Differential Yield Response Of Melon Hybrids with Monosporascus Root Rot/Vine Decline

Monosporascus root rot/vine decline (MRR/VD), caused by Monosporascus cannonballus, is a serious disease of the major melon production areas of Texas, California, and Arizona. We have previously identified differing levels of tolerance in melon germplasm based on vine disease symptoms. This study was conducted to evaluate the yield response of commercial and experimental cantaloupe and honeydew hybrids subjected to MRR/VD. Thirty-nine and six cantaloupe and honeydew hybrids, respectively, were transplanted into a field highly infested with M. cannonballus in March 1995 in a randomized, complete block with 4 replications. The field was highly infested with Monosporascus cannonballus. `Caravelle' (very susceptible) and `Deltex' (tolerant) were included as control entries. Fruit were harvested at maturity and sized. Any fruit that did not mature completely due to vine death were counted as culls (unmarketable). Marketable yield of the cantaloupe entries ranged from 26.74% to 67.35%. The most tolerant hybrids were `SR103654', `Don Carlos', `Explorer', and `Ovation'. Marketable yield of the honeydews ranged from 8.43% to 41.46%, with `Morning Ice' and `Creme de Menthe' showing the most tolerance. The best performing hybrids were evaluated again the Fall 1995 and Spring 1996 seasons. In general, genotypes which matured later, and had a more dispersed fruit set, were more tolerant to MRR/VD. This supports previous data showing that high physiological stress (heavy, concentrated fruit load) leads to more severe and rapid vine collapse.

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Occurrence and Pathogenicity of Fungi Associated with Melon Root Rot and Vine Decline in California

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2000.84.3.224 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 84 (3) ◽

pp. 224-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

B. J. Aegerter ◽

T. R. Gordon ◽

R. M. Davis

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Vascular Tissue ◽

Root Length Density ◽

Geographic Location ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Pathogenicity Tests ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Production Areas

The occurrence of fungi associated with root rot and vine decline of melon (Cucumis melo) in commercial fields in California was surveyed over 3 years. The fungi most frequently isolated from discolored vascular tissue or root rot were Acremonium cucurbitacearum, Rhizopycnis vagum, Monosporascus cannonballus, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium spp., and Verticillium dahliae. The frequency of isolation of the various fungi varied with root symptomology. Pythium spp., and M. phaseolina were frequently associated with a wet, brownish root rot, while A. cucurbitacearum, R. vagum, and Rhizoctonia solani were generally associated with a dry, corky root rot. Presence of Monosporascus cannonballus was associated both with a wet, brownish rot as well as with discrete, reddish, corky lesions. The frequency of isolation of a given pathogen varied with geographic location, with M. cannonballus present only in the southern production areas, while A. cucurbitacearum and Rhizopycnis vagum were most common in the northern production areas. In pathogenicity tests in field microplots, M. cannonballus caused vine collapse and severe root rot of cantaloupe, reducing root length density by 93%. California isolates of R. vagum and A. cucurbitacearum, although only weakly pathogenic in field microplots, caused root discoloration and reduced vine growth in greenhouse tests. Reduction in dry weight of greenhouse-grown cantaloupe was 40, 23, and 39% for R. vagum, A. cucurbitacearum, and M. cannonballus, respectively.

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Differential Reaction of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Germplasm to Monosproascus Vine Decline

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.30.4.827f ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 827F-827

Author(s):

David W. Wolff

Keyword(s):

Physiological Stress ◽

Natural Infection ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Differential Reaction ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Moderate Resistance ◽

Cucumis Melo L ◽

Resistant Genotypes ◽

Symptom Rating

We conducted a field screen of 130 melon cultigens to identify potential sources of host-plant resistance to Monosporascus cannonballus. Seed were sown in Speedling trays with inoculated or non-inoculated media. Plants were transplanted into a field known to be highly infested with Monosporascus cannonballus. Noninoculated plots were planted in rows that were fumigated with Telone II. Cultigens were arranged in a randomized complete block with three replications in each treatment (fumigated, nonfumigated). A disease symptom rating (1 = complete death to 5 = no symptoms) was taken at 78 and 90 days post-transplanting. Disease symptoms were most severe and occurred earliest in the inoculated, nonfumigated plots. Natural infection by Monosporascus occurred in the fumigated plots as over 95% of root samples collected contained perithecia. At the second rating date, 108 of the 130 cultigens tested were classified as moderately to highly susceptible (rating < 2.5). The four most resistant genotypes had a second rating equal or close to 4.0 (`Galia', `Deltex', `Rocky Sweet', and `Charlynne'). A group of 14 genotypes showed moderate resistance with a second rating of 3.0. Included in this group were `Morning Ice', `Doublon', `Israeli', `MR-1', `Santa Clause', and `Primo'. The physiological stress of a concentrated fruit set increases severity of vine decline symptoms.

