Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in critically ill children admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit, South Africa

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of chlorhexidine wipes in reducing the incidence of hospital acquired infections (HAIs) among critically ill children admitted in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). METHODS: An interventional study, wherein enrolled children were wiped with chlorhexidine after routine bath. The incidence of HAIs were noted and compared with data from historical controls of previous year during the same period (pre-intervention). RESULTS: One hundred and ninety nine children in the intervention period were compared with 271 children from pre-intervention period. The numbers of ventilator-days were 777 and 696 respectively for the intervention period and pre-intervention periods. Incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) reduced from 12.9/1000 ventilator-days in the pre-intervention period to 6.4/1000 ventilator-days in the intervention period (p=0.1). VAP prevalence was 3.3% in the pre-intervention period as compared to 2.5% in the intervention period (p=0.6). The incidence of CLABSI was 3.6/1000 catheter-days (catheter days: 1377) with prevalence of 2.5% in the intervention period, whereas among the historic controls of the previous year it was 4.2/1000 days (catheter days 1432) with a prevalence of 2.2% (p= 0.8). No untoward effect was reported. CONCLUSION: The use of chlorhexidine wipes in ICU was feasible but did not signicantly decrease HAIs.

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Influenza in hospitalized children in Ireland in the pandemic period and the 2010/2011 season: risk factors for paediatric intensive-care-unit admission

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268813002732 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 142 (9) ◽

pp. 1826-1835 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. REBOLLEDO ◽

D. IGOE ◽

J. O'DONNELL ◽

L. DOMEGAN ◽

M. BOLAND ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽

Influenza A ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Influenza Viruses ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care ◽

Severe Illness ◽

Influenza A H1n1

SUMMARYInfluenza causes significant morbidity and mortality in children. This study's objectives were to describe influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 during the pandemic, to compare it with circulating influenza in 2010/2011, and to identify risk factors for severe influenza defined as requiring admission to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Children hospitalized with influenza during the pandemic were older, and more likely to have received antiviral therapy than children hospitalized during the 2010/2011 season. In 2010/2011, only one child admitted to a PICU with underlying medical conditions had been vaccinated. The risk of severe illness in the pandemic was higher in females and those with underlying conditions. In 2010/2011, infection with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 compared to other influenza viruses was a significant risk factor for severe disease. An incremental relationship was found between the number of underlying conditions and PICU admission. These findings highlight the importance of improving low vaccination uptake and increasing the use of antivirals in vulnerable children.

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Neuropeptide y levels are increased during pain in critically ill children: data from a paediatric intensive care unit in Greece

Australian Critical Care ◽

10.1016/j.aucc.2020.04.092 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. S29

Author(s):

Eleni Tamvaki ◽

Margarita Giannakopoulou ◽

Evangelos Bozas ◽

Maria Kalafati ◽

Elizabeth Papathanassoglou

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Neuropeptide Y ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care ◽

Critically Ill Children

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Clinico-etiological profile of acute kidney injury in children admitted to paediatric intensive care unit of a tertiary care centre

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20174952 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (11) ◽

pp. 4959

Author(s):

Jakanattane V. ◽

Mathivanan M.

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Acute Kidney Injury ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽

Kidney Injury ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care ◽

Renal Recovery ◽

Research Centre ◽

Critically Ill Children

Background: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) refers to a reversible accumulation of urea, creatinine and nitrogenous waste products and disturbances in maintenance of fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. The incidence of AKI continues to increase in the Paediatric age group particularly in critically ill children with the etiology shifting from primary renal disorders to multifactorial cause. The objective of the study to determine the incidence, clinical profile and outcome of AKI in critically ill children using p-RIFLE criteria.Methods: A prospective observational study was done with 342 children aged between 1-12 years, admitted in Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Institute of Child Health and Research Centre, Madurai Medical College, Madurai during July 2015 to June 2016.Results: The overall incidence of AKI among critically ill children was 30.1%. The mortality rate was 43.7% and 20.7% patients with AKI had partial renal recovery at the time of discharge. 27.2% patients required renal replacement therapy (RRT). Infectious causes 57.3% (Sepsis, Meningoencephalitis, Bronchopneumonia) dominated the etiological profile.Conclusions: Incidence of AKI is high in critically-ill children. AKI continues to be associated with adverse outcomes, including high mortality and partial renal recovery.

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Critically ill children in paediatric intensive care unit are no less susceptible to infectious diseases amid the COVID-19 pandemic

10.12809/hkmj209029 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karen KY Leung ◽

KL Hon ◽

Patrick Ip ◽

Renee WY Chan

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care ◽

Critically Ill Children

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Study of morbidity pattern and outcome of patients admitted in paediatric intensive care unit in a tertiary care rural teaching hospital

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20193725 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 2064

Author(s):

Vijay L. Bhavari ◽

Deepali A. Ambike ◽

Neil D. Pawar

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Critical Care ◽

Intensive Care ◽

Medical Record ◽

Critically Ill ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care Unit ◽

Paediatric Intensive Care ◽

Critically Ill Children ◽

Rural Teaching

Background: The care of the critically ill children remains one of the most demanding and challenging aspects in the field of paediatrics. The main purpose of Paediatric Intensive care unit is to prevent mortality by intensively monitoring and treating critically ill children who are considered at high risk of mortality. In the developing countries, there is a scarce data on paediatric critical care. Evaluation of the outcome of medical interventions can assess the efficacy of treatment. This helps in better decision making, improving the quality of care and modifying the future of management if required. This study will also help to study the causes of morbidity and mortality among paediatric age group in our hospital. Aims and Objectives of the study is to evaluate the morbidity pattern and outcome of admissions in the PICU of a rural teaching hospital, and to take measures to prevent morbidity and mortality by improving critical care facilities.Methods: This was a retrospective study, the cases admitted in paediatric ICU in our teaching hospital in last two and a half considering the estimated sample size. Data will be collected from PICU and Medical record Department. Details will be studied with the help of medical record and will be analysed and interpreted according to the medical record details.Results: During a period of 30 months of the study, total of 417 patients were admitted in our PICU. Of the total cases studied, Maximum i.e. 180(43.2%) had age below 1 year. The minimum – maximum range of age was between 1 day to 18 years. About 228(54.7%) cases were males and 189(45.3%) were females. The most common diagnosis was LRTI which was observed in 61(14.7%) of cases. The most common system involved was respiratory system which was observed in 101(21.8%) cases. Of total cases studied, 357(85.6%) were discharged, 36(8.6%) had DAMA (discharge against medical advice) and 24(5.8%) expired.Conclusions: Mortality was low in our PICU. We conclude based on the present study that in our rural set up PICU, with better treatment protocols, skilled expertise/ Paediatric Intensivist we have chances to facilitate the care of critically ill patients giving desirable outcome.

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