PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI ALAT PENANAM BENIH JAGUNG TIPE ROW SEEDER DI KELOMPOK TANI SUKA MAJU UNTUK MENDUKUNG KETAHANAN PANGAN WILAYAH PERBATASAN KALIMANTAN UTARA

ABSTRAKPermasalahan yang dihadapi oleh Kelompok tani Suka Maju hingga saat ini yaitu masih menggunakan metode manual dalam proses penanaman benih jagung, hal ini membuat waktu pengerjaan lebih lama dan posisi lubang tidak sejajar dan presisi. Dampak dari dua hal tersebut yaitu akan menambah biaya tenaga kerja dan posisi jagung yang tidak sejajar ataupun berhimpitan akan membuat petumbuhan tanaman jagung tidak optimal. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menerapkan teknologi alat penanam benih tipe row seeder untuk mengurangi jerih kerja petani pada saat proses penanaman benih khususnya tanaman jagung. Kegiatan PKM ini dilakukan di lahan Kelompok tani Suka Maju Kelurahan Juata Laut Kecamatan Tarakan Utara, Kota Tarakan. Kegiatan ini dibagi dalam beberapa tahapan yaitu survey, sosialisasi, pembuatan alat, bimbingan teknis serta evaluasi pelaksanaan dan keberlanjutan program oleh Kelompok Tani. Kegiatan PKM penerapan teknologi alat penanam tipe row seeder di kelompok tani Suka Maju berjalan dengan baik serta para petani bersemangat untuk mengaplikasikan alat penanam di setiap lahan mereka. Selain itu terjadi peningkatan efisiensi dalam proses budidaya tanaman jagung dikelompok tani suka maju yaitu proses penananam jagung bisa lebih cepat 45% dibandingkan pada saat penanaman benih jagung secara manual Kata kunci: penerapan; alat penanam benih jagung; tipe row seeder. ABSTRACTThe problem faced by the Suka Maju farmer group until now is that they still use manual methods in the process of planting corn seeds, this makes the processing time longer and the position of the planting holes is not parallel and precise. The impact of these two things is that it will increase labor costs and the position of corn that is not parallel or coincides will make corn plant growth not optimal. This service aims to apply row seeder type seed planter technology to reduce the labor of farmers during the seed planting process, especially for corn plants. This PKM activity was carried out on agricultural land belonging to the Suka Maju farmer group, Juata Laut Village, North Tarakan District, Tarakan City. This activity is divided into several stages, namely survey, socialization, tool making, technical guidance and evaluation of the implementation and sustainability of the program by the Farmer Group. The PKM activity for the application of row seeder type planter technology in the Suka Maju farmer group is going well and the farmers are excited to apply the planter in each of their lands. In addition, there is an increase in efficiency in the corn cultivation process in the advanced farmer group, namely the corn planting process can be 45% faster than when planting corn seeds manually. Keywords: application; corn seed planter; row seeder type.

The influence of fermented brown algae extract (Sargassum sp.) on corn plant growth (Zea mays L.)

Abstracts Brown Algae Extract is one of the ingredients used in organic fertilizers that is more effective for maximizing the growth and production of corn plants. This study aims to determine the effect of fermented brown algae extract on the growth of corn. The research was conducted in Sokkolia Field, Gowa District. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with 4 replications. The first treatment was algae extract which was inoculated by Trichoderma harzianum and Gliocladium sp. Bacillus subtilis and Paenybacillus polymyxa as well as unfermented algae extract. The algae extract was applied to corn by spraying. The parameters observed were plant height, stem circumference, cob length (cm), cob diameter, number of rows of seeds. The results showed that application of algae extract improved the quality and quantity of corn growth compared to the UPK (Urea + Phosphate + Potassium) control.

