Introduction: the modern drive to emigrate

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. James Hammerton
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Migration History ◽  
The Social ◽  
Family Mobility ◽  
Serial Migration ◽  
Oral Testimony ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Global Identities ◽  
The Impact

The introduction canvasses key themes to emerge from migrant testimony: traditional sojourning and adventure migration, the casual adoption of global mobility and global identities from the 1960s, the conjuncture of geographical mobility with occupational and marital and family mobility, and the continuing importance of traditional ties of family alongside changes in migration practices and attitudes. An underlying theme is the complex interplay of change and continuity in migration history. It explores the social and economic contexts in Britain and beyond which set the stage for dramatic changes in migration practices like serial migration in and between developed countries. It argues the case for exploration of modern mobility through the experience of the British ‘diaspora’, and the value of oral testimony and life histories for exploring migrants’ mentalities at a time of heightened individualism and focus on personal desires. It stresses the importance of gender during a time of transformational social change and points to the impact of social mobility, in the population and among migrants, at a time when receiving countries were tightening visa qualifications.

Migrants of the British Diaspora Since the 1960s

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. James Hammerton
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Social History ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Women Migrants ◽  
Migration History ◽  
Serial Migration ◽  
The 1960S

This is the first social history to explore the experience of British emigrants from the peak years of the 1960s to the emigration resurgence of the turn of the twentieth century. It scrutinises migrant experiences in Australia, Canada and New Zealand alongside other countries. The book challenges the assumption that the ‘British diaspora’ ended in the 1960s, and explores its gradual reinvention from a postwar migration of austerity to a modern migration of prosperity. Building on previous oral histories of British emigration to single countries in postwar years, it offers a different way of writing migration history, based on life histories but exploring mentalities as well as experiences, against a setting of deep social and economic change. The book charts the decade-by-decade shift in the migration landscape, from the 1970s loss of Britons’ privilege in destination countries and the 1980s urgency of ‘Thatcher’s refugees’, to shifting attitudes to cosmopolitanism and global citizenship by the 1990s. Key moments are the rise of expatriate employment, changing dynamics of love and marriage, the visibility of British emigrants of colour, serial migration practices, enhanced independence among women migrants and ‘lifestyle’ change ambitions. These are new patterns of discretionary and nomadic migration, which became more common practice generally from the end of the twentieth century.

American Labor Unions in the Electoral Arena By Herbert B. Asher, Eric S. Heberlig, Randall B. Ripley, and Karen Snyder. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2001. 207p. $69.00 cloth, $19.95 paper.

2002 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 630-630
Author(s):  
Glenn Perusek
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Organized Labor ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Race And Gender ◽  
Union Movement ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact ◽  
American Labor

For more than a generation, as the authors rightly point out, the impact of organized labor on electoral politics has been neglected in scholarly literature. Indeed, only a tiny minority of social scientists explicitly focuses on organized labor in the United States. Although the impact of the social movements of the 1960s appeared to heighten awareness of the importance of class, race, and gender, class and its organized expression, the union movement, has received less attention, while studies of race and gender have flourished.

Working Men Views of Poverty

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 480-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roni Strier ◽  
Zvi Eisikovits ◽  
Laura Sigad ◽  
Eli Buchbinder
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Working Poor ◽  
Meaning Of Work ◽  
The Social ◽  
Constructivist Perspective ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Poor Population

Despite the alarming numbers of workers living in poverty in developed countries, work is still commonly seen as a way out of poverty. From a social constructivist perspective and based on qualitative research of the working poor in Israel, the article explores low-income Arab and Jewish working men’s views of poverty. It addresses research topics such as the meaning of work, the perception of the workplace, and the experience of poverty and coping strategies. In addition, the article examines the presence of ethnic differences in the social construction of in-work poverty. At the theoretical level, the article questions dominant views of work as the main exit from poverty, highlights the impact of gender and ethnicity in the construction of in-work poverty, and suggests the need for more context and gender-informed policies to respond to the complexity of the male working poor population.

scholarly journals The Influence of Dance-House Tourism on the Social Relationships and Traditions of a Village in Transylvania. By Sándor Varga. Translated by Valér Bedő (with Colin Quigley).

