scholarly journals GEOTECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EMBANKMENT ALONG THE RAILWAY ROUTE OF ENTITY BORDER OF FEDERATION OF BIH – MAGLAJ, SECTION km 103+500 MAGLAJ

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (16) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neđo Đurić
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Time Period ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Improvement Measures ◽  
Train Speed

Railway route from entity border to Maglaj is on corridor V of railways that connects Adriatic seawith European Union countries. More precisely, it is on the railway Samac – Sarajevo that was builtduring the fifties. From Doboj to Zenica exist two tracks, one built in 1947. and the other thirty yearslater. In time, the railway worn out, since it was not maintained properly during its exploitation, soallowed train speed is 40 km/h. Reconstruction of railway had previously started on sections with aimto achieve the level of train speed to 120 km/h.Terrain research in order to overview quality of material on which the railway is laid, and immediateenvironment that has effect on railway route, were conducted by sections, from which section km103+500 – Maglaj is one of the most important considering characteristics of the terrain on which theroute passes. Research along railway route were conducted by using research trial pits from both sidesand in between tracks, to depth of entry in basic soil. Depth of research works is different for old andnew track, considering the way of construction in time period of 30 years. Beyond narrow corridor ofrailway route research of characteristics of the terrain were not conducted, because of inability toaccess due to mining. Results of terrain and laboratory tests showed geotechnical characteristics ofmaterial, based on which were given quality improvement measures for deposited materials, and basefor reconstruction of railway.

scholarly journals Community Pharmacies in Poland—The Journey from a Deregulated to a Strictly Regulated Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8751
Author(s):  
Marcin Wiśniewski ◽  
Urszula Religioni ◽  
Piotr Merks
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Impact

Community pharmacies are the primary entities providing drugs to individual patients in Poland. The pharmacy market has been changing for many years due to significant changes in market regulations. These changes significantly affect the profitability of pharmacies, which may impact the quality of pharmacotherapy. The small number of pharmacies, which resulted from changes in the law in 2017, can influence the level of patient care. The article presents the community pharmacies market in Poland. Particular attention is paid to the legal regulations affecting community pharmacies and the impact of these regulations on the overall shape of the market. The Polish system’s specificity, including the pharmacy market indicators, has been compared with data from other European Union countries.

FOOD SECURITY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2017 ◽  
Vol XIX (3) ◽  
pp. 150-155
Author(s):  
Jakub Kraciuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Food Security ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Access To Food

The aim of the study was to show the state of food security in European Union countries and defines the basic factors determining the level of this security. There is a large disproportion in the state of food security between individual European Union countries, especially between old and new EU countries. It was determined that in the analyzed years average prices of products and their quality deteriorated in the countries of the European Union. The unfavorable changes that have taken place were not too great. On the other hand, the average indicator for the analyzed countries regarding access to food has clearly improved.

scholarly journals Laboratory test ordering in inpatient hospitals: a systematic review on the effects and features of clinical decision support systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Zare ◽  
Zahra Meidani ◽  
Mohammad Shirdeli ◽  
Ehsan Nabovati
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Clinical Decision Support Systems ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Blood Institute ◽  
Time Period ◽  
National Heart Lung ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Test Ordering

Abstract Background: Studies have revealed inappropriate laboratory testing as a source of waste. This review aimed at evaluating the effects and features of CDSSs on physicians' appropriate laboratory test ordering in inpatient hospitals.Method: Medline through PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane were queried without any time period restriction. Studies using CDSSs as an intervention to improve laboratory test ordering as the primary aim were included. The study populations in the included studies were laboratory tests, physicians ordering laboratory tests, or the patients for whom laboratory tests were ordered. The included papers were evaluated for their outcomes related to the effect of CDSSs which were categorized based on the outcomes related to tests, physician, and patients. The primary outcome measures were the number and cost of the ordered laboratory tests. The instrument from The National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NIH) was used to assess the quality of the included studies. Moreover, we applied a checklist for assessing the quality and features of the CDSSs presented in the included studies. A narrative synthesis was used to describe and compare the designs and the results of included studies.Result: Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted based on a quasi-experimental design. The results showed improvement in laboratory test-related outcomes (e.g. proportion and cost of tests) and also physician-related outcomes (e.g. guideline adherence and orders cancellation). Patient-related outcomes (e.g. length of stay and mortality rate) were not well investigated in the included studies. In addition, the evidence about applying CDSS as a decision aid for interpreting laboratory results was rare.Conclusion: CDSSs increase appropriate test ordering in hospitals through eliminating redundant test orders and enhancing evidence-based practice. Appropriate testing and cost saving were both affected by the CDSSs. However, the evidence is limited about the effects of laboratory test CDSSs on patient-related outcomes.

scholarly journals Analiza porównawcza jakości życia seniorów w wybranych krajach Unii Europejskiej

Ekonomia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Sawicz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
European Union ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Economic Aspect ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Economic Nature

Comparative ana lysis of the quality of life of seniors in selected countries of the European UnionFor more than twenty years, the number of elderly people in Europe has been increasing. This process is called “the graying of the continent”. The aging of societies raises many problems of a medical, social and economic nature. On the other hand, the increase in the quality of life of seniors caused less spending on medical and social care.The article attempts to analyze the quality of life of seniors in selected countries of the European Union. The level of quality of life was examined in economic aspect. Particular attention is paid to the health of the population in selected EU country and the level of poverty. The article indicates countries with the highest quality of life of the elderly and countries in which the quality of life of seniors is low.

The politics of justification? Applying the ‘Discourse Quality Index’ to the study of the European Parliament

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Lord ◽  
Dionysia Tamvaki
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
European Parliament ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Institutional Issues ◽  
Discourse Quality

In this paper, we apply a revised version of the Discourse Quality Index (DQI) developed by Steenbergen et al. to European Parliament (EP) debates. This updated measurement instrument, after the inclusion of new indicators, helps us identify not just the principles of European Union (EU) deliberation but most importantly the favourable contextual conditions of supranational deliberation. We illustrate the new DQI coding for selected debates over the last EU parliamentary term and discuss how the data can be employed to assess the overall quality of deliberation in the EP. At the same time we demonstrate that institutional issues matter for the quality of EP discourse, as do Members of the European Parliaments’ personal characteristics. Issue attributes on the other hand, influence supranational deliberation but not in the expected direction.

scholarly journals The Quality of Entrepreneurial Activity and Economic Competitiveness in European Union Countries: A Panel Data Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Rusu ◽  
Dornean
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Panel Data Estimation ◽  
Economic Competitiveness ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
The Relationship

To increase competitiveness, a country has to outperform its competitors in terms of research and innovation, entrepreneurship, competition, and education. In this paper, we aim to test the relationship between the quality of entrepreneurial activity and the economic competitiveness for the European Union countries by using panel data estimation techniques. Our research considers a sample of 28 EU countries over the period 2011–2017. For the empirical investigation we apply panel data regression models. The results obtained show that business, macroeconomic environment and the quality of entrepreneurship are significant determinants of economic competitiveness of EU countries. Thus, we identify significant positive relations between innovation rate, inflation rate, FDI and economic competitiveness, and significant negative relations between expectations regarding job creation, tax rate, costs and competitiveness. Our study completes the literature by analyzing the relationship between the quality of entrepreneurship and the competitiveness of countries, for an extensive sample formed by all the 28 countries members of the European Union for a period of seven recent years.

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