The Development of the Imperial Russian Army up to the Early Reign of Nicholas I: Organization, Doctrine, and Politics

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Bitis
Keyword(s):  
The Caucasus ◽  
Russian Army

This chapter covers the developments prior to 1801, the Imperial Army during the reign of Alexander I, the origins and programmes of the revolutionary ‘military intelligentsia’ from 1815 to 1825; the Caucasus Corps and the Second Army during 1816 to 1825; the character and policy of Nicholas I and the struggle against the ‘Russian Party’. The regime's belief in the existence of a Russian party certainly aids in understanding tsarist Eastern policy under Nicholas. On one hand, the regime attempted to defuse nationalist passions by presenting the war as a dispute between two courts. Alternatively, the domestic benefits of a forward Eastern policy were well understood. By leading his troops to a short and glorious war, Nicholas could enhance his image and deliver a public rebuke to Metternich.

scholarly journals Caucasian Multiculturalism, as the Burden and the Opportunity and the Private Archive of Russian Empire's Georgian General

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Esma Mania
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Identity Concept ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Caucasus is considered as one of the difficult geopolitical regions. It includes Georgia, which differs from other Caucasian ethnics in religious-cultural context. Georgia, which has been strongly influenced by Persia and Ottoman Turkey for centuries, as well as by Europe, fully becomes a part of Russian Empire and gets under even stronger European influence. The 19th century Caucasus was characterized by multiculturalism that, in general, causes the atrophy of values and the marginalization of national components, as a result. The subject of our research is the private archive, namely, 700 letters of Grigol Orbeliani (1804-1883), Georgian poet, military person and public figure, the General of the Russian army. In this material, we can find the various concepts of self-identity. In this regard, it is significant to analyze what place was taken by Russian on the one hand and Eastern on the other hand phraseology and sayings in his mentality. How does Orbeliani understand and develop the phenomenon of “homeland”; what forms of tolerance does he reveal; what is his perception on Imperial, Caucasian and Georgian contexts, and so on. These very letters give us the opportunity to find not only Orbelianian contours of self-identity concept, but contributes to our attempts of marking human groups and societies’ ethnic and religious identities as well.

scholarly journals Caucasian Multiculturalism, as the Burden and the Opportunity and the Private Archive of Russian Empire's Georgian General

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Esma Mania
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Religious Identities ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Identity Concept ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Caucasus is considered as one of the difficult geopolitical regions. It includes Georgia, which differs from other Caucasian ethnics in religious-cultural context. Georgia, which has been strongly influenced by Persia and Ottoman Turkey for centuries, as well as by Europe, fully becomes a part of Russian Empire and gets under even stronger European influence. The 19th century Caucasus was characterized by multiculturalism that, in general, causes the atrophy of values and the marginalization of national components, as a result. The subject of our research is the private archive, namely, 700 letters of Grigol Orbeliani (1804-1883), Georgian poet, military person and public figure, the General of the Russian army. In this material, we can find the various concepts of self-identity. In this regard, it is significant to analyze what place was taken by Russian on the one hand and Eastern on the other hand phraseology and sayings in his mentality. How does Orbeliani understand and develop the phenomenon of “homeland”; what forms of tolerance does he reveal; what is his perception on Imperial, Caucasian and Georgian contexts, and so on. These very letters give us the opportunity to find not only Orbelianian contours of self-identity concept, but contributes to our attempts of marking human groups and societies’ ethnic and religious identities as well.

Abkhazia under the pen of Fjodor Tornau

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-214
Author(s):  
Regina L. Avidzba ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Form ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Military Life ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
The World ◽  
National Life ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time

For the first time, regarding the pages of Fjodor Tornau’s “Memories of a Caucasian Officer” dedicated to Abkhazia, scientific criticism of the text was undertaken, typos and mistakes made in the first edition and repeated in all subsequent ones were revealed. The writer’s artistic talent determined Fjodor Tornau’s contribution to the development of the Caucasian theme, one of the constant in Russian literature of the 19th century. The Abkhazian pages of “Memories...” vividly recreate the national life of the mountaineers, far from European civilisation, in all the fullness of their traditional life; many pages are devoted to the genuine nature of the Caucasus, whose paintings were so attractive to romantics. Meanwhile, the memoirist reveals himself to be a truly military man, a knowledgeable officer, whose view of the world around him is distinguished by sober and clear assessments. In a relaxed and fascinating narrative form, the author reveals to the reader the beauty of the Caucasian nature, and the exploits of his colleagues, and the customs of the highlanders, creating a unique synthesis in which, on the one hand, the mortal dangers of the military life of an officer of the Russian army are indissoluble, and on the other, the tremulous, grateful attitude to this God-given life.

