scholarly journals Phenological Models for Predicting the Budburst and Flowering Date of Grapevine

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Ruml ◽  
Nada Korać
Keyword(s):  
High Accuracy ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Flowering Date ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Temperature Observations

The study aimed to develop temperature-based models to predict the budburst and flowering dates in grapevine. The models were developed using phenological data for 20 wine cultivars grown in the region of Sremski Karlovci (Serbia) and temperature observations over the 1986–2007 period. The input variable for the budburst model was the mean daily temperature averaged over the period from 1 March to the event onset, while the input variable for the flowering model was the maximum daily temperature averaged over the period from 15 April to the event onset. The models proved to be capable of predicting the onset of budburst and flowering in grapevine with high accuracy. For 20 cultivars studied, the mean absolute differences between the observed and predicted budburst and flowering dates were on average 4 and 3 days, respectively.

Daily distance travelled and foraging areas of Varanus gouldii (Reptilia : Varanidae) in a semi-urban environment

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 743 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Foraging Area ◽  
Weak Positive Correlation ◽  
Daily Sunshine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Daily Distance

The foraging areas of Varanus gouldii were monitored by the spool-and-line technique over 51 consecutive days during October and November 1990 in Karrakatta Cemetery, Perth, Western Australia. The daily distance travelled by lizards varied markedly. The mean distance travelled was 111 -6m for days that varanids moved from their burrows. There was a weak positive correlation between the daily distance travelled and the maximum daily temperature and hours of daily sunshine. Some varanids moved their foraging areas from open unshaded sections of the cemetery into a more heavily treed area in November. The size of the daily foraging area for small varanids (<600g) was extremely variable (estimated median 300m*2); areas were greater in November than October. Some varanids moved to different foraging areas every few days.

Essai d'application de modèles météorologiques au calcul du moment d'apparition de deux phases phénologiques | Application of Meteorological Models for the Calculation of the Beginning of Two Phenological Phases

2000 ◽  
Vol 151 (10) ◽  
pp. 385-397
Author(s):  
Bernard Primault
Keyword(s):  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Swiss Alps ◽  
Winter Solstice ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Thermal Thresholds ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Meteorological Models ◽  
Phenological Phases

Many years ago, a model was elaborated to calculate the«beginning of the vegetation's period», based on temperatures only (7 days with +5 °C temperature or more). The results were correlated with phenological data: the beginning of shoots with regard to spruce and larch. The results were not satisfying, therefore, the value of the two parameters of the first model were modified without changing the second one. The result, however, was again not satisfying. Research then focused on the influence of cumulated temperatures over thermal thresholds. Nevertheless, the results were still not satisfying. The blossoming of fruit trees is influenced by the mean temperature of a given period before the winter solstice. Based on this knowledge, the study evaluated whether forest trees could also be influenced by temperature or sunshine duration of a given period in the rear autumn. The investigation was carried through from the first of January on as well as from the date of snow melt of the following year. In agricultural meteorology, the temperature sums are often interrelated with the sunshine duration, precipitation or both. However,the results were disappointing. All these calculations were made for three stations situated between 570 and 1560 m above sea-level. This allowed to draw curves of variation of the two first parameters (number of days and temperature) separately for each species observed. It was finally possible to specify the thus determined curves with data of three other stations situated between the first ones. This allows to calculate the flushing of the two tree species, if direct phenological observation is lacking. This method, however, is only applicable for the northern part of the Swiss Alps.

RELEASE OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA STEPHENS (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FOR CONTROL OF THE GREEN APPLE APHID, APHIS POMI DEGEER (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer A.C. Hagley
Keyword(s):  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Chrysoperla Carnea ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Aphis Pomi ◽  
The Mean

AbstractRelease of the chrysopid, Chrysoperla cornea Stephens, at a rate of ca. 335 000 eggs per hectare, reduced significantly the numbers of apterous adults and nymphs of the green apple aphid, Aphis pomi DeGeer, on dwarf apple trees. Greater reduction in aphid numbers occurred in 1984 than in 1985, and the efficiency of the predator might have been influenced by the predator:prey ratios (1:10 and 1:19) used and by the mean daily temperature that occurred during the test periods. Application of azinphosmethyl (Guthion 50% wp, 0.105 and 0.075 kg AI/100 L) did not adversely affect predation of apterous A. pomi by larvae of C. carnea.

