Memories of Underdevelopment: What Has Marxism Done for Medieval History, and What Can It Still Do?

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Wickham
Keyword(s):  
European Countries ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
Wage Labour ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
Economic Developments

This chapter examines the medieval history of Europe within the context of Marxism, discussing the changes in class conflicts and their role in determining the socio-economic developments of European countries. It determines the historical contributions Marxism has made to medieval history and the future challenges it has to face. The chapter focuses on Marxist medieval history, which was dominated by the three strands of production in agrarian and feudal societies: slave plantations, peasant farming, and wage labour.

A Historical Perspective of Robotics Toward the Future

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ceccarelli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Design Data ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
History Of

In this paper a historical overview is presented dealing with the conception and development of devices that can be considered as robots today with the aim to identify the future challenges for roboticists. The historical background can be used as guidance for future successful developments when design data and requirements are recognized from historical well-established needs, problems and applications, which can be re-formulated through modern means for modern solutions. Thus, in the paper an overview of history of robotics is presented as based on main aspects and concepts.

Intercountry Adoption in Europe 1998–2008: Patterns, Trends and Issues

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Selman
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Intercountry Adoption ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Peter Selman examines the recent history of intercountry adoption in Europe in the context of the enlarged EU, which contains both receiving and sending countries. The article provides a detailed analysis of the movement of children for adoption between European countries and examines the impact of intercountry adoption on the well-being of children in Europe and current debates in the European Parliament on the future of intercountry adoption in Europe.

scholarly journals Counseling in Turkey: Current Status and Future Challenges

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suleyman Dogan
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
History Of

In this article a special emphasis is placed on the current status and the future challenges of counseling in Turkey. A brief history of counseling in Turkey, current developments, and the basic issues in this field are pointed out. Finally, the future challenges and recommendations to improve the current status of counseling are discussed.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Gabriëls ◽  
Robert Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe

The tension between monolingualism and multilingualism has left its mark on the cultural history of Europe. Current public and academic debates about the Englishization of higher education pitch proponents of the monolingual ideal of a common language that promotes communication against advocates of the maintenance of linguistic diversity that does more justice to the multicultural reality and enriches life. Notwithstanding the differences between European countries, the switch from an initially monolingual curriculum to a bilingual and sometimes multilingual curriculum in higher education has led to debates about the consequences of the Englishization for the quality of higher education, cultural identity, inequality between stakeholders and the opportunities to express concern about this process.

Current Trends in the Economic History of Southeast Asia

1995 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Thomas Lindblad
Keyword(s):  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
Colonial Economy ◽  
Economic Developments

New winds are blowing in the writing of the economic history of Southeast Asia. The traditional Eurocentric perspective of the colonial economy is gradually giving way to a more Asian perspective stressing similarities and mutual links within the region itself. The issue of Western expansion now appears less vital than long-run economic developments in the Asian economies. Political power struggles in colonial relationships are squeezed aside and replaced by a more quantification and an increasing appreciation of dynamic change that does not readily fit into the model of Westernstyle modernization. The aim of this article is to discuss some positions and directions that have come to the fore in the economic history of Southeast Asia in recent years. Without claiming to offer a full coverage of the field, it is believed that trends thus identified may suggest, at least in part, the future course of Southeast Asian economic history.

ORDEN TOPOGRÁFICO Y CONTEXTO LITÚRGICO PARA LA CÁMARA SANTA, TESORO DE SAN SALVADOR DE OVIEDO. Topographic order and liturgical context for the “Cámara Santa”, Treasury of San Salvador de Oviedo

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Eduardo Carrero Santamaría
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Gothic Cathedral ◽  
Functional Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
The 19Th Century

La catedral de San Salvador de Oviedo posee uno de los edificios relicario más complejos de la historia medieval de Europa, la Cámara Santa. Entendido como tesoro de la catedral, el espectacular desarrollo del culto alrededor de su colección de reliquias entre los siglos XI y XII lo convirtió en el eje vertebrador de todo el conjunto catedralicio, prácticamente hasta nuestros días. En este artículo se trata la especificidad arquitectónica de la Cámara Santa, planteada como un unicum en la arquitectura de su contexto inmediato. En este sentido, se analiza el desarrollo del culto a las reliquias en San Salvador y su relación con la liturgia de la catedral. A comienzos del siglo XV, la bula papal sobre el jubileo de las reliquias de la catedral ayudó a promocionar el culto, a la par que condicionó la construcción de la catedral gótica, cuyo transepto se convirtió en un eje litúrgico básico para entender el desarrollo funcional de la catedral hasta el siglo XIX.The Cathedral of San Salvador de Oviedo has one of the most complex reliquary buildings in the medieval history of Europe, the so called “Cámara Santa”. Understood as the treasury of the cathedral, the spectacular development of the cult around its collection of relics between the eleventh and twelfth centuries made it the backbone of the entire cathedral complex, practically to the present day. This article deals with the architectural specificity of the “Cámara Santa”, raised as a unicum in the architecture of its immediate architectural context. In this sense, I analyze the development of the cult of relics in San Salvador and its relationship with the liturgy of the cathedral. At the beginning of the fifteenth century, the papal bull on the jubilee of the relics of the cathedral helped to promote the cult, and conditioned the construction of the Gothic cathedral, whose transept became a basic liturgical axis to understand the functional development of San Salvador until the 19th century.

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