scholarly journals Molecular characterization of porcine rotavirus C in pigs with gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2011 – 2016

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supansa Tuanthap ◽  
Cherdpong Phupolphan ◽  
Supol Luengyosluechakul ◽  
Usanee Duang-in ◽  
Apiradee Theamboonlers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cowden Strain ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Swine Herds

Swine are economically important food animals, but highly contagious enteric viruses can affect entire swine herds and contribute significantly to piglet morbidity and mortality. The most frequent viruses associated with pig gastroenteritis have been reported as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and rotavirus. Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in piglets and pigs worldwide, and group A and C types are those that pig herds are mostly affected by. In Thailand, studies on rotavirus group A (RVA) have been reported continuously, whereas information on group C is still limited. In this study, we aimed to identify rotavirus group C (RVC) from the feces and intestinal contents of pigs affected with diarrhea. Seven hundred and sixty-nine samples were collected from swine herds located in difference provinces throughout Thailand. The specimens were tested using virus-specific RT-PCR to detect the gene encoding RVC capsid protein VP7 and VP4. Sequencing analyses showed that 6.6% (51/769) of samples were positive for RVC, one third of which tested as single positive for RVC (34/51). Co-infections with the most frequent enteric viruses, RVA and PEDV were also analyzed. Co-infections of RVA/RVC accounted for 21.6% (11/51) of samples and of PEDV/RVC for 7.8% (4/51) of samples, while three samples (5.9%) tested positive for all three viruses. Infections were not associated with seasonality, since the virus was detected throughout the year. RVC was detected in pigs up to 8 weeks old. Analysis of the partial VP7 gene sequences was suggestive that the predominant genotype was G1, which was closely related to the prototype Cowden strain. Due to P[5] was the most prevalent of VP4 genotype. This study demonstrated the low prevalence of RVC in Thailand, a virus not previously documented in this country.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of porcine rotavirus C in pigs with gastroenteritis in Thailand, 2011 – 2016

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supansa Tuanthap ◽  
Cherdpong Phupolphan ◽  
Supol Luengyosluechakul ◽  
Usanee Duang-in ◽  
Apiradee Theamboonlers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Single Positive ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cowden Strain ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Swine Herds

Swine are economically important food animals, but highly contagious enteric viruses can affect entire swine herds and contribute significantly to piglet morbidity and mortality. The most frequent viruses associated with pig gastroenteritis have been reported as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and rotavirus. Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in piglets and pigs worldwide, and group A and C types are those that pig herds are mostly affected by. In Thailand, studies on rotavirus group A (RVA) have been reported continuously, whereas information on group C is still limited. In this study, we aimed to identify rotavirus group C (RVC) from the feces and intestinal contents of pigs affected with diarrhea. Seven hundred and sixty-nine samples were collected from swine herds located in difference provinces throughout Thailand. The specimens were tested using virus-specific RT-PCR to detect the gene encoding RVC capsid protein VP7 and VP4. Sequencing analyses showed that 6.6% (51/769) of samples were positive for RVC, one third of which tested as single positive for RVC (34/51). Co-infections with the most frequent enteric viruses, RVA and PEDV were also analyzed. Co-infections of RVA/RVC accounted for 21.6% (11/51) of samples and of PEDV/RVC for 7.8% (4/51) of samples, while three samples (5.9%) tested positive for all three viruses. Infections were not associated with seasonality, since the virus was detected throughout the year. RVC was detected in pigs up to 8 weeks old. Analysis of the partial VP7 gene sequences was suggestive that the predominant genotype was G1, which was closely related to the prototype Cowden strain. Due to P[5] was the most prevalent of VP4 genotype. This study demonstrated the low prevalence of RVC in Thailand, a virus not previously documented in this country.

scholarly journals Porcine rotavirus C in pigs with gastroenteritis on Thai swine farms, 2011–2016

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Supansa Tuanthap ◽  
Cherdpong Phupolphan ◽  
Supol Luengyosluechakul ◽  
Ausanee Duang-in ◽  
Apiradee Theamboonlers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Swine Farms ◽  
Glycoprotein G ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Cowden Strain ◽  
P Type ◽  
Porcine Rotavirus