The solution of theoretical seismic problems by best rational function approximations for Laplace transform inversion

1975 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-935
Author(s):  
I. M. Longman ◽  
T. Beer
Keyword(s):  
Laplace Transform ◽  
Rational Function ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Inversion Method ◽  
The Laplace Transform ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Function Approximations ◽  
Laplace Transform Inversion

Abstract In a recent paper, the first author has developed a method of computation of “best” rational function approximations ḡn(p) to a given function f̄(p) of the Laplace transform operator p. These approximations are best in the sense that analytic inversion of ḡn(p) gives a function gn(t) of the time variable t, which approximates the (generally unknown) inverse f(t) of f̄(p in a minimum least-squares manner. Only f̄(p) but not f(t) is required to be known in order to carry out this process. n is the “order” of the approximation, and it can be shown that as n tends to infinity gn(t) tends to f(t) in the mean. Under suitable conditions on f(t) the convergence is extremely rapid, and quite low values of n (four or five, say) are sufficient to give high accuracy for all t ≧ 0. For seismological applications, we use geometrical optics to subtract out of f(t) its discontinuities, and bring it to a form in which the above inversion method is very rapidly convergent. This modification is of course carried out (suitably transformed) on f̄(p), and the discontinuities are restored to f(t) after the inversion. An application is given to an example previously treated by the first author by a different method, and it is a certain vindication of the present method that an error in the previously given solution is brought to light. The paper also presents a new analytical method for handling the Bessel function integrals that occur in theoretical seismic problems related to layered media.

Estimating water consumption and factors affecting intake in grazing cattle

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaukat Ali ◽  
L. A. Goonewardene ◽  
J. A. Basarab
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Grazing Cattle

Water consumption (WC) by 39.5 animal units (AU) of grazing cattle was studied at a central Alberta site in summer. Average WC AU−1 was estimated at 48.9 L d−1. WC increased by 0.68 L AU−1 (P < 0.01) for each percentage decrease in relative humidity, increased by 0.81 L AU−1 (P < 0.02) for each degree Celsius increase in maximum daily temperature, and increased by 0.15 L AU−1 (P < 0.06) as cattle grew and the season progressed. Relative humidity is shown to be an important determinant of WC in grazing cattle. Key words: Water consumption, animal unit, temperature, humidity, grazing cattle

Control of Florida Beggarweed and Sicklepod in Peanuts with Dinoseb1

1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellis W. Hauser ◽  
Gale A. Buchanan
Keyword(s):  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Single Treatment ◽  
Cassia Obtusifolia ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Naphthylphthalamic Acid ◽  
Cool Conditions

Abstract Florida beggarweed (Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC.) and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia L.), two of the worst weeds in peanuts grown in the Southeastern states, were most susceptible to dinoseb (the alkanolamine salt of 2-sec-butyl-4, 6-dinitrophenol) applied to seedlings before the true leaves expanded. If either of these weeds was not controlled by the first application of dinoseb, especially at the lowest rate of 0.63 kg/ha, it often survived later applications and became a problem when harvesting the peanuts. Sicklepod growing in soil previously treated with vernolate (S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate) was more susceptible to low rates of dinoseb than sicklepod growing in soil free of vernolate. A single treatment of dinoseb at 0.63 kg/ha killed seedling Florida beggarweed if the maximum daily temperature exceeded 32C; however, twice that rate was necessary under cool conditions. Repeated treatments with higher rates (such as 1.26 kg/ha) of dinoseb usually were necessary for satisfactory control of sicklepod. However, where dinoseb did not kill the early weeds, repeated treatments suppressed weed growth and reduced the mass of weeds present at harvest. Peaunt plants generally tolerated the repeated dinoseb treatments, although yields trended lower if dinoseb at 1.26 kg/ha was applied after treatment with naptalam (N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid). However, any reduction in yields of peanuts attributable to either naptalam or dinoseb treatments was much less than potential reductions in yield from uncontrolled sicklepod and Florida beggarweed.

scholarly journals Investigating a Serious Challenge in the Sustainable Development Process: Analysis of Confirmed cases of COVID-19 (New Type of Coronavirus) Through a Binary Classification Using Artificial Intelligence and Regression Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behrouz Pirouz ◽  
Sina Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽  
Sami Shaffiee Haghshenas ◽  
Patrizia Piro
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Binary Classification ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

