The impact of resilience on burnout syndrome in nursing teachers in high medical schools

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a condition caused by chronic stress at the workplace. Resilience is the ability to cope with the negative situations in life. Purpose: To evaluate the extent of burnout syndrome in nursing teachers at medical high schools and the effect of the level of resilience on burnout syndrome. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study interviewed 101 nursing teachers at four medical schools. Teacher Burnout Scale, The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and socio-demographic questionnaire have been used as instruments of the study. Results: The majority of nursing teachers had moderate symptom of burnout syndrome. The average result on the burnout scale was 56.1. Statistical analyzes showed that there is no statistically significant difference in the manifestation of burnout syndrome in teachers in relation to demographic characteristics (sex, marital status, years of work experience and subjects at medical school). By analysing the results of the two scales, it has been established that there is no statistically significant association between the burnout intensity and the degree of resilience in nursing teachers. Conclusion: The results of the study showed moderate level of burnout in nursing teachers. This may help as an encouragement to develop a strategy for preventing emergence of the burnout syndrome. The results will be useful for further research of burnout syndrome in nursing teachers.

The importance of GRACE score in health care planning of patients after acute myocardial infarction

Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AIM) is ischemic myocardial necrosis and is associated with a number of adverse outcomes that complicate patient health care. Assessment of patient status, risk factors, and adverse outcomes has a significant impact on patient care planning after AIM. The GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) score is of great importance in risk stratification in these patients. Objective: To determine the importance of determining the GRACE score in order to set priorities in the planning of patient care after acute myocardial infarction. Method: A retrospective study examined 50 patients, both sexes, aged 28 to 75 years, with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PKI), who were treated at the Zvezdara Clinical Hospital in Belgrade during the research period, from January to March 2020. Data were taken from the medical records of these patients. During the study, AIM type, comorbidities, CVD risk factors, GRACE score and frequency of complex nursing interventions in patients with low, moderate, and high-risk of adverse cardiac events were monitored. Results: Out of a total of 50 examinees with AIM treated with PKI, 74% had STEMI and 26% NSTEMI. 84% of patients had positive family history, 64% hypertension, 2% diabetes, 48% obesity, 52% were smokers and 6% of them were using alcohol. The values of the GRACE score were increased as follows: in four patients more than 140, while in one of them a moderate value was recorded, and in one low value of the GRACE score. In the course of six months, three patients, who had high GRACE scores on hospitalization, had a lethal outcome. Complex nursing interventions in the intensive care unit are more common in patients who have high GRACE score values after AIM. Conclusion: The GRACE score can be used as an important guideline in planning the health care of patients after an acute myocardial infarction.

Current knowledge and attitudes of nurses: Technicians regarding hospital aquired infections

Introduction: Intrahospital infections have a great impact on the mortality rate and morbidity of hospitalized patients. The importance of nosocomial infections makes it important for nurses to know and implement preventive measures during provision of nursing care. Objective: To analyze knowledge and attitudes of nurses about nosocomial infections. Material and methods: The research was conducted on a population of nurses and technicians employed at the General Hospital in Subotica. The sample included 44 participants. The research instrument was a questionnaire designed for the purposes of the research. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and hi-square test. Results: The definition of nosocomial infections was known to 68% of respondents, but only 50% of respondents knew that the hands of healthcare professionals were the most common way of spreading nosocomial infections. Basic preventive measures against nosocomial infections were familiar to 82% of respondents, and 95% of the respondents thought that nurses have important role in the control and prevention of nosocomial infections. Significantly more respondents who have more than 20 years of work experience thought that nurses do not have contribution in prevention and control of nosocomial infections (p=0.011). Conclusion: Most participants were familiar with the definition of nosocomial infections and basic preventive measures. It is necessary to improve the knowledge about the ways of spreading and the risks for the occurrence of nosocomial infections.