Composition of the Petroleum of the Caucasus

1881 ◽  
Vol 12 (288supp) ◽  
pp. 4589-4589
Author(s):  
MM. P. Schutzenberger ◽  
N. Toniner
Keyword(s):  
The Caucasus

How Alexander entered India With a note on Ortospana (the ancient name of Ghazni?)

Afghanistan ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Rapin ◽  
Frantz Grenet
Keyword(s):  
The Caucasus ◽  
Kabul River

This paper concerns the cartography of Afghanistan in antiquity using the example of Ortospana, a toponym that is presumably a corruption of *Oryospana, the ancient name of Ghazni. In order to cover all the hypotheses involved in this study, the itinerary of Alexander will also be revisited from southern and northern Afghanistan to Taxila through the crossroads of Alexandria in the Caucasus and along the Kabul River.

THE EFFECT OF THE RELIGIOUS FACTOR ON THE MILITARY MEN VALUE BASED ORIENTATION FORMING

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
ALEXEY ROMAKHIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Military Personnel ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Russian Army ◽  
Religious Factor ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military

This article reveals the problem of the role of the religious factor in the formation of the value orientations of the military personnel of the Russian army from its inception to the present state. In the article, the author reveals the significance of the Church in the formation of the value orientations of military personnel. The problem of religious situation in foreign armies is considered. The article presents data from sociological studies confirming the increase in the number of religious servicemen in the modern Armed Forces. The concept of “religious factor” is revealed. The author suggests considering the influence of the religious factor on the formation of value orientations through the functions of religion. The article provides examples of the influence of religion on the formation of value orientations of military personnel from the time of the Baptism of Russia to the present. Examples of writers of Russian classical literature about the influence of religion on the morale of troops are given. Examples of religious participation in major battles and wars of the past years are shown. The significance of the religious factor in uniting the people and the army is shown. The work of officials of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation in strengthening values among military personnel in modern conditions is demonstrated. The role of the Minister of defense of the Russian Federation, General of the army S.K. Shoigu in strengthening the faith of the Russian army is outlined. Issues related to the construction of the Main Temple of the Armed Forces and its impact on the public masses were discussed. In this study, the author aims to show the significant role of religion in the formation of value orientations in Russian military personnel. The analysis shows an increasing role of religion in the minds of military personnel in modern conditions.

The Medieval Population of Mountainous Ingushetia According to Odontological Data

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-196
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Lejbova ◽  
Umalat B. Gadiev
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Dental Anthropology ◽  
Deep Roots ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Village ◽  
Medieval Population

Although population of the Caucasus has been studied in a rather detailed way, there are peoples whose anthropological portrait is still incomplete. Among them are the Ingush, one of the oldest autochthonous peoples of the Caucasus. This work presents new material on the dental anthropology of medieval Ingush, collected in 2017 during expeditions to the Jairakh and Sunzhen districts of the Republic of Ingushetia. In the Jairakh district, the investigations were carried out in the crypt complexes of the 15th–18th centuries – Targim, Agikal, Tsori, Salgi, and in Sunzhen region - in crypts near the village of Muzgan. The craniological series of medieval Ingush studied according to the dental anthropology program can be described as belonging to the western range of odontological complexes. Unlike most modern Caucasian groups, it does not belong to gracile forms, but rather to a maturized odontological variant, which has deep roots in the Caucasus. The results once again demonstrate a certain conservatism and stability of the dental system, which preserves morphological traits of ancestral groups longer than other anthropological systems.

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