SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL PENETRATION RESISTANCE AND TEMPERATURE IN AGRESTE PERNAMBUCO

Based on the measurement of soil penetration resistance (PR), it is possible to identify compacted soil layers, where root growth may be harmed, affecting crop development and yield. The objective of this work was to analyze the use of management zones (MZ), delimited on the basis of mapping of the spatial variability of the soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), in the differentiation of soil compaction levels. The work was carried out in a 25.8-ha no-tillage area, cultivated under a center pivot. The ECa was measured under two soil moisture conditions (13.7 and 16.45%), using the Terram® equipment. Soil penetration resistance (PR) was measured using the SoloStar PLG5500 penetrograph. Based on the spatial variability ECa mapping, management zones (2, 3, and 4 zones) were delimited. The mean PR values ??of each MZ were compared by the t-test of means. It was possible to differentiate mean values ??of penetration resistance (PR), which vary from 0.9 to 2.10 MPa, from the characterization of management classes generated on the basis of the ECa spatial variability. The highest stratification of PR values ??was obtained as a function of sampling directed at delimited management zones when the soil had lower moisture content (13.7%). The highest mean PR values ??were obtained for the split of the ECa map into at least three classes. It was identified that for the study area there is no need to perform any mechanical decompaction operation.

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INFLUÊNCIA DA PEDOFORMA NA VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ALGUNS ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E HÍDRICOS DE UM LATOSSOLO SOB CULTIVO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2004v9n1p1-11 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zigomar Menezes de Souza ◽

José Marques Júnior ◽

Gener Tadeu Pereira ◽

Luis Fernando Moreira

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Spatial Variability ◽

Spatial Dependence ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Occurrence Patterns ◽

Very High

INFLUÊNCIA DA PEDOFORMA NA VARIABILIDADE ESPACIAL DE ALGUNS ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E HÍDRICOS DE UM LATOSSOLO SOB CULTIVO DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR[1] Zigomar Menezes de Souza; José Marques Júnior; Gener Tadeu Pereira; Luis Fernando MoreiraDepartamento de Solos e Adubos, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP, [email protected] 1 RESUMO O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a variabilidade espacial da condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado, resistência do solo à penetração e teor de água de um Latossolo Vermelho eutroférrico sob cultivo de cana de açúcar, utilizando-se métodos da estatística clássica, análises geoestatística e técnicas de interpolação de dados, com a finalidade de observar padrões de ocorrência destes atributos na paisagem. Foram feitas amostragens de solo nas profundidades de 0,0-0,2 m e 0,2-0,4 m, nos pontos de cruzamento de uma malha, com intervalos regulares de 10 m, perfazendo um total de 100 pontos. Os valores do coeficiente de variação para os dados apresentaram-se desde baixos (teor de água do solo), alto (resistência do solo à penetração) e muito alto (condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado). Observou-se a ocorrência de dependência espacial de todas as variáveis estudadas, com os maiores alcances na profundidade de 0,2-0,4 m. As variáveis condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado e teor de água do solo apresentaram grau moderado de dependência espacial, a resistência à penetração teve forte grau de dependência espacial. Pequenas variações nas formas do relevo condicionam variabilidade diferenciada para atributos físicos do solo. UNITERMOS: geoestatística, krigagem, condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado, resistência do solo à penetração. SOUZA, Z. M. de; MARQUES JUNIOR, J.; PEREIRA, G. T.; MOREIRA, L. F. INFLUENCE OF THE LANDSCAPE IN THE SPATIAL VARIABILITY OF THE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY, PENETRATION RESISTANCE AND SOIL MOISTURE IN THE SUGAR CANE CROP 2 ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate spatial variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil resistance to penetration and soil moisture in an area where sugarcane was planted under conventional tillage, using classic statistical methods, geostatistical analyses and data interpolation techniques, to assess occurrence patterns of these characteristics in the landscape. Soil was sampled depths of 0.0-0.2 m and 0.2-0.4 m, collected in intersections of a regular grid, with intervals of 10 m, in a total of 100 sampling points. Variation Coefficient (VC) were low for soil moisture, high soil for penetration resistance and very high for saturated hydraulic conductivity. All variables showed spatial dependence and the largest ones for depth of 0.2-0.4 m. Saturated hydraulic conductivity and soil moisture presented moderate spatial dependence, soil penetration resistance showed strong spatial dependence. Small variations in the landscape forms can define different spatial variability found for the physical characteristics of the soil. KEYWORDS: geostatistics, kriging, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil penetration resistance.