Ways of informing parents of children with celiac disease about the disease and gluten-free nutrition

Introduction: Celiac disease is an autoimmune disease caused by an inadequate immune response in contact with gluten in genetically predisposed individuals. Barriers to maintaining a strict gluten-free diet arise due to several factors, the most common of which are: inadequate information, insufficient education about the disease, food contamination. Aim of the research: To determine the ways of informing parents about the celiac disease that has been diagnosed in their children, as well as to learn about the necessary procedures to improve information about gluten-free diet. Subjects and method: The study included a sample of 116 parents whose children are diagnosed with celiac disease and who are on a gluten-free diet. The place of research is the Institute for Maternal and Child Health of Serbia "Dr Vukan Cupic" in New Belgrade and the University Children's Clinic in Belgrade. The research instrument used is the Questionnaire on Parents' Awareness of Celiac Disease, which was created for the purposes of this research. Results with discussion: The results of the study show that 47.14% of parents of children with celiac disease ask for information about the proper nutrition of their children and gluten-free foods from the doctor of the institution where the child was diagnosed with the disease. In order to better understand the diagnosis of celiac disease in their child, 53.01% of parents most often chose to talk to the doctor who treats the child. Conclusion: Information on proper nutrition of children and gluten-free foods, as well as specific information on celiac disease, is requested from the doctor of the institution where the disease was diagnosed in the child and where they go for check-ups. Many complications caused by unrecognized celiac disease could be prevented by timely diagnosis and proper posture of the child, which contributes to good and adequate information.

Quality of life of patients with breast cancer

Introduction: Quality of life represents the overall satisfaction or dissatisfaction with one's own life. Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in Europe, North America and other Western countries, while its incidence is constantly increasing. Aim: The main aim of the study was to examine the quality of life of patients with breast cancer at the University Hospital Foča and the General Hospital Trebinje. Material and methods: The research was conducted on a sample of 120 patients in the University Hospital Foča and the General Hospital Trebinje from May to August 2019. The chosen study design is the cross-sectional study. A general questionnaire on the basic sociodemographic indicators of the respondents, a modified Short Questionnaire on Health Perception (Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire), a questionnaire on the quality of life SF-36v2 (Short form SF 36 ver 2) and the Beck Depression Scale (BDI) were used in the research. Results: The average value, of the maximum possible 100 points, by which patients assessed their physical component of quality of life is 55.3 points, of which physical functioning was assessed with 52.7 points, limitation due to physical health with 60.5 points, physical pain with 45.3 points and general health with 56.8 points. Beck's depression scale found that the largest number of patients with breast cancer do not have depression, 96 of them (80%), 21 patients (17.5%) have a mild form of depression, 2 patients (1.7%) have moderate depression, while only 1 patient (0,8%) has a severe form of depression. Conclusion: Patients with breast cancer had average values in the domain of the physical and mental component of quality of life. It has been determined that the majority of patients do not have depression.

Prevention procedures for nurses during the COVID epidemic in acute care hospital: Experiences from Republika Srpska

The epidemic of the COVID-19 disease presented a great threat to the public health. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still spreading on a global level, so the accurate global number of the infected or deceased from the COVID-19 disease is yet to be estimated or correctly counted. The nurses have always played a great role in the prevention and control of infections, isolations and public health protection. The nurses' work during the COVID-19 epidemic has created a history of nursing. Nurses have been on the front line of defense from the SARSCov-2 virus for over a year now and many of them are already on the edge of endurance, both mentally and physically. The professional security is the key for the work of nurses who are facing the danger of infection on a daily basis. The aim of this paper is to show the actions and measures taken by the nurses in Republika Srpska that could help in the decrease of the global transmission of the infection. Compared with some European countries and their fight with the epidemic, Republika Srpska has maintained the number of confirmed cases on a level which can be controlled. The prevention measures are the only thing that can stop the spread of this new infectious disease. In our biggest healthcare institution of a tertiary level, a large number of COVID procedures for nurses and other healthcare workers have been released. Nurses are, together with other healthcare professionals, actively involved in the interventions around the COVID-19 and will be one of the key factors that will stop the pandemic.

