Exploring the lifeworlds of children in Hong Kong: Parents report on after school time use

Practitioners and evaluators face several constraints in conducting rigorous evaluations to determine program effect. Researchers have offered the retrospective pretest/posttest design as a remedy to curb response-shift bias and better estimate program effects. This article presents an example of how After School Matters (ASM) tested the use of retrospective pretest/posttest design for evaluating out-of-school time (OST) programs for high school youth participants. Differences between traditional pretest and retrospective pretest scores were statistically significant, but effect sizes were negligible, indicating that both pretests yielded similar results. Interviews with youth led to 3 key findings that have implications for ASM using retrospective pretests with youth: response-shift bias was more prominent in youth interviews than in quantitative findings, youth recommended reordering the questions so that the retrospective pretest appears first to increase comprehension, and acquiescence bias emerged in the interviews. This study demonstrates that the retrospective pretest/posttest design can be an alternative to the traditional pretest/posttest design for OST at ASM. These findings are important for ASM and other youth-serving organizations, which often have limited capacity to survey youth multiple times within 1 program session.

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The out-of-home activities of older people in Hong Kong: A time-use study

Transportation Research Procedia ◽

10.1016/j.trpro.2019.09.129 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 807-810

Author(s):

Sylvia Y. He ◽

Sandip Chakrabarti ◽

Yannie H.Y. Cheung ◽

Winky W.K. Ngai

Keyword(s):

Hong Kong ◽

Older People ◽

Time Use

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Parental Concerns About After-School Time: Antecedents and Correlates Among Dual-Earner Parents

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x09353019 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 606-625 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rosalind Chait Barnett ◽

Karen C. Gareis ◽

Laura Sabattini ◽

Nancy M. Carter

Keyword(s):

After School ◽

School Time ◽

Parental Concerns ◽

Dual Earner

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Academic Stress and Physical Activity in Adolescents

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/4696592 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Karel Frömel ◽

Michal Šafář ◽

Lukáš Jakubec ◽

Dorota Groffik ◽

Radim Žatka

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Academic Stress ◽

School Level ◽

After School ◽

Cognitive Stress ◽

Work Related ◽

School Time ◽

Healthy Working ◽

School Day

The issue of work-related mental health needs to be addressed at the school level. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between academic stress (AS) of adolescent boys and girls and their physical activity (PA) during recesses and after school and to propose measures to promote the adoption of lifelong healthy working habits. Adolescents from 16 schools in the Czech Republic and 6 schools in Poland participated in the study (187 boys and 339 girls). Monitoring of PA and cognitive stress was conducted during one school day. We used ActiTrainer accelerometers to monitor PA and physical inactivity. Data on time of PA and self-reported AS in school lessons were collected using recording sheets. We split the participants into two groups: those without a self-reported stressor and those who indicated one or more stressors. Differences in overall PA during recesses, as well as after-school PA, between boys with and without AS were not statistically significant for any PA characteristics. We observed similar results for girls. Repeated measures ANOVA confirmed that differences in PA (steps/hour) during recesses following particular lessons between participants with and without AS were not statistically significant in boys or girls (F(4,1612) = 1.83, p=0.121 , ηp2=0.005). It is noteworthy that girls with AS were statistically significantly more likely to meet the 6000 steps after school time recommendation (39%) than girls without AS (18%; p<0.001). The study did not confirm the assumption that adolescents reporting AS have less PA during recesses or even after school than adolescents without AS. However, the overall low PA of adolescents during recesses and after school highlights the need to compensate for AS by adequate PA. This is especially true for adolescents with recurrent AS in several consecutive lessons.

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Accelerometer-Measured Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Taiwanese Adolescents

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16224392 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (22) ◽

pp. 4392 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wen-Yi Wang ◽

Yu-Ling Hsieh ◽

Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽

Yang Liu ◽

Yung Liao

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Sedentary Time ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

After School ◽

Behavior Patterns ◽

Activity Levels ◽

School Time ◽

Sedentary Bouts

Levels of physical activity and sedentary behavior among adolescents seem to vary within different settings, but few Asian studies have compared physical activity and sedentary activity patterns in adolescents across weekdays/weekends and during-school time/after-school time. This study aimed to provide objectively measured data describing intensity-specific physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns in Taiwanese adolescents. The results were sorted by gender and divided between weekdays/weekends and during-school time/after-school time. A total of 470 Taiwanese students (49.6% boys, ages 12–15 y) were recruited and fitted with GT3X+ accelerometers for seven days. Intensity-specific physical activity, total sedentary time, and sedentary bouts (number and duration ≥30 min) were measured. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the significant differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior patterns between the genders on weekdays/weekends and during school/after-school time. The results show that the adolescents’ overall activity levels were below recommended thresholds, with girls engaging in significantly less moderate to vigorous physical activity, having longer sedentary time, longer time spent in sedentary bouts, and more frequent sedentary bouts than boys. Similar results were observed in physical activities of each intensity as well as sedentary behavior variables, both on weekdays/weekends and during-school/after-school periods. These findings emphasize the importance of developing and implementing approaches to increase moderate to vigorous physical activity, as well as decrease prolonged sedentary time and long sedentary bouts, especially for Taiwanese girls.

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