Greenhouse Evaluation of Melon Rootstock Resistance to Monosporascus Root Rot and Vine Decline as Well as of Yield and Fruit Quality in Grafted 'Inodorus' Melons

Watermelon vine decline (WVD) caused by the whitefly-transmitted Squash vein yellowing virus (SqVYV) has been a serious limiting factor in watermelon production in southwest and west-central Florida over the past few years. Symptoms of WVD typically appear as sudden decline of vines a few weeks before harvest or just after the first harvest. Fruit symptoms include rind necrosis and flesh discoloration that affects fruit quality and marketability. The combination of insecticide treatments consisting of an imidacloprid drench (Admire Pro, 560 ml/ha) at transplanting followed by two foliar applications of spiromesifen (Oberon, 2SC, 490 ml/ha) and reflective plastic mulch was evaluated for management of WVD during fall growing seasons of 2006, 2007, and 2009. Virus inoculum source was introduced by planting SqVYV-infected squash plants at the ends of each plot. In all three experiments, the insecticide-treated plots had significantly lower levels of WVD on foliage and fruit compared to non-treated plots. In 2007, the reflective plastic mulch was effective in reducing foliar WVD compared to non-reflective mulch, but not in 2006 and 2009. No significant interaction between plastic mulch and chemical treatments was observed on WVD development on foliage or fruit. Our results suggest that application of insecticides for managing whiteflies can help manage SqVYV-caused WVD. Accepted for publication 13 January 2015. Published 25 March 2015.

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WEEDS AS POTENTIAL HOSTS FOR FUNGAL ROOT PATHOGENS OF WATERMELON

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252019v32n101rc ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Rui Sales Júnior ◽

Ana Paula Medeiros dos Santos Rodrigues ◽

Andreia Mitsa Paiva Negreiros ◽

Márcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio ◽

Hailton da Silva Barboza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Citrullus Lanatus ◽

Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽

Soilborne Pathogens ◽

Weed Species ◽

Amaranthus Spinosus ◽

Trianthema Portulacastrum ◽

Different Types ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Boerhavia Diffusa

ABSTRACT Many watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) diseases are caused by soilborne pathogens in Brazil and worldwide. The goal of this study was to identify and quantify the frequency of phytopathogenic fungi associated with watermelon root rot and vine decline that were also present in the roots of weeds in the major watermelon production regions in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. We collected root samples from 10 of the most prevalent weed species in 16 watermelon producing areas. The plants were identified and their frequencies in the fields were calculated. The fungi found in the weed roots were isolated and the main genera associated with watermelon vine decline were identified. We identified 13 weed species belonging to nine botanical families. The weed species with the highest frequencies found in the field were Amaranthus spinosus (25.0%), Trianthema portulacastrum (18.8%), Commelina sp. (18.8%), and Boerhavia diffusa (12.5%). The fungi Macrophomina, Rhizoctonia, and Monosporascus were isolated from the roots of the weed plants. While Macrophomina was isolated from 12 different types of plants, Rhizoctonia and Monosporascus were isolated from four and two different plant species, respectively.

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Role ofMonosporascus cannonballusand Other Fungi in a Root Rot/Vine Decline Disease of Muskmelon

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pd-75-1133 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 75 (11) ◽

pp. 1133 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

J. C. Mertely

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Decline Disease ◽

Vine Decline

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Monosporascus eutypoides, a Cause of Root Rot and Vine Decline in Tunisia, and Evidence that M. cannonballus and M. eutypoides Are Distinct Species

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-05-12-0464-re ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 97 (6) ◽

pp. 737-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

I. Ben Salem ◽

K. C. Correia ◽

N. Boughalleb ◽

S. J. Michereff ◽

M. León ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Gene Sequence ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Its Region ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Nuclear Ribosomal Dna ◽

Geographic Origins ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Elongation Factor 1

Three Monosporascus eutypoides–like isolates recovered from cucurbit plants with symptoms of Monosporascus root rot and vine decline in Tunisia were compared to 28 isolates of M. cannonballus from 12 countries for phenotypic, genomic, and pathogenicity characteristics. Morphologically, M. cannonballus and M. eutypoides–like cultures were similar, each producing fertile perithecia in culture containing globose, smooth, dark brown to black ascospores. Nevertheless, all M. cannonballus isolates had one ascospore per ascus, while M. eutypoides–like isolates had mainly two to three ascospores per ascus (rarely one). The employment of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA, the elongation factor 1-α (EF-1α), and the β-tubulin (β-tub) gene sequence diversity analyses and the resulting phylogenies identified a level of polymorphism that enabled separation of M. cannonballus and M. eutypoides–like isolates. All isolates of M. cannonballus had identical EF-1α and β-tub sequences irrespective of very diverse geographic origins, which were different from the EF-1α and β-tub sequences of the M. eutypoides–like isolates (96 and 97% similarity, respectively). Similar results were obtained for the ITS region of rDNA. In addition, of three M. eutypoides–like isolates tested for pathogenicity, all three were pathogenic on watermelon, two were pathogenic on muskmelon, but only one was pathogenic on cucumber. The results demonstrate that the M. eutypoides–like isolates belong to the species M. eutypoides, and that M. cannonballus and M. eutypoides are distinct species.

