Market Surplus of Foodgrains Across Holdings in Western Maharashtra

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1a) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
V.D. Waiwal ◽  
P.P. Pawar ◽  
A. V. Gavali ◽  
U.S. Bondar
Keyword(s):  
Market Surplus

scholarly journals Measuring Ex Ante Welfare in Insurance Markets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathaniel Hendren
Keyword(s):  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Expected Utility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Cost Curve ◽  
Optimal Insurance ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Information Sets ◽  
Market Surplus

Abstract The willingness to pay for insurance captures the value of insurance against only the risk that remains when choices are observed. This article develops tools to measure the ex ante expected utility impact of insurance subsidies and mandates when choices are observed after some insurable information is revealed. The approach retains the transparency of using reduced-form willingness to pay and cost curves, but it adds one additional sufficient statistic: the percentage difference in marginal utilities between insured and uninsured. I provide an approach to estimate this additional statistic that uses only the reduced-form willingness to pay curve, combined with a measure of risk aversion. I compare the approach to structural approaches that require fully specifying the choice environment and information sets of individuals. I apply the approach using existing willingness to pay and cost curve estimates from the low-income health insurance exchange in Massachusetts. Ex ante optimal insurance prices are roughly 30% lower than prices that maximize observed market surplus. While mandates reduce market surplus, the results suggest they would actually increase ex ante expected utility.

scholarly journals The Competitive Effects of Transmission Infrastructure in the Indian Electricity Market

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-242
Author(s):  
Nicholas Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Electricity Market ◽  
Power Market ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Transmission Expansion ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Market Surplus

The integration of markets may improve efficiency by lowering costs or reducing local market power. India, seeking to reduce electricity shortages, set up a new power market, in which transmission constraints sharply limit trade between regions. During congested hours, measures of market competitiveness fall and firms raise bid prices. I use confidential bidding data to estimate the costs of power supply and simulate market outcomes with more transmission capacity. Counterfactual simulations show that transmission expansion increases market surplus by 22 percent, enough to justify the investment. One-third of this gain is due to sellers’ response to a more integrated grid. (JEL H54, L13, L94, O13, Q41)

scholarly journals Analyzing Potato Market Participation, Market Surplus and Market Outlet Choice on Small Farm Household Level: the Case of Lemoworeda, Hadiya Zone, Southern Ethiopia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaimiso Demisse Daniso ◽  
Mebratu Alemu Sebeta ◽  
Afework Berihanu Shapa ◽  
Mesfin Melese Abile
Keyword(s):  
Market Price ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Multivariate Probit ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Market Participation ◽  
Potato Market ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Market Surplus ◽  
Hadiya Zone

Abstract This study was aimed to analysis potato market participation, market surplus and market outlet choice in Lemo woreda of Hadiya zone southern Ethiopia. In this study, primary and secondary data source were employed. Data were obtained from a sample of 202 farm household. To take 202 sample farm household simple random sampling techniques were used. For data analysis, Heckman second stage and multivariate probit models were employed to identify factors that determine potato market participation decision and potato sale volume of the farm households, and potato farmer market outlet choice respectively. The Heckman's first stages (probit) indicates that education level, sex, membership in the cooperative, distance to the nearest market, remittent from family members, own transportation facilities, seed types, frequency of extension contact, lagged market price and amount of credit that farm household used for potato production determine potato market participation. Heckman the second stage (OLS) result shows that education level, cooperative membership, family size, total cropland, oxen owned, types of seed, and lagged market price were significantly determine potato marketed surplus. On the other side; the multivariate probit results showed that the probability of choosing wholesalers, retailers, collectors, and consumers market outlet choice significantly affected by age, educational level, sex, farm experiences, distance to near market, family size, remittance, land size, product supplied to the market, own transport facility and extension service. Based on the findings of the study, we recommend that the government and concerned stakeholders should focus on promoting improved potato seed, encouraging education, promoting farmers’ cooperatives, empowering females, strengthening rural-urban infrastructure, and protecting informal labor trading.

