  
Guoping Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perinatal Death ◽  
Severe Pneumonia ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Context.— The pandemic of a novel coronavirus, termed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has created an unprecedented global health burden. Objective.— To investigate the effect of the SARS-CoV-2 infection on maternal, fetal, and neonatal morbidity and other poor obstetrical outcomes. Design.— All suspected cases of pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted into one center in Wuhan from January 20 to March 19, 2020, were included. Detailed clinical data of those pregnancies with COVID-19 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results.— Twenty-seven pregnant women (4 early pregnancies included) with laboratory or clinically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and 24 neonates born to the 23 women in late pregnancy were analyzed. On admission, 46.2% (13 of 27) of the patients had symptoms, including fever (11 of 27), cough (9 of 27), and vomiting (1 of 27). Decreased total lymphocytes count was observed in 81.5% (22 of 27) of patients. Twenty-six patients showed typical viral pneumonia by chest computed tomography scan, whereas 1 patient confirmed with COVID-19 infection showed no abnormality on chest computed tomography. One mother developed severe pneumonia 3 days after her delivery. No maternal or perinatal death occurred. Moreover, 1 early preterm newborn born to a mother with the complication of premature rupture of fetal membranes, highly suspected to have SARS-CoV-2 infection, was SARS-CoV-2 negative after repeated real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction testing. Statistical differences were observed between the groups of women in early and late pregnancy with COVID-19 in the occurrence of lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. Conclusions.— No major complications were reported among the studied cohort, though 1 serious case and 1 perinatal infection were observed. Much effort should be made to reduce the pathogenic effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnancies.

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