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MACHINE TRAFFIC AND SOIL PENETRATION RESISTANCE IN GUAVA TREE ORCHARDS

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252018v31n421rc ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 980-986 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wilson José Oliveira de Souza ◽

Danilo Eduardo Rozane ◽

Henrique Antunes de Souza ◽

William Natale ◽

Paulo André Fernandes dos Santos

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Normal Distribution ◽

Ordinary Kriging ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Sampling Grid ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Sampling Points ◽

Type 3

ABSTRACT The study was conducted in irrigated commercial orchards of ‘Paluma’ and ‘Pedro Sato’ guavas, which were mapped with a Garmin GPS unit (Cx60). Sixty five sampling points were marked on a 21 x 21 m sampling grid. Gravimetric humidity and soil penetration resistance (SPR) were evaluated with the help of an automated penetrometer rod with a type 3 cone at a 45º angle (maximum SPR 15,100 kPa). Data with non-normal distribution were analyzed by geostatistics and interpolation by ordinary kriging. SPR values were higher where machine traffic occurs than on the lines where the crop is planted. There was spatial variability of the SPR among the layers evaluated, with the layer between 0.10-0.20 m, on the line of the machine traffic, presenting a higher SPR (>4000 kPa).

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Amostral Optimization of Mechanical Resistance to the Penetration of a Yellow Oxisol Under Pasture

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v10n9p275 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 275 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fabiane Pereira Machado Dias ◽

Ésio de Castro Paes ◽

Flávia de Jesus Nunes ◽

Ana Carolina Rabelo Nonato ◽

Neilon Duarte da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Soil Type ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Root Penetration ◽

Mechanical Resistance ◽

Northeast Brazil ◽

Soil Resistance ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Pasture Area ◽

Resistance To Penetration

The degradation of pastures can be characterized by several factors, mainly due to the management adopted, so in view of the country’s territorial extension and the peculiarity of each region and soil type, it is essential to develop research to improve the monitoring of the system. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different sample densities to establish a mesh that gives precision in maps of spatial variability of soil mechanical resistance to root penetration to pasture areas in the coastal tableland region of Northeast Brazil. In a pasture area, three sampling meshes were demarcated for georeferenced evaluation of soil mechanical resistance to root penetration: mesh 1 established in the dimensions of 50 × 50 m, mesh 2 of 100 × 100 m and mesh 3 of 150 × 150 m, totaling an area of 9 ha. The soil resistance to penetration was measured using an automated apparatus, coupled to a tractor. The variation found in the values of penetration resistance in subsurface can be related to the management adopted in the area, as well as the trampling of the animals. Data on soil penetration resistance in pasture showed that the most compacted zone was always below 30 cm depth by using different sample densities. The results allow us to conclude that the higher the density of the sampling mesh, the greater the accuracy of the data and that, independently of the sample mesh, it was possible to identify the layer of higher soil mechanical resistance to root penetration.

