scholarly journals Changes in the command and control potential of European cities in 2006-2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sławomir Dorocki ◽  
Piotr Raźniak ◽  
Anna Winiarczyk-Raźniak
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Control Potential ◽  
Central Eastern Europe ◽  
European Cities ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
Local Companies ◽  
And Control

The aim of the study was to analyze changes in the command and control functions of cities in 2006 and 2016 based on the method of gravity centers. The analysis was performed both for individual sectors of the economy as well as for the European economy as a whole. The shift in the center of gravity of the studied command and control functions of cities in the direction of Central Eastern Europe is examined in the paper. The fairly recent development of CEE and European integration increasing to the east and south has triggered the relocation of many companies from west to east and has also increased the importance of local companies. It may therefore be argued that the importance of the command and control functions of cities in developing countries has also increased (Poland, Russia). There is also a related decline in the importance of the so-called blue banana region and cities in Great Britain and Germany. This is especially visible in terms of the number of corporate headquarters in the western part of the continent. However, the shift in capital is not that clear – and both German and British corporations still remain the leaders in Europe.

The Command and Control Software Implementation of a CCD Video 2 Axis Gyrostabilized Payload Used by a Fixed Wing UAV Configuration Platform

2012 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Corneliu Axente ◽  
Liviu Coşereanu ◽  
Daniel Ioan Suteu
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Software Implementation ◽  
Control Software ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
And Control

The software algorithm is designed to ensure compatibility between the commands given by the operator and the need to stabilize the CCD/IR payload. The implementation was made on a mini-turret with 2 degrees of freedom mounted on a miniUAV. Appropriate command and control functions were developed by programming an Atmel family microcontroller.

scholarly journals European cities as command and control centres, 2006–11

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Csomós ◽  
Ben Derudder
Keyword(s):  
Command And Control ◽  
European Cities ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals Automation and the Future of Command and Control: The End of Auftragstaktik?

MCU Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-146
Author(s):  
Rosario M. Simonetti ◽  
Paolo Tripodi
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
The Future ◽  
Strategic Leaders ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Generation Technology ◽  
Advisory Role

The impact of new technologies and the increased speed in the future battlespace may overcentralize command and control functions at the political or strategic level and, as a result, bypass the advisory role played by a qualified staff. Political and/or strategic leaders might find it appealing to pursue preemptive or preventive wars as a strategy to acquire asymmetric advantage over the enemy. This article investigates the roots of this trend, connecting historical perspectives with implications that next-generation technology may have on command and control.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Command-and-Control and Market-Based Environmental Regulation in Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allen Blackman ◽  
Zhengyan Li ◽  
Antung A. Liu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Tradable Permits ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Technology Standards ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control ◽  
Policy Types

Like their counterparts in industrialized countries, environmental regulators in developing countries rely principally on two types of instruments: command-and-control (CAC) policies, such as emissions and technology standards, and to a lesser extent, market-based instruments (MBIs), such as emissions fees and tradable permits. But these regulators often lack the capacity to implement, monitor, and enforce CAC and MBI policies. As a result, the efficacy of those policies is an empirical matter. We review emerging experimental and quasi-experimental evidence on CAC and MBI policies in developing countries, specifically, from 32 studies of CAC policies and 8 studies of MBIs. Although drawn from a small and decidedly nonrandom sample of countries and policy types, the evidence clearly indicates that CAC and MBI policies can have significant environmental benefits in developing countries. In addition to cataloging and reviewing this evidence, we discuss data and methodological challenges to augmenting it and suggest directions for future research.

scholarly journals Exploring the Shifting Geographical Pattern of the Global Command-and-Control Function of Cities

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 12798
Author(s):  
Piotr Raźniak ◽  
György Csomós ◽  
Sławomir Dorocki ◽  
Anna Winiarczyk-Raźniak
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Control Function ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Geographical Pattern ◽  
Corporate Headquarters ◽  
Control Functions ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, some cities have experienced significant growth in terms of command and control functions of cities, and thus have managed to relocate themselves to a much upscale position in the global economy. The main goal of this study is to examine the command-and-control function of cities and the impact of the relocation of corporate headquarters on a city’s command-and-control function. The study examines the changes in the revenues of companies located in selected cities and countries and measure the command-and-control function (“C&C”) of cities that well illustrates the strength of cities and countries in the global economy. To achieve our goals, we employ a composite indicator, the Command and Control Index that integrates such fundamental financial data of companies as revenues, profits, market value, and assets. In the analysis, we consider the companies that are listed by Forbes Global 2000. Our findings reinforce that the command-and-control function of the traditional centers of corporate headquarters has been lessening for a while, whereas cities located in developing countries and China in the first place have been occupying an increasing position in the global command and control. Now, we are experiencing the robust growth of Beijing’s command-and-control function index, and the decline of that index of the former leaders (i.e., New York, London, and Tokyo). We can also draw the conclusion that the migration of headquarters does not significantly impact the change of cities’ command-and-control function. In addition, when relocating the headquarters, most companies have remained within the same country and some of them have not even left the metropolitan area itself. In recent years, the number of those companies that have relocated the corporate headquarters has increased, and they have experienced increase in their revenues as well. To attract more corporate headquarters, cities has to offer an attractive environment for companies which strategy should be supported by such governmental initiatives as the reduction of corporate taxes for relocated companies.

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