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Fusarium Oxysporum F. Sp. Radicis-Lycopersici – the Cause of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot in Tomato Cultivation

Journal of Plant Protection Research ◽

10.2478/jppr-2013-0026 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 172-176 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wojciech Szczechura ◽

Mirosława Staniaszek ◽

Hanna Habdas

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Root Rot ◽

Dominant Gene ◽

Chromosome 9 ◽

Single Dominant Gene ◽

Specific Enzyme ◽

Vegetative Compatibility Groups ◽

Field Crops ◽

Crown And Root Rot

Abstract Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) leading to fusarium crown and root rot is one of the most destructive soilborne diseases of tomatoes occurring in greenhouse and field crops. Physiological races of FORL were not defined but nine vegetative compatibility groups (VGCs) were identified. Infection followed by wounds and natural holes and infection is not systemic. The optimum soil temperature for pathogen development is 18°C. Infection may cause plants to wilt and die completely or infection may lower fruit quality. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici has the ability to produce a specific enzyme, tomatinase, which breaks down α-tomatine and protects the pathogen. In contrast tomato also has a defence system which consists of the enzymes chitinase and β-1, 3-glucanase. Tomato resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici is determined by a single dominant gene Frl, localized on the long arm of chromosome 9. It was introduced to cultivars from Licopersicum peruvianum (L.) Mill.

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TOMATO FRUIT QUALITY AND ION STATUS: THE EFFECTS OF SALINITY, PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT ROT AND GENOTYPE

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1149b ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1149b-1149

Author(s):

Sieglinde Snapp ◽

Carol Shennan

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Root Rot ◽

Tomato Fruit ◽

High Salt ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Saline Irrigation ◽

Phytophthora Root Rot ◽

Low Salt ◽

Tomato Cultivars

Tomato Fruit quality can be improved by the use of moderately saline irrigation water. However, decreased fruit yields may occur if the saline treatment is initiated early in plant development or the salt concentration is high. Another concern with the use of saline irrigation water is increased plant susceptibility to disease. Two processing tomato cultivars were grown under low salt (ECa=1.1 ds/m), medium salt (ECa=2.8 ds/m) and high salt (ECa=4.6 ds/m) regimes, and in the presence and absence of Phytophthora parasitica, the casual agent of Phytophthora root rot. Salinity increased Phytophthora root rot severity in UC82B, the susceptible cultivar, but had a limited effect on CX8303, a cultivar known to have a measure of resistance to Phytophthora root rot. Fruit acidity and percent total soluble solids were enhanced in both cultivars by increasing salinity. Infection by P. parasitica increased acidity and soluble solids in UC82B fruit grown under high salt. Sodium and chloride concentrations in tomato fruit increased in a manner proportionate to the salt treatment applied; however, in the absence of disease, fruit Na+ and Cllevels were markedly lower compared to other tissues in the plant, The presence of salt-enhanced Phytophthora root rot in UC82B increased fruit Na+ concentration by almost 100%. Fruit Ca2+ and K+ levels, in contrast, declined moderately with increasing salinity and were not affected by disease.

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DISTRIBUTION OF MONOSPORASCUS ROOT ROT AND VINE DECLINE DISEASE OF CUCURBITS IN EGYPT

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology ◽

10.21608/jppp.2009.208762 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 34 (6) ◽

pp. 6811-6821

Author(s):

S. El-Desouky, ◽

M. Awad ◽

Majdah Al-Tuwaijri

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Decline Disease ◽

Vine Decline

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Differential Yield Response Of Melon Hybrids with Monosporascus Root Rot/Vine Decline

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.675f ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 675f-676

Author(s):

David W. Wolff ◽

Marvin E. Miller

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Physiological Stress ◽

Yield Response ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Serious Disease ◽

Production Areas ◽

Don Carlos

Monosporascus root rot/vine decline (MRR/VD), caused by Monosporascus cannonballus, is a serious disease of the major melon production areas of Texas, California, and Arizona. We have previously identified differing levels of tolerance in melon germplasm based on vine disease symptoms. This study was conducted to evaluate the yield response of commercial and experimental cantaloupe and honeydew hybrids subjected to MRR/VD. Thirty-nine and six cantaloupe and honeydew hybrids, respectively, were transplanted into a field highly infested with M. cannonballus in March 1995 in a randomized, complete block with 4 replications. The field was highly infested with Monosporascus cannonballus. `Caravelle' (very susceptible) and `Deltex' (tolerant) were included as control entries. Fruit were harvested at maturity and sized. Any fruit that did not mature completely due to vine death were counted as culls (unmarketable). Marketable yield of the cantaloupe entries ranged from 26.74% to 67.35%. The most tolerant hybrids were `SR103654', `Don Carlos', `Explorer', and `Ovation'. Marketable yield of the honeydews ranged from 8.43% to 41.46%, with `Morning Ice' and `Creme de Menthe' showing the most tolerance. The best performing hybrids were evaluated again the Fall 1995 and Spring 1996 seasons. In general, genotypes which matured later, and had a more dispersed fruit set, were more tolerant to MRR/VD. This supports previous data showing that high physiological stress (heavy, concentrated fruit load) leads to more severe and rapid vine collapse.

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Antagonistic potential of certain soilborne fungal bioagents against Monosporascus root rot and vine decline of watermelon and promotion of its growth

Novel Research in Microbiology Journal ◽

10.21608/nrmj.2018.17864 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 85-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Abdelhak Rhouma ◽

Ibtissem Ben Salem ◽

Mahmoud M’Hamdi ◽

Naima Boughalleb-M’Hamdi

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Antagonistic Potential

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