scholarly journals The Chronic Traumatic Stress Framework: A conceptual model to guide empirical investigation and mental health treatment for refugees and survivors of torture

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Fondacaro ◽  
Emily Mazulla
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Daily Hassles ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Survivors Of Torture ◽  
The Impact

An increasing number of refugees and survivors of torture resettled in the United States are presenting to clinics for treatment related to trauma and postmigration difficulties. Although clinicians experienced in treating trauma with diverse populations may recognize the limitations of a PTSD diagnosis, one of the primary diagnoses received by refugees and survivors of torture remains post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A variety of interventions exist (e.g., supportive, trauma specific, interdisciplinary including physical, social and psychological) for survivors of torture and trauma that move beyond this diagnosis, however, a unifying conceptual model is needed to guide treatment and further the empirical investigation and evidence base in this growing field. In this paper, we propose a broader biopsychosocial framework of the impact of traumatic war events including the measurement of stress related to post migration living difficulties, and daily hassles while highlighting the importance of protective and risk factors. Intervention outcomes emphasize resilience, physical well-being, and mental well-being, along with traumatic stress symptoms. We describe Chronic Traumatic Stress (CTS) as an integrated and unifying framework which provides guidance for the growing number of providers conducting assessment andintervention with refugees and survivors of torture. We also highlight that this model is specifically designed for empirical testing.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress disorder following COVID-19 pandemic among medical students in Riyadh: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Ifthikar ◽  
Saima Sajjad Fakih ◽  
Saumy Johnson ◽  
Johnson Alex
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In recent times, COVID-19 has been recognized as a public health emergency and thus far, most papers published on it are focused only on the clinical characteristics of infected patients. This pandemic has also made phenomenal emotional impact among the young and the old. We aimed to find out the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological well-being of medical students in a University at Riyadh. Results There were 309 participants in the study. Out of them 44% did not have PTSD, 29% had score more than 37 which might contribute to immune suppression, in 18.4% PTSD was a clinical concern and 8.6% had probable PTSD. Female participants were the majority in the group and they also had higher chance of having consequences than the male counterparts (P < 0.001). Avoidance score between male and female gender was significantly different. Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic has not just affected the physiological functioning of the affected individuals but also has had a probable post-traumatic stress disorder among young college students. Screening for psychological well-being and the treatment for PTSD is imperative in college, school and general population.

scholarly journals The development of post traumatic stress disorder among secondary school students in borno state Nigeria: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.9) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Zainudin Abu Bakar ◽  
Darma Kabiru Rabiu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
School Children ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Continuous Exposure ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

Insurgency has long been rooted in the Nigerian society. It affected deeply in the daily activities of the country. Thousands of people including school children have been maimed, displaced, orphaned and killed in Borno and entire North Eastern Nigeria and some other part of North Western Nigeria especially in the state of Kano because of the insurgency. The Boko Haram movement for example have caused enormous chaos within the society especially the school children. The movement have targeted civilian populations irrespective of gender, tribal and religious inclination among people and, the merciless attack and bombings carried out by them including abduction and kidnapping of female students have caused destruction of the school facilities and the well-being of the society. A continuous exposure to such stress created by war resulted the development various difficulties such as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder among school children. A systematic review was used to critically analyzed the impact of the insurgency in the society based on several related studies. The effect of the insurgency on the society was then highlighted which tells the story of the educational difficulties. 

Psychiatric Morbidity in Survivors of Organised State Violence Including Torture

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind Ramsay ◽  
Caroline Gorst-Unsworth ◽  
Stuart Turner
Keyword(s):  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
State Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Survivors Of Torture

The case notes documenting the psychological well-being of 100 survivors of torture and other forms of organised state violence were analysed retrospectively. The most common diagnoses were post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), major depression, and somatoform disorders. Of these, PTSD showed the strongest association with experience of torture. It is possible that PTSD has a dimensional nature, and that reactions to different stressors are heterogeneous.