2016 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Sándor Varga
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Revival Movement ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

This essay examines the impact of fieldwork on the life of the rural villages in Transylvania that have been the site of significant ethnochoreological and revival-movement research since the 1960s. It challenges well-established norms in methodology, calling for a more reflexive awareness on the part of fieldworkers.Originally published in Hungarian as “A táncházas turizmus hatása egy erdélyi falu társadalmi kapcsolataira és hagyományaihoz való viszonyára,” in Az erdélyi magyar táncművészet és tánctudomány az ezredfordulón II, ed. Könczei Csongor (Kolozsvár: Nemzeti Kisebbségkutató Intézet, 2014), 105-128.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teishan A. Latner
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Vietnam War ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Third World ◽  
Primary Case ◽  
The Social ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Social Upheaval ◽  
The Impact

Beginning with Stokely Carmichael’s appearance at the Organization of Latin American Solidarity conference in Havana in 1967, the Introduction traces the relationship between the Cuban Revolution and the multi-ethnic American Left, and the impact of this engagement upon U.S.-Cuba relations within the context of the Cold War, decolonization, and Third World nationalism. Focusing on the 1960s era, when America was engulfed in the social upheaval of Civil Rights and the Vietnam War, and concluding in the early 1990s, the Introduction argues that Cuba became the primary Third World influence on the U.S. Left for more than three decades. The Introduction briefly presents the book’s primary case studies, which include the formation of the Venceremos Brigade, the FBI’s surveillance of pro-Cuba activists, the airplane hijacking surge of 1968-1973, Cuban American leftwing activism, and Cuba’s provision of political asylum to U.S. activists.

Popular Culture, Violence, and Religion in Gloria's Story

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wertheimer
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Legal Reforms ◽  
Wealth Concentration ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Central Argument ◽  
Hospital Births ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

One of the most vexing challenges accompanying any attempt to reconstruct the legal history of the family is deciding how much interpretive weight to assign to social factors as opposed to legal factors. “Gloria's Story” is loaded with social history, in part because it focuses on a small group of decidedly non-elite characters. It discusses non-legal matters as big as the impact of wealth concentration on the Guatemalan family and as small as the social significance of home births, as opposed to hospital births, in Quetzaltenango during the 1960s. Nonetheless, the most important factors driving the analysis are legal, not social. The article's central argument—that “modernizing” legal reforms adopted in Guatemala since the mid-nineteenth century have fortified, not weakened, adulterous concubinage—emphasizes the effects of legal change.

Interpersonal Influences on Self-Regulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gráinne M. Fitzsimons ◽  
Eli J. Finkel
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Interpersonal Processes ◽  
Goal Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Goal Pursuits ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

Since the 1960s, personality and social psychologists have taken major strides toward understanding the intrapersonal processes that promote successful self-regulation. The current article reviews insights into the understanding of self-regulation gained by examining the impact of interpersonal processes on the initiation, operation, and monitoring of goals. We review research suggesting that other people can act as triggers of goals, causing people to unconsciously initiate new goal pursuits; that interpersonal interactions can tap self-control, leaving people with depleted resources for goal pursuit; that relationship partners can support goal operation, leading to more effective goal pursuit; and that the social environment can facilitate effective monitoring of one’s extant goal progress and likelihood of future goal achievement.

Sociology and History: Partnership, Rivalry, or Mutual Incomprehension?

