scholarly journals Spatial structure and development of settlements in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration

Baltic Region ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-69
Author(s):  
Stanislav Lachininsky ◽  
Ivan Sorokin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Shopping Malls ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Growth Area ◽  
The City

This article explores the spatial structure and development of settlements comprising the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. Previous studies and database sources, which were never used before (the Federal Tax Service [FTS] database and SPARK-Interfax), are analysed to reveal factors in the economic development of metropolitan areas as well as to understand how settlements develop in Russia’s second-largest city agglomeration. The borders and composition of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration are brought up to date. Examining the population size of the settlements helps locate the ‘growth belt’ of the agglomeration. Lists of major enterprises of the city and the region make it possible to identify patterns in the economic development of the study area. The SPARK-Interfax database aids in clarifying relationships between spatial elements of the agglomeration (its core and satellites) in the distribution of revenues of economic agents. Data on the location of the largest retail stores — shopping malls and hypermarkets — are used to identify the main centres of commerce in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration. A map chart has been drawn using 2GIS and Yandex Maps geoinformation services. An important step in agglomeration analysis is the identification of residential development hotspots. FTS data on property tax base are the main source of relevant information. FTS reports contain data on the number of residential buildings and units covered by the database. Further, FTS statistics is employed to trace income and job distribution across the study area. The current functions of settlement in the Saint Petersburg agglomeration have been determined. According to the findings, the spatial structure of the agglomeration has three groups of ‘backbone centres’. The agglomeration includes a core, a population growth area (‘growth belt’), commuting sources and recipients, and ‘backbone centres’.

Competitiveness and Polycentrism for SMEs in Bogotá Region, Colombia

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-79
Author(s):  
Luis Armando Blanco ◽  
Fabio Fernando Moscoso Duran ◽  
Julián Marcel Libreros
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Economic Geography ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
New Economic Geography ◽  
City Region ◽  
Central Thesis ◽  
The City ◽  
Edge Cities

This chapter studies the dynamics of Bogotá Region based on the New Economic Geography and the recent works on economic development in two big dimensions: the economic and the spatial structure; that is, productivity and polycentrism. The central thesis, supported on an econometric exercise for SMEs in 20 cities in Bogotá-Sabana region, is that with greater strength in the interior of Bogotá and less in the city region, a transition from monocentrism to functional polycentrism is consolidating. Krugman's Edge Cities model concludes that polycentrism comes from a process of spontaneous self-organization and produces a territorial order according to the mysterious ZIP law and consistent with efficiency, equity, and sustainability.

scholarly journals Some Questions About Evaluating the Role Transport Factor in Economic History the North-West of Russia in the Late XIX – early XX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Kuznetsov ◽  
Nikolay M. Mezhevich ◽  
Vladimir M. Razumovsky
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
North West ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The North ◽  
The City

Introduction. At present, the understanding that the solution of economic problems facing Russia cannot be based on standard economic approaches and models. It is gradually becoming obvious that attention to the spatial and historical features of the development of the Russian economy has not only academic interest, but also quite obvious practical significance. This can be proved on historical, or more precisely, historical and economic material. In fact, the theory of logic, taken broadly, is based on this. The development of transport and versatile tool to reduce the adverse impacts of space on the eco-economy, physical space turns into economic. The lack of transport connectivity of territories devalues the space of the economy (economic space) to a physical or geographical space. The purpose of the article is to show the role of the city of Saint Petersburg in the economic space of the North-West (understood as Saint Petersburg, Saint Petersburg, Novgorod, Pskov provinces) and Russia as a whole, through the development of railway transport in a concrete historical way. Materials and Methods. The historical method is used as the main method. In Russia, the spatial analysis method is almost mandatory, and it is also applied in this article. This method has been widely used in economic history, particularly in the study of transport. At the same time, we recognize the existence of research methods and techniques that are not suitable for this work, for example, the practice of economic and demographic analysis, especially in the neo-Malthusian version. The authors involve in the analysis the works of Russian and foreign scientists on the topic of the article. Results. The article shows the role of the city of Saint Petersburg as an economic and transport center taken in historical dynamics. The role of an important but single transport center in the economic development of Russia is revealed. The thesis is proved that the optimal choice of reference points for economic development has a positive impact on the development of the economic space of the entire country. Discussion and Conclusion. The article proves that the spatial scale of Russia contributes to the fact that the financial results of economic activity can be localized at a significant distance from the place of economic activity.