Nowadays, sustainable development is considered a key concept and solution in creating a promising and prosperous future for human societies. Nevertheless, there are some predicted and unpredicted problems that epidemic diseases are real and complex problems. Hence, in this research work, a serious challenge in the sustainable development process was investigated using the classification of confirmed cases of COVID-19 (new version of Coronavirus) as one of the epidemic diseases. Hence, binary classification modeling was used by the group method of data handling (GMDH) type of neural network as one of the artificial intelligence methods. For this purpose, the Hubei province in China was selected as a case study to construct the proposed model, and some important factors, namely maximum, minimum, and average daily temperature, the density of a city, relative humidity, and wind speed, were considered as the input dataset, and the number of confirmed cases was selected as the output dataset for 30 days. The proposed binary classification model provides higher performance capacity in predicting the confirmed cases. In addition, regression analysis has been done and the trend of confirmed cases compared with the fluctuations of daily weather parameters (wind, humidity, and average temperature). The results demonstrated that the relative humidity and maximum daily temperature had the highest impact on the confirmed cases. The relative humidity in the main case study, with an average of 77.9%, affected positively, and maximum daily temperature, with an average of 15.4 °C, affected negatively, the confirmed cases.

scholarly journals Asynchronous c-VEP communication tools—efficiency comparison of low-target, multi-target and dictionary-assisted BCI spellers

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felix W. Gembler ◽  
Mihaly Benda ◽  
Aya Rezeika ◽  
Piotr R. Stawicki ◽  
Ivan Volosyak
Keyword(s):  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Manual Control ◽  
Spatial Filters ◽  
Communication Tools ◽  
Free Communication ◽  
Computer Interfaces ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Efficiency Comparison ◽  
Control State

Abstract Keyboards and smartphones allow users to express their thoughts freely via manual control. Hands-free communication can be realized with brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) based on code-modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEPs). Various variations of such spellers have been developed: Low-target systems, multi-target systems and systems with dictionary support. In general, it is not clear which kinds of systems are optimal in terms of reliability, speed, cognitive load, and visual load. The presented study investigates the feasibility of different speller variations. 58 users tested a 4-target speller and a 32-target speller with and without dictionary functionality. For classification, multiple individualized spatial filters were generated via canonical correlation analysis (CCA). We used an asynchronous implementation allowing non-control state, thus aiming for high accuracy rather than speed. All users were able to control the tested spellers. Interestingly, no significant differences in accuracy were found: 94.4%, 95.5% and 94.0% for 4-target spelling, 32-target spelling, and dictionary-assisted 32-target spelling. The mean ITRs were highest for the 32-target interface: 45.2, 96.9 and 88.9 bit/min. The output speed in characters per minute, was highest in dictionary-assisted spelling: 8.2, 19.5 and 31.6 characters/min. According to questionnaire results, 86% of the participants preferred the 32-target speller over the 4-target speller.

scholarly journals Does Day Length Affect Cognitive Performance in Memory Clinic Patients?

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lacny ◽  
Andrew Kirk ◽  
Debra G. Morgan ◽  
Chandima Karunanayake
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Daily Temperature ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Remote Memory ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Memory Clinic ◽  
Rural And Remote ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Objective:To determine whether day length affects cognitive performance in rural and remote memory clinic patients.Methods:A rural and remote memory clinic in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan provided an opportunity to examine how cognitive performance on the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) is influenced by day length. Saskatchewan is an ideal location to test this association as day length varies greatly both seasonally and geographically. Following an initial assessment by the Rural and Remote Memory Clinic (RRMC) team in Saskatoon, patient follow-up appointments were performed either in-person or via telehealth videoconference. At each follow-up appointment the clinic neurologist administered the MMSE. The relationship between day length and MMSE scores at the sixweek follow-up appointment was analyzed in 154 patients. The mean daily temperature was controlled for in the analysis. Bivariate correlate and linear regression analyses were conducted.Results:There was no significant association between MMSE scores and either minutes of day length or mean daily temperature.Conclusion:Day length does not appear to have significant effect on cognitive performance of rural and remote memory clinic patients.

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