PERKEMBANGAN Spodoptera frugiperda J.E Smith PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG MANIS (Zea mays L. Saccharata)

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between sweet corn plant phenology and population development and the attack of Spodoptera frugiperda. The research was carried out at the Research Farm and at the Laboratory of Plant Pests, Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University. The study was conducted on an area of 500 m2 containing 28 plant plots. The sample plants consisted of 4 plots determined systematically. In each sample plot, all plants were used as sample. plants to calculate the percentage of attacked plants, and the percentage of attacked cobs. S. frugiperda population observations were carried out directly on leaves, stems, flowers and cobs. If there were S. frugiperda faeces on the shoots, stems, and cobs, destructive observations were made where the plant parts were opened, to determine the presence of S. frugiperda in them. The data obtained were tabulated and arranged in the form of tables and figures, then explained descriptively. The results showed that: the population of S. frugiperda in each growth phase continued to increase, the highest population of S. frugiperda was found in the R6 phase or in the physiological ripening phase, which was as many as 21 heads per 12 corn plants; the percentage of attacks of S. frugiperda in each phase continues to increase, the highest percentage of attacks is in phase R6, which is 78.72%; the attack of S. frugiperda on cobs began to be seen in the R2-R5 phase and was highest in the R6 phase, which was 68.57%. It is necessary to find the right way to control S. frugiferda.

Efficiency of composts under corn plant

Pollution of the environment with waste is the basis of the degradation of the natural system. To prevent this, it is necessary to protect natural resources as much as possible and organize the recycling of waste. Azerbaijan has sufficient resources to prepare organic fertilizers based on new technologies. The presented article discusses the damage caused to the environment by pollution of lands of Ucar region. The need for agro-technical measures to restore such areas that have lost their fertility is emphasized. In landscaping research, it is recommended to grow soybeans on such lands and apply high doses of organic fertilizers to ensure their normal development. Key words: soil fertility, corn, nutrients, productivity, quality indicators

Presence and correlation of Fusarium graminearum and deoxynivalenol accumulation in silage corn plant parts

Corn silage, made from Zea mays, is a high energy feed that is important for feeding dairy cows. Plant diseases, such as those caused by Fusarium graminearum , can decrease silage corn yields and quality. Fusarium graminearum (teleomorph Gibberella zeae) is an ascomycete fungus that causes Gibberella ear and stalk rot in corn. Fusarium graminearum produces deoxynivalenol (DON), a secondary metabolite toxic to humans and animals. An understanding of the distribution of DON and F. graminearum throughout the corn plant is important for determining the quality of corn silage. A partitioned sample experiment that included two brown-midrib silage hybrids and three fungicide treatments was conducted in research plots located in Arlington, Wisconsin in 2018 and 2019. At harvest, stalk and ear parts were physically separated, dried, and ground for analysis. DON concentration (ppm) was determined using ELISA and F. graminearum DNA concentration (pg/ng) was determined using qPCR. Both DON and F. graminearum DNA were detected in all samples, demonstrating accumulation of the fungus in both stalks and ears of the plant. In 2018, DON contamination was as high as 30 ppm and varied drastically between stalks and ears. In 2019, DON concentrations were much lower (<5ppm), but were consistently higher in stalk samples than ear samples. Across all samples DON concentrations and F. graminearum accumulation were highly correlated within the separated stalk (r=0.78) and ear portions (r=0.87) but were not correlated between ears and stalks. Depending on the weather and planting conditions in a given year, either stalk infections or ear infections may occur by F. graminearum leading to subsequent DON increases in those respective parts that are independent of each other.

Corn plants as temporary acoustic barrier to limit the effects of noise pollution

Corn is a cereal imported into Europe from the Americas and is used for human and animal feed, but there are also industrial uses such as the production of ethanol, as a fuel for heating homes or to produce starch. Corn grows in the summer in areas where there is water. Corn is grown in many regions of the world and its production exceeds that of any other cereal in quantity. The corn plant can reach up to three meters in height, with a stem diameter of a few centimeters and with dense leaves longer than 30 cm and 10 cm wide. There are noisy activities where it is necessary to attenuate the noise produced to limit the effects of noise pollution. Some activities use temporary barriers depending on the processing cycle adopted. If noisy work is carried out during the summer season, corn rows of adequate width can be used as an acoustic barrier. In this paper, the possibility of using corn plants as an acoustic barrier is investigated. The acoustic measurements of the noise attenuation of corn rows of adequate width are described. Using a semi-spherical source placed on the ground, the acoustic attenuation due to the corn plants arranged in several rows for different distances from the sound source to the receiver was measured.