The peculiarities of transformation of the economy of large and medium-sized cities in the Western Region of Ukraine: a comparative analysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Viktor Borshchevskyy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Urban Economy ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Spatial Localization ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The Western Region ◽  
The City

The problems of structural changes in the economy of large and medium-sized cities of the Western region of Ukraine are investigated. Special attention is paid to the spatial localization of cities, the cultural and historical traditions of functioning of their economy, the branch specialization and institutional environment of influence on the formation of business climate and economic development as the main factors of structural transformation of urban economy. To compare the peculiarities of economy transformation in the selected for the study large and medium-sized cities of the Western region of Ukraine, the dynamics of change of individual comparable indicators of their development in 2010 - 2017 were analyzed. This primarily relates to such indicators as the volume of freight transportations, the total area of new residential buildings, the retail turnover of enterprises, the capital investments, as well as the export services and its ratio to the export of goods. Based on the analysis of the relevant data, the main tendencies of structural transformation of the economy of large and medium-sized cities of the Western region of Ukraine that were selected for the study have been identified. The mentioned structural transformation are confirmed to be occurring primarily in the direction of equalization of the branch proportions of economic development of cities, irrespective of their size. At the same time, there is a tendency to move from mono-functional to poly-functional specialization of the urban economy on the basis of accelerated growth of those types of economic activity, the potential of which has not been fully realized before. The research gave the basis for the conclusion that the size of the city is not the determinative factor for the development or decline of certain types of their economic activity. Instead, spatial localization and traditions of business culture as well as the characteristic features of the evolution of the institutional environment of the city and the quality of human capital have the primary importance.

scholarly journals Trends of Economic Development of Warsaw and their Spatial Implications

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-231
Author(s):  
Mirosław Grochowski ◽  
Marek Pieniążek ◽  
Waldemar Wilk ◽  
Tomasz Zegar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Employment Structure ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Activity Types ◽  
The City

Abstract The article presents trends of change in Warsaw’s economic structure and their influence upon the formation of the city’s functional and spatial structure. Using the latest data on the employment structure and kinds of economic entities and their distribution, an attempt has also been made to determine the degree of absorption of the city economy by pro-development activities. On the basis of experiences of other European cities activity types indicating the existence of development trends in the city economy (pro-development activities) were chosen. Next, changes in the number of economic entities in these areas in 1988-2004 were analyzed. Research on the distribution of economic entities in Warsaw is based upon data from the REGON register.

scholarly journals Transformations récentes de l’agglomération québécoise : fonctions, population et organisation de l’espace

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 7-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Trotier
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Central Zone ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Historic Buildings ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
The Third ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
The Many ◽  
The City

Over the last ten years the Québec City agglomeration has been subject to numerous transformations despite the city's rather mediocre economic development and a rate of increase of population which is lower than that of most large cities of Canada. These transformations present differing characteristics in the various sectors of the city and of its suburbs. The central zone of the agglomeration, where the population is decreasing, has been the locale of rather extensive urban renewal despite the many problems posed by historic buildings and an outmoded lot structure. A second zone, termed « peripheral » by the writer, contains the areas exhibiting the greatest increase of population of the agglomeration ; this zone is characterised by a disorderly spatial structure, typical of recently urbanised areas. Finally, the third zone, termed sub-urban, gives the appearance of having been subjected to the minimum amount of change. Here, however, farms are rapidly disappearing as a result of land speculation and incipient urbanisation.

scholarly journals The role of the factory “Bratstvo” (Brotherhood) in the development of Novi Travnik

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 228-239
Author(s):  
Mirza Džananović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Industrial Plants ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Community Budget ◽  
The City