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Spatial variability of soil penetration resistance in the lowland area cultivated with soybean

Ciência Rural ◽

10.1590/0103-8478cr20200452 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Edgar Salis Brasil Neto ◽

Alexandre Russini ◽

Lúcio de Paula Amaral ◽

Paulo Jorge de Pinho ◽

Marcelo Silveira de Farias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Soil Resistance ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Lowland Area ◽

Linear Correlation Analysis ◽

Different Depths ◽

Resistance Data ◽

Resistance To Penetration ◽

Descriptive Statistical Analysis

ABSTRACT: This study determined the spatial variability of soil penetration resistance and yield of the soybean crop in lowland areas. The soil resistance to penetration at four different depths (0 to 0.10 m; 0.11 to 0.20 m; 0.21 to 0.30 m and 0.31 to 0.40 m), volumetric humidity of the soil at two depths (0 to 0.20 m and 0.21 to 0.40 m) and soybean yield were determined in an area of 1.13 hectares, using a sample mesh of 10 x 10 m. The corresponding data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. Pearson’s simple linear correlation analysis (p≤0.05) was conducted and the spatial dependence was assessed by analyzing the isotropic semivariograms using spherical, exponential, linear, and Gaussian models. The results showed that the soil penetration resistance increased with depth, with restrictive values to root growth between 0.05 and 0.35 m. There was no correlation between yield and soil penetration resistance, and the semivariograms did not show a defined ascending region regarding the soil penetration resistance data. For the conditions under which the experiment was conducted, the sample 10 x 10 m mesh was suitable for assessing the spatial variability of soil resistance to penetration in depths exceeding 0.10 m.

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Spatial variability of the physical and mineralogical properties of the soil from the areas with variation in landscape shapes

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology ◽

10.1590/s1516-89132009000200007 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 305-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Zigomar Menezes de Souza ◽

José Marques Júnior ◽

Gener Tadeu Pereira

Keyword(s):

Spatial Variability ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Spatial Relationships ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Mineralogical Properties

The objective of this work it was to use the geostatistics methods to investigate the spatial relationships between the physical and mineralogical properties of an oxisol planted with the sugarcane in an area of slight variations in the landform. The soil was sampled at 10 m regular intervals in the crossing points of a 100 x 100 m grid. At each point, the soil was collected at 0.0-0.2 m, 0.2-0.4 m and 0.4-0.6 m depths for the analyzes of physical properties and at 0.6-0.8 m for the mineralogical analyses. Both the Kt/Kt+Gb ratio and Kt relative crystallization level were higher in the compartment I than in the compartment II. As a consequence, the soil penetration resistance and bulk density were higher in the compartment I, while the macroporosity and Ksat were lower. Therefore, it was concluded that both the identification and mapping of a landform were efficient for understanding the spatial variability of the soil properties. Moreover, variations in the landscape shape promoted the differentiated variability of the physical and mineralogical soil properties: the more variable the landscape, the more variable was the soil properties.

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Spatial variability of soil physical attributes in integrated production systems in the Amazon region

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2019.v54.00324 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

Author(s):

Izabela de Lima Feitosa ◽

Alexandre Martins Abdão dos Passos ◽

Henrique Nery Cipriani ◽

Marcelo Silva de Oliveira ◽

Alaerto Luiz Marcolan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Spatial Variability ◽

Production Systems ◽

Penetration Resistance ◽

Corn Plant ◽

Agronomic Efficiency ◽

Integrated Production ◽

Moisture Contents ◽

Soil Penetration Resistance ◽

Physical Attributes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial variability of soil physical attributes in integrated production systems and its relationship with the growth and yield of a corn (Zea mays) crop intercropped with palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha). The experiment was carried out in an integrated crop-livestock (ICL) system and in an integrated crop-livestock-forestry (ICLF) system, in a Plinthic Hapludox. The ICLF system was managed in alleys between eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) rows, spaced at 18, 30, and 42 m. Corn grain and forage yields were positively correlated with soil clay and moisture contents, whereas grain yield was negatively correlated with soil penetration resistance. The lowest corn plant heights and grain yields were observed near eucalyptus rows. The average values for soil penetration resistance were below 2.0 MPa. Spatial variability was verified for: corn plant height, grain yield, and agronomic efficiency; forage intercropping; and soil moisture and silt contents, as well as penetration resistance. Greater grain and biomass yields were obtained at a 42-m distance between tree rows. The obtained results are indicative that corn traits and soil physical attributes were only slightly associated. The spatial distribution of the eucalyptus rows influences the agronomic efficiency of the intercrop and soil moisture contents.

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