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Evaluation of Pepper Root Rot Resistance in an Integrated Phytophthora Blight Management Program

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech03697-17 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 408-415 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Charles S. Krasnow ◽

Andrew A. Wyenandt ◽

Wesley L. Kline ◽

J. Boyd Carey ◽

Mary K. Hausbeck

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Infected Plant ◽

The United States ◽

Management Program ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Untreated Plot ◽

Phytophthora Blight ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Treated Plot

Phytophthora crown and root rot, incited by Phytophthora capsici, is an important and limiting disease in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum) production in many vegetable-producing areas of the United States. Soilborne oospores initiate disease when conditions are favorable, and polycyclic production of sporangia and zoospores occurs on infected plant tissue during the production season. Raised-bed plant culture, resistant cultivars, and oomycete-specific fungicides are commonly used to manage P. capsici. The objective of this study was to evaluate four bell pepper cultivars and four experimental breeding entries (collectively termed entries) for resistance to P. capsici in Michigan (MI) and New Jersey (NJ) and to determine the effect of a fungicide program on plant health and yield. The pepper cultivars included Camelot X3R (susceptible), Aristotle (intermediately resistant), and Paladin and Archimedes (resistant) for comparison. Disease symptoms included plant wilting and sunken necrotic stem lesions. In NJ, blighting of stems and foliage was also observed. In MI, >90% of the susceptible ‘Camelot X3R’ plants in the untreated plot wilted and died in both years of the study. All other entries had <10% plant wilting and death in 2014. In 2015, ‘Archimedes’ and ‘Paladin’ had <10% wilt and plant death; ‘Aristotle’, AP4835, 13SE12671, and AP4841 had 10% to 30% symptomatic plants. The fungicide program reduced disease to <10% for all entries except ‘Camelot X3R’ in 2014 and ‘Aristotle’ and ‘Camelot X3R’ in 2015. In NJ, ‘Paladin’, ‘Aristotle’, and ‘Camelot X3R’ (2014) and ‘Archimedes’, ‘Aristotle’, and ‘Camelot X3R’ (2015) had >30% plant wilting and death in the untreated plot. In the fungicide-treated plot, AP4841, AP4835, and AP4839 (2014), and AP4839 (2015) had <10% of plants with disease symptoms; ‘Camelot X3R’ and ‘Aristotle’ had >40% plant wilting and death in both years. In MI, marketable yield for ‘Paladin’ in fungicide-treated and untreated plots was significantly higher than the other entries in both years (P < 0.05). AP4839 was the highest yielding entry in NJ in the untreated plot, and AP4839 and ‘Archimedes’ were highest yielding in the fungicide-treated plot in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Fruit size for 13SE12671 was the largest among entries in both locations. There was no entry × fungicide program interaction in MI.

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First Report of Root Rot and Vine Decline of Melon Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus in Greece

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis-10-17-1568-pdn ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 102 (5) ◽

pp. 1036-1036 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. A. Markakis ◽

E. A. Trantas ◽

C. S. Lagogianni ◽

E. Mpalantinaki ◽

M. Pagoulatou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

First Report ◽

Vine Decline

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Fungicide Efficacy in Prevention of Root Rot Incited by Phytophthora cactorum and Phytophthora drechsleri in Fraser Fir Seedlings

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech.22.4.470 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 470-475

Author(s):

Benjamin K. Hoover ◽

R.M. Bates

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Phytophthora Cactorum ◽

Phytophthora Root Rot ◽

Disease Symptoms ◽

Foliar Disease ◽

Fraser Fir ◽

Central Pennsylvania ◽

Phytophthora Drechsleri ◽

Serious Disease ◽

Tree Production

The most serious disease problem in fraser fir (Abies fraseri) Christmas tree production is phytophthora root rot (PRR). The efficacies of six fungicide treatments in preventing PRR incited by Phytophthora cactorum and P. drechsleri in 2-year-old fraser fir seedlings were evaluated in 2010 and 2011 in central Pennsylvania. The study examined five fungicide drench treatments [dimethomorph, fosetyl-aluminum (fosetyl-Al), hydrogen dioxide, mefenoxam, propamocarb hydrochloride] and one soil spray treatment (mefenoxam) in raised planting boxes. Dimethomorph applied on 14-day intervals prevented foliar disease symptoms and mortality in fraser fir seedlings exposed to either P. cactorum or P. drechsleri. One-time application of fosetyl-Al or mefenoxam were effective at times in preventing foliar disease symptoms and mortality in fraser fir seedlings exposed to P. drechsleri but were not as effective against P. cactorum.