The establishment of the socialist regime had led to thorough political, economic, social, cultural and other changes in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The first decade after the Second World War was marked by the reconstruction of the war-torn country, and great support in that process was provided by the USSR - the main ally of the new Yugoslavia. Emphasis was placed on the intensive development of the industry, which was to be the carrier of the overall economic development of the entire country. In accordance with this strategy, large industrial plants were established in all parts of Yugoslavia, thanks to which there was an intensive process of urbanization of numerous previously dormant communities. However, when there was a conflict and then a break with the USSR, Yugoslavia was forced to partially modify its economic development plans (the so-called Five-Year Plans). These changes in Bosnia and Herzegovina were most felt by cities such as Zenica, which instead of the originally planned Doboj became a Yugoslav metallurgical center, and Novi Travnik, which arose as a result of relocating part of the arms industry from Kragujevac in Serbia to central Bosnia. The factory “Bratstvo" (meaning Brotherhood) was built on a deserted meadow near Travnik in the heart of central Bosnia, and for the needs of housing workers who built industrial plants, as well as for those who worked in those plants, the first residential buildings were built in the form of low-quality wooden barracks. These were the roots of the workers' settlement that gradually grew into a new town called Novi Travnik. The fateful link between the factory and the city, which was established at that time, was not interrupted during the entire socialist period, so the survival and development of Novi Travnik completely depended on the business opportunities in the "Bratstvo" factory. The expansion of the production and plant of the "Bratstvo" also included the construction of new housing, communal, social, health, sports, cultural, catering and other facilities in Novi Travnik. A successful business year in "Bratstvo" meant a secure inflow of money into the local community budget as well as a sufficient number of funds for the work of cultural, artistic, entertainment, sports and all other societies in the city. The same rule applied in the case of bad business of "Bratstvo", and the most obvious example of how important the factory was for Novi Travnik can be seen in the case of a failed business in Ghana. The local authorities in Novi Travnik were absolutely aware of the role of the "Brotherhood" in the development of Novi Travnik and tried in every way to facilitate the functioning of the company, so, except for a few mere misunderstandings, relations between city and factory management were mostly friendly. After all, when the survival of the "Bratstvo" was called into question due to the failed business in Ghana, local authorities were among the first to appeal for the company's salvation, clearly noting that with the disappearance of the factory, the fate of Novi Travnik would be sealed. The paper presents a brief overview of the history of the company "Bratstvo" from its founding in June 1949 until the end of the socialist period in 1990, and analyses the relations between the city and factory authorities in that period. The aim of the paper was to show the importance that the factory "Bratstvo" had for the overall development of Novi Travnik and to determine how much the local authorities were aware of the role of companies in the development of the city. The paper provides insight into the processes that took place in a particular local community, but which can also be found in other industrial cities of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Yugoslavia during the socialist period.

scholarly journals Geodiversidade e Geoturismo no Noroeste do município de Piracuruca (Piauí) / Geodiversity and Geotourism in the Northwest of the municipality of Piracuruca (Piauí)

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (54) ◽  
pp. 598-609
Author(s):  
Marineldo De Brito Lima ◽  
Francílio De Amorim Dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Rocky Outcrop ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Sandy Sediments ◽  
The City ◽  
Lack Of Knowledge

O estudo teve como objetivo identificar e caracterizar áreas com distinta geodiversidade na parte Noroeste do município de Piracuruca, Estado do Piauí, bem como mensurar os Valores Turísticos (Vtur) de cada Geossítio identificado, como forma de ordena-los a partir de seus aspectos turísticos relevantes. Nesse sentido, foi relevante a realização do estudo, pois contribuiu para identificação das potencialidades Geoturísticas e possibilidade de aproveitamento dos espaços naturais de maneira a aliar desenvolvimento socioeconômico e Geoconservação. Os procedimentos metodológicos fundamentaram-se em levantamento cartográfico associado ao trabalho de campo e emprego de proposta metodológica para inventariação dos Valores Turísticos (Vtur) dos Geossítios identificados. Cabe salientar que o relevo da área exibe feições resultantes da erosão diferencial, formas exorcárticas, riachos de leitos rochosos, monolitos com presença de poligonação, presença de sedimentos arenosos e pinturas rupestres com motivos geométricos. Ressalta-se que os Vtur obtidos para os Geossítios apresentaram notas relativamente baixas, em virtude da falta de acessibilidade e ausência de infraestrutua, bem como pouca utilização e falta de conhecimento sobre os mesmos. Frente o relatado levanta-se a sugestão de criação de um roteiro Geoturístico com foco no desenvolvimento econômico local aliado à Geoconservação do afloramento Mocozal.Palavras-chave: Afloramento rochoso; Potencialidades; Conservação.AbstractThe objective of this study was to identify and characterize areas with a distinct geodiversity in the Northwest part of the city of Piracuruca, Piauí State, as well as to measure the Tourist Values (Vtur) of each identified Geosite, as a way of ordering them from their tourist aspects relevant information. In this sense, it was relevant to carry out the study, as it contributed to the identification of Geotourism potentialities and the possibility of using natural spaces in a way that combines socioeconomic development and Geoconservation. The methodological procedures were based on a cartographic survey associated to the field work and the use of a methodological proposal to inventory the Tourist Values (Vtur) of the identified Geosites. It should be noted that the relief of the area shows features resulting from differential erosion, exorcárticas forms, rocky bed streams, monoliths with presence of polygons, presence of sandy sediments and rock paintings with geometric motifs. It is noteworthy that the Vtur obtained for the Geossites had relatively low marks, due to the lack of accessibility and lack of infrastructure, as well as little use and lack of knowledge about them. In front of the reported, the suggestion is made to create a Geotourism script focusing on local economic development allied to the Geoconservation of the Mocozal outcrop.Keywords: Rocky outcrop; Potentialities; Conservation