2005 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social History ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Diplomatic History ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Classical Economic ◽  
The Impact

The 1960s was a period of ferment, intellectual excitement, optimism and expansion in all the social sciences, including sociology. It is, therefore, an appropriate starting point for a discussion of the relationship between history and sociology in Britain. The ferment affected different branches of history in different ways: political and diplomatic history hardly at all; social and economic history much more. The impact of the social sciences on economic history came primarily from neo-classical economic theory allied to econometrics. Historians looked to the social sciences in the 1960s and 1970s for concepts, theories, and methods which would assist them to reinvigorate the writing of history. There can be little doubt that economic history was much more influenced between 1960 and 1990 by economics than was social history by sociology. However, history since the 1960s has drawn more on the insights and methods of the social sciences than the social sciences in Britain, including sociology, have drawn on history; this is to the detriment of scholarship in the social sciences.

scholarly journals The Impact of Reward—Penalty Policy on Different Recycling Modes of Recyclable Resources in Residential Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7883
Author(s):  
Dong Mu ◽  
Shaoqing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
The Social ◽  
Second Mode ◽  
Waste Classification ◽  
Recyclable Resources ◽  
Recycling Systems ◽  
The Impact

Facing enormous pressure from the rapid growth of waste on the environment and society, many developed countries have combined urban waste recycling systems with waste classification to reduce pollution and recycle resources. However, this technique is not well established in developing countries. From the 2000s, China has carried out many waste classification recycling projects in many pilot cities although they have yet to reach widespread success. This paper focuses on China’s Newest Waste Classification Recycling Project (NWCRP), which was first implemented in Shanghai from 2019 and has a three-echelon supply chain containing waste classification guiders (WCGs), recyclers and demanders. Firstly, two recycling modes in NWCRP are studied: the recyclers of the first mode are dominated by the recycling company (mode RC), and the recyclers of the second mode are dominated by the environmental sanitation engineering group (mode ESEG). Secondly, a reward—penalty policy is proposed, which can be implemented for WCGs or different recyclers in the two modes (RC or ESEG), and the impacts of different scenarios are also compared. The results showed that (1) with increasing reward—penalty intensity, the sorting rate and the profit show upward trends in two modes, while the subsidy efficiency of government decreases; (2) when the reward—penalty policy is implemented for WCGs, the recyclers’ recycling price decreases in the two modes; (3) all scenarios that implement the reward—penalty policy in mode RC have certain advantages in the sorting rate and profit and (4) with increasing reward—penalty intensity and target sorting rate in the reward—penalty policy, the social welfare first increases and then decreases in all scenarios. Finally, some suggestions on the recycling mode and the reward—penalty policy for establishing a 3RW recycling system are provided.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in the Context of Global Resource Mobility. What Can Be Expected from It?

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-107
Author(s):  
Ryszard Piasecki ◽  
Miron Wolnicki ◽  
Erico Wulf Betancourt
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Policy ◽  
Proper Actions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

The impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on business, government, and society is getting more attention. The leading AI sectors have higher productivity but a lower share of GDP than those lagging in digitization and AI. There is a technological gap, with still unknown consequences concerning the social contract, the expected new digital welfare profile, as well as the business strategy about globalization. The hypothesis is that while digitization was already in motion (2000–2005), capital outflow from the US to MHGEs (market high-growth economies) in Asia negatively affected its productivity outcome. Additionally, it is expected that AI will give more market power to multinationals, reshaping the social contract. Thus, the current western social contract will no longer be able to cope with the consequences of the weakness of the nation-state, its policymakers, or the powerful profit-driven multinationals to deal with the overall effect of AI. We aim to look at the impact of this new state of technology on the social contract, focusing on the proper actions of government and business to deal with it. We used a descriptive approach based on desk research concerning productivity data, European government policies, trade model analysis, and business approach to AI. We expect to demonstrate the dynamic interaction of the K/L ratio within the prevailing status of global resources mobility, and the dangers unregulated AI represents to labor. Policy actions are needed concerning the legal status of AI and how to avert the collapse of the social contract and the rise of oligarchic cyber‑autocracies. Our general conclusion is as follows: While capital investments, which would have contributed to improved total factor productivity (TFP) in the USA, went to MHGEs, increasing their GDP growth in less than a decade, the broad use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) will reverse massive offshoring, and new types of manufacturing processes will emerge in developed countries.

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