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Application of Preplant Fumigants via Drip Irrigation Systems for the Management of Root Rot of Melons Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2003.87.10.1176 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 87 (10) ◽

pp. 1176-1178 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

M. E. Stanghellini ◽

D. M. Ferrin ◽

D. H. Kim ◽

M. M. Waugh ◽

K. C. Radewald ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methyl Bromide ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Root Rot ◽

Irrigation Systems ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Hot Gas ◽

Equivalent Rate ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Pathogen Populations ◽

Better Than

Root rot and vine decline, caused by Monosporascus cannonballus, is a destructive disease of melons in the desert production regions of southern California. In 1998, we initiated studies on the use of preplant fumigation to reduce resident pathogen populations in soil. Preplant fumigation with methyl iodide injected as a hot gas at 448.4 kg/ha through drip irrigation tape in preformed, tarped beds consistently provided significant (P < 0.05) reductions in the percentage of roots infected compared with the nonfumigated controls; these reductions were equal to or better than those achieved with an equivalent rate (448.4 kg/ha) of methyl bromide. Chloropicrin applied in water at 249.0 kg/ha through buried drip irrigation tape to either tarped or nontarped beds significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the percentages of both roots infected and roots on which perithecia were produced compared with nonfumigated controls.

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Effects of Preconditioning Through Mycorrhizal Inoculation on the Control of Melon Root Rot and Vine Decline Caused by Monosporascus cannonballus

Journal of Phytopathology ◽

10.1111/jph.12389 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 163 (11-12) ◽

pp. 898-907 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maria Pia Aleandri ◽

Diana Martignoni ◽

Roberto Reda ◽

Gabriele Chilosi

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Vine Decline ◽

Mycorrhizal Inoculation

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Resistance in melon to Monosporascus cannonballus and M. eutypoides : Fungal pathogens associated with Monosporascus root rot and vine decline

Annals of Applied Biology ◽

10.1111/aab.12590 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 177 (1) ◽

pp. 101-111 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Gabriel Castro ◽

Gorka Perpiñá ◽

Cristina Esteras ◽

Josep Armengol ◽

Belén Picó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Root Rot ◽

Fungal Pathogens ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Vine Decline

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Comparisons of Root Morphology in Susceptible and Tolerant Melon Cultivars before and after Infection by Monosporascus cannonballus

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.35.4.681 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 681-683 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Kevin Crosby ◽

David Wolff ◽

Marvin Miller

Keyword(s):

Root Length ◽

Root Rot ◽

Growth Period ◽

Root Systems ◽

Root Tip ◽

Total Root Length ◽

Root Tips ◽

Monosporascus Cannonballus ◽

Vine Decline ◽

The Impact

The fungus Monosporascus cannonballus Pollock and Uecker infects melon (Cucumis melo L.) roots and causes root rot/vine decline disease, which has reduced productivity of commercial muskmelon and honeydew cultivars in South Texas. To assess the impact of the fungus on several root traits, two greenhouse experiments were carried out over two seasons. A comparison of inoculated vs. control root systems was carried out with four melon cultivars representing both susceptible (`Magnum 45' and `Caravelle') and tolerant types (`Deltex' and `Doublon'). The sand medium was inoculated with 50–60 colony forming units (CFUs) per gram of the severe Monosporascus strain, TX90-25. After a 30-day growth period, the control and inoculated root systems were carefully cleaned and evaluated. Roots were scanned by a computer and the data were analyzed by the Rhizo Pro 3.8 program. The traits of interest included total root length, average root diameter, number of root tips, number of fine roots (0–0.5 mm), and number of small roots (0.5–1 mm). Significant differences existed between the two tolerant cultivars and the two susceptible ones for four of the traits. Total root length, fine and small root length, and root tip number were greater for `Deltex' than for both susceptible cultivars and greater for `Doublon' than for `Caravelle'. The results suggest that tolerance to this pathogen is closely linked to the integrity of the root structure. The potential for improving root vigor to combat root rot/vine decline merits further investigation.

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