scholarly journals MAPPING AN URBAN CITY CENTRE FOR SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT: APPLICATION TO VALENCIA (SPAIN)

2020 ◽  
Vol XLIV-M-1-2020 ◽  
pp. 817-824
Author(s):  
L. Basset-Salom ◽  
A. Guardiola-Víllora
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Risk ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Residential Building ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Urban City ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
The City

Abstract. Seismic risk in urban city centres may be high, even when the city is in low to moderate seismic areas, due to the vulnerability of the residential buildings. To assess the seismic vulnerability and estimate the expected damage in case of occurrence of an earthquake, an up-to-date detailed and comprehensive information of the residential building stock, such as number of dwellings, location, age, geometry, stiffness irregularities, structure, constructive system and practices, among others, is needed. This paper presents the authors experience, describing the step by step procedure followed to obtain the required information to classify and catalogue the residential buildings of the historical neighbourhoods of the city of Valencia into a database. Official sources, like the Cadastral Database, the website of the Urban Planning Service of the city of Valencia, the Municipal Historical Archive of Valencia, and the Historical Archive of the Valencian Architects Society, but also unexpected references are shared, pointing out the information that has been retrieved and its reliability. Additionally, relevant information must be obtained with an on-site data collection. This field work is essential not only to prove the accuracy of the abovementioned data but also to define some of the parameters related to the building vulnerability.The built database, included in a GIS system, has been used by the authors for seismic risk studies. This procedure can be implemented in future assessments at an urban scale.

scholarly journals Spatial Aspects of Urban Planning: A Case Study for Saint-Petersburg Agglomeration

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Vitaly Garmanov ◽  
Vladimir Bogdanov ◽  
Vladimir Badenko ◽  
Vladimir Zaikin
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
System Development ◽  
Housing Development ◽  
Gulf Of Finland ◽  
North West ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
The North ◽  
The City ◽  
The Gulf Of Finland

The spatial structure of the St. Petersburg metropolitan area and the system development of the territory based on the Master Urban Development Plan of St. Petersburg was analyzed. Perspective territories for housing, located in the north-west and south of the city were examined. The structure of housing development in the first agglomeration zone was described. Alluvial territories in the Gulf of Finland near the city for housing development was analyzed.

scholarly journals Directions of socio—economic transformation of single—industry towns (on the example of the city of Kotovsk, Tambov region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
S. P. Yukhachev ◽  
V. I. Menshchikova ◽  
D. D. Talalaev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Tax Base ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Single Industry ◽  
The City

The article reveals the problems of socio–economic development of single– industry towns in Russia. The directions of socio–economic transformation of a monotown have been determined: formation of target documents for development; creation of zones of attraction for investors; diversification of production of the city–forming enterprise. It is concluded that the city of Kotovsk, as one of the monocities, needs to attract financial injections of small and large investors. At the same time, the successful implementation of all announced investment projects will have a positive impact on the diversification of the economy of a single–industry town, the growth of its tax base and the welfare of the population, as well as a decrease in the outflow of labor.

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