Role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in phytoremediation of heavy metals and effects on growth and biochemical activities of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) plants in Zn contaminated soils

Human activities have introduced large amounts of heavy metals into natural ecosystems in recent years. As a result, the accumulation of heavy metals and metalloids in plants, animals, and humans, which may have caused some health problems. Chemical and physical methods can remove the heavy metal in contaminated soil, but both are very expensive and ineffective. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are mutualistic symbionts in most plant roots. Furthermore, AMF are the essential mycorrhizae for phytoremediation, and the extensive hyphal network of them can increase the uptake of micro and macronutrients, water and heavy metals from the soil. However, AMF hyphae colonized in plant roots have an ability for compartmentalizing heavy metals inside plant roots. Furthermore, AMF hyphae are capable of secreting a glycoprotein, named glomalin, which can bind heavy metals and subsequently remove heavy metals absorbed by the plants from contaminated soil. Glomalin can develop the properties and structure of the soil, which helps to enhance soil fertility. This paper presents the role of AMF in the ecosystems and as potential tools for bioremediation of heavy metals in the soil.

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Systemic and local regulation of phosphate and nitrogen transporter genes by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in roots of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.08.006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 199-208 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Jianfeng Duan ◽

Hui Tian ◽

Rhae A. Drijber ◽

Yajun Gao

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Local Regulation

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The Current Survey of Indigenous Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Benghazi’s Coastal Plain

10.36602/jmuas.2019.v01.01.23 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 291-297

Author(s):

Marei Abdelkarim

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽

Wheat Plant ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Microbial Interactions ◽

Phosphorus Fertilization ◽

Mutualistic Symbiosis

Rhizospheres of crop plants are complexes of chemical and microbial interactions. Of importance, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are beneficial microorgansims associated with roughly eighty-percent of terrestrial land plants. In this mutualistic symbiosis, the fungus receives the photosynthetic product (sugar) fixed from its host by photosynthesis. In return, the host plant gains a plethora of benefits from the fungus such as enhanced nutrient uptakes, protection against both biotic (soil-borne root pathogens, insect attack) and abiotic (drought, heavy metal pollution, and soil salinity) stresses. Taxonomically, AMF belong to a new erected phylum called Glomeromycota. The field study was conducted in a farm owned and supervised by The Great Man-Made Project in February 2019. The present study was performed to determine the presence or the absence of AMF in a field cultivated with wheat crops (Triticum aestivum, L.) during the vegetative stage, and also to investigate soil physiochemical properties effect on AMF colonization. Results showed that colonization of wheat plant roots were significantly low. The result clearly implies that high-input fertilizers viz., phosphorus fertilization, and agricultural practices such as intensive tillage drastically reduced AMF colonization.

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