Varieties of Software and their Implications for Effective Democratic Government

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jean Camp
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Computer Code ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
Open Code ◽  
The Relationship

As governmental processes and judgments become increasingly digital, the transparency of digital systems that implement the processes of government becomes increasingly important. Open code is a necessary but not sufficient prerequisite for maintaining transparency as democracy becomes digitized, and complete openness of process is not appropriate for every domain. This chapter explores some of the complexities in the relationship between openness of code and democratic government. Computer code controls and enables the actions of users, and for users to have true autonomy they must be able to examine, alter, and redistribute the code. A key issue for transparency is the degree to which this observation applies to the activities of government that are embedded in computer code. Free software creates a fundamentally different market structure than closed code. The philosophy of free software argues that the inability to view code that implements governance suggests totalitarian and Kafkaesque control, a constraining complex network of rules and regulations.

Digital Musical Interactions: Performer–system relationships and their perception by spectators

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gurevich ◽  
A. Cavan Fyans
Keyword(s):  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Musical Interactions ◽  
Ecological View ◽  
The Relationship

This article adopts an ecological view of digital musical interactions, considering first the relationship between performers and digital systems, and then spectators’ perception of these interactions. We provide evidence that the relationships between performers and digital music systems are not necessarily instrumental in the same was as they are with acoustic systems, and nor should they always strive to be. Furthermore, we report results of a study indicating that spectators may not perceive such interactions in the same way as performances with acoustic musical instruments. We present implications for the design of digital musical interactions, suggesting that designers should embrace the reality that digital systems are malleable and dynamic, and may engage performers and spectators in different modalities, sometimes simultaneously.

On Estimating the Relationship between Discrimination and Market Structure

1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin T. Fujii ◽  
John M. Trapani
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Authoritarian Liberalism: From Schmitt via Ordoliberalism to the Euro

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 747-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Bonefeld
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Weimar Republic ◽  
Political Theology ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Liberal State ◽  
Concentrated Force ◽  
Democratic Government ◽  
Strong State ◽  
The Relationship

The contribution examines the market liberal veracity of Hayek’s view that a dictatorship may be more liberal in its policies than an unlimited democratic assembly. Hayek’s warning about the potentially illiberal character of democratic government is key to the German ordoliberal thinking that emerged in the context of the crisis of the Weimar Republic. The ordoliberal thinkers were keenly aware of Schmitt’s political theology and argued with him that the state is the predominant power in the relationship between market and state, conceiving of this relationship as free economy and strong state. They maintained that the establishment of social order is the precondition of free economy; law does not apply to disorder and does not create order. The liberal state is the ‘concentrated force’ of that order. The contribution argues that ordoliberalism is best characterized as an authoritarian liberalism and assesses its contemporary veracity in relation to the European Union.

The Free Software Paradigm and the Hacker Ethic

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Stallman ◽  
Adolfo Plasencia
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Creative Arts ◽  
Implementation Framework ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Software Code ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

This dialogue is preceded by an introduction about Richard Stallman and the power of “code”, by Lawrence Lessing, as well as a detailed biography of Richard revised by himself. In the conversation following this, Stallman analyzes the origin and validity of the ‘hacking’ and ‘hack’ concepts and the differences between ‘hackers’ and ‘crackers’. He then describes in detail the concept, dimension, forms of creation and the development of software code, especially free software and its implementation framework. He later reflects on and outlines his vision of the relationship between the use of technology and ethics, and about ethical hackers. He also talks about the good and bad behavior of companies and, in this context, his criticism of Corporatocracy. Afterward, he describes concepts about how the creation of software code works compared with other creative arts, such as literature. He goes on to analyze the mechanisms for how ideas are patented in the industrial world, in particular the case of software development. He finally talks about why his vision of free software remains valid and how it should be dealt with during education.

Digital Images

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Matthews ◽  
Gavin Perin
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Digital Systems ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
New Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cultural Shifts ◽  
Material Form

The valence of any visual paradigm and its accompanying technologies is subject to the contingencies of political regimes and cultural shifts. The instigation, implementation and even reconfiguring of any associated technological system effects a translation and adjustment to the structure and use of these supporting mechanisms that both re-defines the relationship between object and viewer and ultimately influences its translation into material form. The permeation of digital systems throughout contemporary urban space is typified by Internet Protocol webcam systems, instigated by civic authorities for surveillance and the imagistic promotion of iconic city form. This paper examines how this system’s reception and subsequent translation of transmitted data signals into digital information not only presents new material to mediate people’s engagement with public space, but moreover, how it presents new opportunities for the designer to materialize its three-dimensional form within the spatial ambiguity of virtual and real-time environments.

Nursing home prices and market structure: the effect of assisted living industry expansion

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Bowblis
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Nursing Home Care ◽  
Assisted Living Facilities ◽  
Home Market ◽  
Home Prices ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractSince the 1990s, there has been substantial expansion of facility-based alternatives to nursing home care, such as assisted living facilities. This paper analyzes the relationship between expansion of the assisted living industry, nursing home market structure and nursing home private pay prices using a two-year panel of nursing homes in the State of Ohio. Fixed effect regressions suggest that the expansion of assisted living facilities are associated with increased nursing home concentration, but find no effect on private pay nursing home prices. This would be consistent with assisted livings reducing demand for nursing homes by delaying entry into a nursing home, though assisted livings are not direct competitors of nursing homes.

Market Structure and the Pattern of Black-Owned Firms

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Heywood
Keyword(s):  
Market Structure ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Black Workers ◽  
Entry Barriers ◽  
Industrial Concentration ◽  
Black Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Relationship

This article discusses the relationship between industrial concentration and the presence of black-owned firms. Strong evidence is found that more monopolistic industries have a smaller black presence. This demonstrates that the monopolistic industries in which black workers are known to face the worst discrimination are also the industries in which blacks face the highest structural entry barriers as entrepreneurs. Indeed, entry barriers may cause the monopolistic conditions which allow discrimination while simultaneously frustrating the entry of black entrepreneurs.

scholarly journals Synchronization in a Novel Local-World Dynamical Network Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianeng Tang ◽  
Peizhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Complex Networks ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Dynamical Networks ◽  
Dynamical Network ◽  
Network Research ◽  
Topology Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Random Failures

Advances in complex network research have recently stimulated increasing interests in understanding the relationship between the topology and dynamics of complex networks. In the paper, we study the synchronizability of a class of local-world dynamical networks. Then, we have proposed a local-world synchronization-optimal growth topology model. Compared with the local-world evolving network model, it exhibits a stronger synchronizability. We also investigate the robustness of the synchronizability with respect to random failures and the fragility of the synchronizability with specific removal of nodes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document