Daily Stress and Concept of Self in Swedish Ambulance Personnel

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Jonsson ◽  
Kerstin Segesten
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Ambulance Personnel ◽  
Impact Of Event Scale ◽  
Event Scale ◽  
Daily Work ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIntroduction:This study investigated the prevalence of post-traumatic stress symptoms among professional ambulance personnel in Sweden and investigated the question: “Does self-knowledge have influence on how well one copes with the effects of daily work exposure from such events?” Little is known about the variables that might be associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms in highrisk occupational groups such as ambulance service groups.Methods:Data were gathered from ambulance personnel by means of an anonymous questionnaire. Survey responses of 362 ambulance personnel from the county of Västra Götaland were analyzed. A correlation was established between post-traumatic symptoms using the impact of event scale (IES-15) and the Professional Self-Description Form (PSDF).Results:Of those who reported a traumatic situation, 21.5% scored ≥ 26 on the IES-15 subscale. Scores >26 indicate “PTSD caseness”. There were significant differences on PSDF subscales between those presenting with or without posttraumatic symptoms.Conclusions:The mental health and emotional well-being of ambulance personnel appear to be compromised by accident and emergency work. The high prevalence of PTSD symptoms in ambulance personnel indicates an inability to cope with post-traumatic stress caused by daily work experiences.

scholarly journals The Fear Traumatization: Psychological Consequences of Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
V.I. Ekimova ◽  
M.I. Rozenova ◽  
A.V. Litvinova ◽  
A.V. Koteneva
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Psychological Trauma ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The COVID-19 pandemic, combined with high transmission and mortality rates of the infection, created an unprecedented state of emergency worldwide. The risk of infection and death, the experience of social isolation, alongside with loss of control over the situation and frightening information caused the "pandemic of fear" that had spread across regions and countries. The aim of this review is to summarize and to analyze the results of numerous studies of the COVID-19 pandemic psychological consequences for the population of different countries and the world as a whole, as well as for individual categories of population, and COVID-19 related risk factors. Relatively high levels of fear, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, psychological distress and stress have been observed and continue to be observed among the population of China, Spain, Italy, Iran, the United States, Turkey, Nepal, Denmark, and other countries. The most severe symptoms of psychological trauma are demonstrated by medical workers, women, young people, those who had lost their jobs during the crisis, people with chronic diseases, etc. It is especially important to continue international and interdisciplinary researches aimed at identifying and mitigating the dangerous effects of COVID-19 on people's mental health and psychological well-being.

The link between coronavirus, anxiety, and religious beliefs in the United States and United Kingdom

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Rigoli
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
Stressful Event ◽  
Cultural Implications ◽  
The Impact

Research has shown that stress impacts on people’s religious beliefs. However, several aspects of this effect remain poorly understood, for example regarding the role of prior religiosity and stress-induced anxiety. This paper explores these aspects in the context of the recent coronavirus emergency. The latter has impacted dramatically on many people’s well-being; hence it can be considered a highly stressful event. Through online questionnaires administered to UK and USA citizens professing either Christian faith or no religion, this paper examines the impact of the coronavirus crisis upon common people’s religious beliefs. We found that, following the coronavirus emergency, strong believers reported higher confidence in their religious beliefs while non-believers reported increased scepticism towards religion. Moreover, for strong believers, higher anxiety elicited by the coronavirus threat was associated with increased strengthening of religious beliefs. Conversely, for non-believers, higher anxiety elicited by the coronavirus thereat was associated with increased scepticism towards religious beliefs. These observations are consistent with the notion that stress-induced anxiety enhances support for the ideology already embraced before a stressful event occurs. This study sheds light on the psychological and cultural implications of the coronavirus crisis, which represents one of the most serious health emergencies in recent times.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on the well-being and cognition of older adults living in the United States and Latin America

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 100848
Author(s):  
Ganesh M. Babulal ◽  
Valeria L. Torres ◽  
Daisy Acosta ◽  
Cinthya Agüero ◽  
Sara Aguilar-Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Impact
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