Mœbius: metaprogramming using contextual types: the stage where system f can pattern match on itself

We describe the foundation of the metaprogramming language, Mœbius, which supports the generation of polymorphic code and, more importantly, the analysis of polymorphic code via pattern matching. Mœbius has two main ingredients: 1) we exploit contextual modal types to describe open code together with the context in which it is meaningful. In Mœbius, open code can depend on type and term variables (level 0) whose values are supplied at a later stage, as well as code variables (level 1) that stand for code templates supplied at a later stage. This leads to a multi-level modal lambda-calculus that supports System-F style polymorphism and forms the basis for polymorphic code generation. 2) we extend the multi-level modal lambda-calculus to support pattern matching on code. As pattern matching on polymorphic code may refine polymorphic type variables, we extend our type-theoretic foundation to generate and track typing constraints that arise. We also give an operational semantics and prove type preservation. Our multi-level modal foundation for Mœbius provides the appropriate abstractions for both generating and pattern matching on open code without committing to a concrete representation of variable binding and contexts. Hence, our work is a step towards building a general type-theoretic foundation for multi-staged metaprogramming that, on the one hand, enforces strong type guarantees and, on the other hand, makes it easy to generate and manipulate code. This will allow us to exploit the full potential of metaprogramming without sacrificing the reliability of and trust in the code we are producing and running.

A Smartphone App for Individual Xylazine/Ketamine Calculation Decreased Anesthesia-Related Mortality in Mice

Currently, experimental animals are widely used in biological and medical research. However, the scientific community has raised several bioethical concerns, such as the number of animals required to achieve reproducible and statistically relevant results. These concerns involve aspects related to pain, discomfort, and unwanted animal loss. Retrospectively, we compare two different approaches for anesthesia dosage: a mobile app for dose calculation and a standard dose calculation. A total of 939 C57BL/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. We collected data on intraoperative and anesthesia-related mortality as described in electronic or physical handwritten records. Our results showed that the mobile app approach significantly reduces anesthetic-related deaths upon using doses of ketamine and xylazine. The results suggest that anesthesia-related mortality can be minimized even more using information technology approaches, helping to solve an old but transversal challenge for researchers working with experimental mice. The mobile app is a free and open code which could be implemented worldwide as an essential requirement for all anesthetic procedures in mice using xylazine and ketamine combination. As an open code app, the Labinsane initiative could also represent the starting point to unify and validate other anesthetic procedures in different species and strains.

Pengalaman Keluarga Dalam Memberikan Dukungan Terhadap Penderita Hipertensi

Hipertensi termasuk salah satu penyakit degenaratif yang sering dijumpai di masyarakat dan sering muncul tanpa gejala. Penyakit hipertensi akan menjadi masalah yang serius jika tidak dikelola dengan baik, karena akan berkembang dan menimbulkan komplikasi yang berbahaya. Keberhasilan pengendalian hipertensi, salah satunya dipengaruhi oleh dukungan keluarga. Dukungan keluarga merupakan bentuk interaksi antar anggota keluarga yang dapat memberikan kenyamanan fisik dan psikologis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan pemahaman mendalam mengenai arti dan makna dukungan keluarga terhadap penderita hipertensi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain fenomenologi deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah keluarga yang mempunyai anggota keluarga menderita hipertensi yang tinggal di wilayah Kebonsari Surabaya. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah rekaman wawancara yang dibuat transkrip verbatim serta dianalisa menggunakan aplikasi Open Code 4.0. Hasil penelitian ini adalah teridentifikasi 4 tema yaitu Respon psikologis emosional, Dukungan finansial, Dukungan instrumen dan Harapan keluarga. Peningkatan pengetahuan dan peran serta keluarga sangat diperlukan untuk penderita hipertensi dalam mengendalikan tekanan darah ABSTRACT Hypertension is a degenerative disease that is often found in society and often appears without symptoms. Hypertension will become a serious problem if it is not managed properly, because it will develop and cause dangerous complications. The successfull of controlling hypertension is influenced by family support. Family support is a form of interaction between family members that can provide physical and psychological comfort. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the meaning and meaning of family support for hypertensive sufferers. This study used a descriptive phenomenology design. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews. Participants in this study are families who have family members suffering from hypertension who live in the Kebonsari area of ​​Surabaya. The data collected were recorded interviews made with verbatim transcripts and analyzed using the Open Code 4.0 application. The results of this study identified 4 themes, namely emotional psychological response, financial support, instrument support and family expectations. Increased knowledge and family participation is needed for people with hypertension in controlling blood pressure.

Tutorial-Articles: The Importance of Data and Code Sharing

ABSTRACT Context: this document is designed to be along with those that are in the first edition of the new section of the Journal of Contemporary Administration (RAC): the tutorial-articles section. Objective: the purpose is to present the new section and discuss relevant topics of tutorial-articles. Method: I divide the document into three main parts. First, I provide a summary of the state of the art in open data and open code at the current date that, jointly, create the context for tutorial-articles. Second, I provide some guidance to the future of the section on tutorial-articles, providing a structure and some insights that can be developed in the future. Third, I offer a short R script to show examples of open data that, I believe, can be used in the future in tutorial-articles, but also in innovative empirical studies. Conclusion: finally, I provide a short description of the first tutorial-articles accepted for publication in this current RAC’s edition.

Open Code/Software: A primer from UKRN

Encourage collaboration between code users, developers and researchers.

Kody i (re)produkcja kultury emocjonalnej w koncepcji Basila Bernsteina

The purpose of this paper is to indicate a relationship between codes and transmission of emotional culture patterns. The theoretical framework is Basil Bernstein’s concept, which is applied to describe emotional culture scripts in their different communication contexts. It is assumed and discussed that both open-role and closed-role systems, and the corresponding elaborated and restricted codes influence children’s emotional competence. It is probable that in the open-role system, the patterns of emotional culture are more individualistic, while in the restricted-code more collective. An open-code educational situation involves talking about emotions and is based on self-control. On the other hand, a restricted-code may result in poor emotional language and lack of internal control. In adopting a sociolinguistic lens I wanted to draw attention to the importance of communication of and about emotions in the educational environment. The article ends with a comparison of emotional competence dimensions formed in different communication systems.

ODDPub – a Text-Mining Algorithm to Detect Data Sharing in Biomedical Publications

Open research data are increasingly recognized as a quality indicator and an important resource to increase transparency, robustness and collaboration in science. However, no standardized way of reporting Open Data in publications exists, making it difficult to find shared datasets and assess the prevalence of Open Data in an automated fashion.We developed ODDPub (Open Data Detection in Publications), a text-mining algorithm that screens biomedical publications and detects cases of Open Data. Using English-language original research publications from a single biomedical research institution (n=8689) and randomly selected from PubMed (n=1500) we iteratively developed a set of derived keyword categories. ODDPub can detect data sharing through field-specific repositories, general-purpose repositories or the supplement. Additionally, it can detect shared analysis code (Open Code).To validate ODDPub, we manually screened 792 publications randomly selected from PubMed. On this validation dataset, our algorithm detected Open Data publications with a sensitivity of 0.74 and specificity of 0.97. Open Data was detected for 11.5% (n=91) of publications. Open Code was detected for 1.4% (n=11) of publications with a sensitivity of 0.73 and specificity of 1.00. We compared our results to the linked datasets found in the databases PubMed and Web of Science.Our algorithm can automatically screen large numbers of publications for Open Data. It can thus be used to assess Open Data sharing rates on the level of subject areas, journals, or institutions. It can also identify individual Open Data publications in a larger publication corpus. ODDPub is published as an R package on GitHub.