Assessment of the effects of energy drinks on the cardiovascular system among students of the medical science

Introduction: Energy potion is non-alcoholic drink, which is mostly used by young people to achieve wanted effects. But, these drinks can cause unwanted effects as well, such as cardiovascular disorder, CNS disorder and gastro-interstinal system disorder. The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of consumption of energy drinks and the knowledge of medical students regarding possible side effects, as well as to determine the acute effects after consuming energy drinks on arterial blood pressure, hemoglobin oxygen saturation, pulse and respiration. Material and methods: This study was conducted as an analytical, observational cross-sectional study at the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad. The Questionnaire on the level of knowledge and experience about the desired and unwanted effects of energy drinks was used as a research instrument. Results: Students consume energy drinks (80%) and have knowledge of possible side effects (88%). After consuming the energy drink, the differences between the average values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, hemoglobin oxygen saturation and respiration rate were determined. Conclusion: The results of the study show that most students, although they have knowledge about side effects, still consume energy drinks. Changes in cardiorespiratory function after consuming an energy drink were most pronounced in the values of arterial blood pressure.

Nursing attitudes about the strenuous of nursing procedures in comatose neurosurgical patients

Introduction: Virginia Henderson considered that every person is unique with all her biological, psychological and social characteristics, and therefore defines 14 basic human needs, that each person has to satisfy. She also advised that a nurse should help helpless people who do not have the strength, desire, or knowledge to satisfy one or more of the basic human needs. Neurosurgical patients with the most severe quantitative disorder of consciousness certainly represent a particularly vulnerable group of patients, who have deficits in all domains of basic life needs. Goal: The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of nurses about the strenous of health care procedures in comatose neurosurgical patients. Material and methods: The research was conducted at the Clinic for Neurosurgery, Clinical Center of Vojvodina as a descriptive cross-sectional study, by surveying 30 nurses. A modified questionnaire, by Marianne Neuberg, was used to assess the degree of complexity of conducting 19 health activities in patients with impaired consciousness concerning meeting their basic human needs, used is as a research instrument. Results: The results show that the nursing procedures of maintaining personal hygiene, movement and positioning of patients are considered by about 90% of nurses to be very demanding. Similar results were obtained for nursing procedures in the domains of communication, religious and religious needs. Only 4% of nurses believe that providing informational and psychological support and support to the family is not a required health care procedure. Conclusion: The nurses' attitudes indicated that the most demanding procedures for them are the provision of mental and physical care, such as transfers and positioning of patients whose extremities are in spasm. A particular challenge for nurses is health care procedures aimed at providing support to family members.

Paliative care as an integral part of nursing care

Palliative care involves a holistic approach in the treatment of patients with terminal illness with the aim of achieving the best possible quality of life and support for the patient and his family. It involves teamwork and the greatest responsibility is on the nurses because they spend the most time with patients and their family. Nursing interventions are aimed at early identification and treatment of pain and other psychological, physical and social suffering of this patients. In order for the nurse to successfully respond to all the challenges of daily work, it's necessary that she owns professional competencies which include communication, collaboration with other team members,understanding the disease and supporting the patient and family during of the illness.

Nursing practice research: A necessary factor in establishing and maintaining high nursing standards

INTRODUCTION: Research in nursing today has a major impact on current and future nursing practice, forming an essential component of the educational process. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the workplace and position in which nurses are engaged after completing the specialization in clinical care, what is their level of motivation for further education in the profession and whether they follow the results of research on nursing practice by reading professional journals. To examine whether there is a difference in attitudes towards nursing research in relation to the age of the respondents. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The research involved (N 86) nurses, clinical care specialists who completed specialist studies at the study program Clinical Care at Higher Education School of Professional Health Studies in Belgrade, until 2019. A questionnaire designed for the purposes of this research was used as an instrument. and a modified version of the Boot scale of nurses' attitudes toward research, which consists of subscales: Environmental Interest and Support, Cost-effectiveness and Benefits, and Barriers (Difficulties). RESULTS: At the level of the whole sample, the age of the respondents ranged from 24 to 59 years, on average 42 years 3 months (SD = 9 years 4 months). The largest number of respondents, 40 of them (46.5%) stated that the hospital ward was their workplace, 38 (44.2%) stated that they read only one nursing journal, 33 (38.4%) that they were quite motivated to continue education in the profession. As the age of the respondents increased, a more positive attitude towards research was recorded. CONCLUSION: Every nurse must be aware of the importance of professional development and work responsibly. The results indicate, that with the increase in the age of the respondents, a more positive attitude towards research in the domains of environmental support they have in the implementation of nursing research and the cost-effectiveness and benefits of nursing research.