The Market Surplus Problems of Colonial Tobacco

1927 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Market Surplus

scholarly journals Government Interventions, Market Integration, and Price Risk in Pakistan’s Punjab

1996 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi Kurosaki
Keyword(s):  
Market Integration ◽  
Salient Feature ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Price Support ◽  
Government Interventions ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Support Price ◽  
The Government ◽  
Unexplained Variation ◽  
Market Surplus

This paper empirically examines the spatial and intertemporal price relations of grains in Pakistan’s Punjab. The salient feature of the paper is that quantity variables such as market surplus and government release are incorporated in the price arbitrage model to quantify the effects of government interventions. Regression analysis using three-year crosssection data shows that the farm-gate prices of wheat after harvest are mostly explained by the government support price while those of Basmati paddy have more unexplained variation. This difference could be due to a difference in the price support mechanism. Investigation on intertemporal price relations shows that wholesale wheat prices regularly increase at the rate of storage costs in the first half of a food year, and that the price rise is repressed by the government release in the second half only in a normal year.

scholarly journals Tendencje na rynku masła i serów na świecie i w Polsce w latach 2001-2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 18(33) (4) ◽  
pp. 437-450
Author(s):  
Stanisław Stańko ◽  
Aneta Mikuła
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
World Market ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Cheese Prices ◽  
Market Surplus ◽  
Cheese Production ◽  
The Eu

Changes in production and trends in shortages / market surpluses of butter and cheese in the world and in Poland in 2001-2017 were presented. Market surplus of butter increased in New Zealand, EU and Belarus, and decreased in Australia and Ukraine. Shortages grew in China, Mexico, Iran and Turkey, and decreased in Russia and Canada. Relatively balanced production and consumption occurred in India, Pakistan, the USA and Brazil. On the cheese market, surplus grew in: EU, USA, New Zealand, Argentina and Belarus, and decreased in Australia and Ukraine. The shortages grew in: Russia, Brazil, Mexico. In Poland, there were surpluses in butter and cheese production, which resulted in growing exports, directed mainly to EU countries. Prices of butter and cheese in EU countries and on the world market were characterized by convergence. At the beginning of the analyzed period, butter prices in the EU were 134% higher than on the world market, and cheese prices were higher by 92.6%, and in 2017 these differences were respectively 6% and 0.6%.

scholarly journals Transformation of Traditional Silvo-Pastoral Home-Gardens: A Case Study in Southern Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Mangala De Zoysa
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Home Gardens ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pastoral System ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Market Surplus

The Pasture Development Program on silvo-pastoral system in traditional home-gardens in Matara district was commenced with the aim of increasing milk production and income of the small-scale cattle farmers. The objectives of the study were to analyze ecosystem changes, economic trade-offs and social breakthroughs taken place in home-gardens after the program, with the aim of expanding the program coverage. The study was conducted through a field survey interviewing 34 farmers randomly selected from the participants. Tthe farmers have changed the composition of eco-systems in their home-gardens, replaced traditional grasses with CO3 fodder, and removed number of trees disturbing fodder cultivation. They have significantly lost some traditionally cultivated crops and trees due to competition with fodder during dry seasons. The farmers have significantly increased the milk yield per cow, market surplus and income, increased the amount of fodder sufficient to feed their cattle and little market surplus, and gradually adapted to cow-done as organic fertilizer. The social breakthroughs are identified as: reduced risk of conflicts with neighbors and theft of cattle, controlled damages caused by cattle to agricultural crops, reduced time spent on feeding cattle during dry seasons, increased domestic milk consumption, and increased the number of milk collecting centers induced by increased milk production. Although the Pasture Development Program have transformed the traditional home-gardens to improved silvo-pastoral system, community governance yet to be developed in order attract externalities particularly land use planning, technology development and policy support. 

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