scholarly journals The importance of the interface in the management of acute respiratory failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (81) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Jelena Vojnović ◽  
Sanja Hromiš
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Mechanical Ventilatory Support ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Poor Patient ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Different Types

Non-invasive ventilation is a form of mechanical ventilatory support that doesn't require endotracheal intubation of the patient. The interface (mask) is a connection between the device and the patient that allows the set pressure gradient supplied by the ventilator to be transmitted to the airways. Today, there are different types of interfaces, which differ in shape, size, mechanical properties, and comfort. Despite the wide of different mask, common reasons for poor patient adaptation to NIV are related to side effects of the interface such as air loss, skin damage, and mask discomfort. We can prevent these side effects with a basic knowledge of the principles of handling and selecting the optimal interface.

Non-invasive ventilation as a prehospital intervention for acute COPD exacerbation

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 376-380
Author(s):  
Samuel McCreesh
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Pharmacological Therapy ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Prehospital Treatment ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the second most common respiratory illness in the UK, affecting over 1 million people. Acute exacerbations of COPD are a common presentation to the ambulance service and account for thousands of hospital admissions annually. Acute respiratory failure accompanies approximately 20% of exacerbations. Current prehospital treatment focuses on oxygen and pharmacological therapy to treat the underlying causes. Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is a method of ventilatory support that does not require endotracheal intubation, avoiding significant risks associated with intubation and sedation. While some UK ambulance services have introduced NIV, UK guidelines primarily focus on hospital use. International trials have shown prehospital NIV to be more effective than standard treatment in terms of reducing the need for intubation and invasive ventilation in hospital. However, further research is necessary before NIV is introduced widely in UK prehospital paramedic practice.

Non-invasive ventilation as primary ventilatory support for infants with severe bronchiolitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Etienne Javouhey ◽  
Audrey Barats ◽  
Nathalie Richard ◽  
Didier Stamm ◽  
Daniel Floret
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

scholarly journals Predictive Factors of Ventilatory Support in Chest Trauma

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1154
Author(s):  
Silvia Fattori ◽  
Elisa Reitano ◽  
Osvaldo Chiara ◽  
Stefania Cimbanassi
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Rib Fractures ◽  
Pulmonary Contusion ◽  
Thoracic Injury ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

This study aims to define possible predictors of the need of invasive and non-invasive ventilatory support, in addition to predictors of mortality in patients with severe thoracic trauma. Data from 832 patients admitted to our trauma center were collected from 2010 to 2017 and retrospectively analyzed. Demographic data, type of respiratory assistance, chest injuries, trauma scores and outcome were considered. Univariate analysis was performed, and binary logistic regression was applied to significant data. The injury severity score (ISS) and the revised trauma score (RTS) were both found to be predictive factors for invasive ventilation. Multivariate analysis of the anatomical injuries revealed that the association of high-severity thoracic injuries with trauma in other districts is an indicator of the need for orotracheal intubation. From the analysis of physiological parameters, values of systolic blood pressure, lactate, and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score indicate the need for invasive ventilatory support. Predictive factors for non-invasive ventilation include: RTS, ISS, number of rib fractures and presence of hemothorax. Risk factors for death were: age over 65, the presence of bilateral rib fractures, pulmonary contusion, hemothorax and associated head trauma. In conclusion, the need for invasive ventilatory support in thoracic trauma is associated to the patient’s systemic severity. Non-invasive ventilation is a supportive treatment indicated in physiologically stable patients regardless of the severity of thoracic injury.

scholarly journals Is non-invasive ventilation the best ventilatory support for 'do not intubate' patients?

Critical Care ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Lacroix ◽  
Julien Legodec ◽  
Erwan D'Aranda ◽  
Pierre Esnault ◽  
Pierre-Emmanuel Romanat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation

Non-invasive ventilation

2007 ◽  
pp. 287-292
Keyword(s):  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Nasal Mask ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Acute Setting ◽  
Negative Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Volume Controlled

Non-invasive ventilation 288 Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) refers to the delivery of ventilatory support via the upper airway using a face or nasal mask. In this chapter NIV refers to non-invasive positive pressure ventilation; negative pressure ventilation (e.g. external cuirass) is not used in the acute setting and will not be discussed. Ventilators can be either pressure or volume controlled, but bi-level pressure support ventilators are by far the most commonly used....

scholarly journals Long-term non-invasive ventilation in muscular dystrophy

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Kinnear ◽  
J Colt ◽  
L Watson ◽  
P Smith ◽  
L Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hypoventilation Syndrome ◽  
Obesity Hypoventilation

Long-term non-invasive ventilation (NIV) was introduced in the 1980s, initially mainly for patients with poliomyelitis, muscular dystrophy (MD) or scoliosis. The obesity-hypoventilation syndrome has since become the commonest reason for referral to most centres providing home-NIV. Patients with MD are numerically a much smaller part of the workload, but as their disease progresses the need for ventilatory support changes and they require regular comprehensive assessment of their condition. We have examined the trend in MD use of home-NIV in our unit over the last 25 years. The number of new referrals appears to be stabilizing at around 20–25 over a 5-year period, equivalent to approximately 0.5 per 100,000 of population per year. The mean age at commencement of home-NIV is now 37.5 years, with 5-year survival rates of 70–75%. Ten-year survival rates are just over 40%. The distance of usual place of residence from our unit is fairly stable, currently at a mean of 27 km. Excellent survival rates mean that patients with MD, while numerically small, are likely to remain an important part of the workload of centres providing home-NIV. Our data should prove useful in the planning of future services for this group of patients.

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