Algebra Can Be Elementary … When It's Concrete

1989 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Barbara Berman ◽  
Fredda Friederwitzer

Effective mathematics requires more than the use of symbols or numerals. All students, and even many adults, need concrete models to understand mathematical concepts. Elementary and middle school children can understand and master basic concepts of mathematics, including algebra, when concrete materials are used to model these concepts. This article presents a rationale for these statements and describes a model for teaching early algebraic concepts using manipulative materials.

CHEST Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 146 (4) ◽  
pp. 713A
Author(s):  
Zoya Surani ◽  
Sree Vidya ◽  
Saherish Surani ◽  
Sarita Damaraju ◽  
Salim Surani

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (9) ◽  
pp. 630-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne B Johnson ◽  
Lorri L Pilkington ◽  
Larry C Deeb ◽  
Sheila Jeffers ◽  
Jianghua He ◽  
...  

Strategies ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Michael P. Maina ◽  
Ryan Feather ◽  
Cynthia Edmunds ◽  
Julie Schlegel Maina ◽  
Stu Ryan ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
M. Noor Hidayat ◽  
Ferdian Ronilaya ◽  
Irwan Heryanto ◽  
Muhammad Fahmi Hakim ◽  
Rohmanita D

Microsoft Office Power Point Training for Elementary School-aged Children in the Neighborhood of the Al Mu'minun Mosque RW-12 in Lowokwaru Village, Malang City, provides additional skills and motivation for elementary and middle school children to have the ability to operate and to use Microsoft Office Power Point software (MS Power Point). With the additional knowledge and expertise, these children are expected to be able to overcome problems related to their school assignments.


1997 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Rowe ◽  
Joel M. Schuldheisz ◽  
Hans van der Mars

The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the System for Observing Fitness Instruction Time (SOFIT) for measuring physical activity of elementary and middle school children. Students (N = 173,92 boys and 81 girls) from Grades 1–8 completed a standardized protocol that included lying, sitting, standing, walking, running, curl-ups, and push-ups. Heart rates were used as a criterion for concurrent validity. The results confirm the validity of the physical activity codes of SOFIT for elementary and middle school children. Activity Categories 2–5 indicate different levels of energy expenditure, whereas Categories 1 (lying) and 2 (sitting) refer to the same energy expenditure level. The common distinction between SOFIT Levels 4 and 5 as MVPA (moderate to vigorous physical activity) and SOFIT Levels 1 to 3 as non-MVPA is valid. Curl-ups and push-ups should be coded as MVPA.


2002 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 457-463
Author(s):  
Tad Watanabe

Fraction concepts continue to be one of the most challenging topics for elementary and middle school children (see, e.g., Kouba, Zawojewski, and Strutchens [1997]). One important factor in teaching and learning fractions is the use of representations. This article addresses four issues surrounding this topic: (1) tools for representing fractions, (2) methods of representing fractions, (3) fraction notations, and (4) fraction language.


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