Swine are economically important food animals, but highly contagious porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and rotavirus can afflict pig herds and contribute significantly to piglet morbidity and mortality. While there have been studies on rotavirus group A (RVA) in Thailand, reports of rotavirus group C (RVC) are limited. Here, we aimed to identify the prevalence of RVC circulating on Thai commercial swine farms. We analyzed 769 feces and intestine mucosal contents of pigs affected with diarrhea between 2011 and 2016 using RT-PCR specific for the PEDV spike (S), rotavirus glycoprotein (G) VP7, and protease-sensitive protein (P) VP4 genes. We found that 6.6% (51/769) of samples tested positive for RVC, of which 11 samples were co-infected with RVA and four samples were co-infected with PEDV. Three samples tested positive for all three viruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP7 gene showed that the most frequent RVC genotype was G1, which grouped with the prototypic RVC Cowden strain. While G6 and G9 were also common, G3 was relatively rare. Analysis of the VP4 gene revealed that the most common P type was P[5], followed by P[4], P[7], and P[1]. In all, there were six G/P combinations (G6P[5], G1P[1], G1P[4], G1P[5], G9P[4], and G9P[7]), of which G6P[5] was the most predominant.

Characterization of the bovine group A rotavirus strain neonatal calf diarrhea virus-Cody (NCDV-Cody).

1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 990-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Lu ◽  
G E Duhamel ◽  
Y Hoshino ◽  
D A Benfield ◽  
E A Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Group A Rotavirus ◽  
Neonatal Calf ◽  
Calf Diarrhea ◽  
Group A ◽  
Neonatal Calf Diarrhea

scholarly journals Characterization of group A streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes): correlation of M-protein and emm-gene type with T-protein agglutination pattern and serum opacity factor

2006 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwight R. Johnson ◽  
Edward L. Kaplan ◽  
Amy VanGheem ◽  
Richard R. Facklam ◽  
Bernard Beall
Keyword(s):  
M Protein ◽  
Supplementary Information ◽  
Group A Streptococci ◽  
University Of Minnesota ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Strain Characterization ◽  
Serum Opacity Factor ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group A

Strain characterization of group A streptococci (GAS) has traditionally been based on serological identification of M protein. Additional tests to determine T-protein serotype and production of streptococcal serum opacity factor (SOF) provide important information both to aid in and to supplement M-protein serotyping. Advances in DNA-sequencing technology in the late twentieth century resulted in the development of a method for determining the M type of GAS from the sequence of the gene encoding M protein, the emm gene. Although emm-sequence typing has largely replaced M typing in many laboratories, information provided by T typing and SOF determination continues to provide valuable supplementary information for strain characterization. A comprehensive summary of the correlation of T pattern and SOF production with M type was last published in 1993, several years before emm typing became widely available. Since then, the ease of M-type identification afforded by emm typing has resulted in an increase in the number of confirmed M/emm types of more than 50 %. However, comprehensive information about T-protein serotype and the correlation of SOF production with these new M/emm types is not widely available. This report presents a comprehensive summary of this information, not only for newly described types, but also updated information for previously described types. This information was extracted from combined records from streptococcal reference laboratories at the University of Minnesota and at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Atlanta. Data from more than 40 000 strains (representing uncomplicated GAS infections, systemic invasive infections and strains associated with non-suppurative sequelae, collected from the US and diverse locations worldwide) were analysed.

scholarly journals Identification and Characterization of a Novel Heme-Associated Cell Surface Protein Made by Streptococcus pyogenes

2002 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 4494-4500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benfang Lei ◽  
Laura M. Smoot ◽  
Heather M. Menning ◽  
Jovanka M. Voyich ◽  
Subbarao V. Kala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Cell Surface Protein ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group A

ABSTRACT Analysis of the genome sequence of a serotype M1 group A Streptococcus (GAS) strain identified a gene encoding a previously undescribed putative cell surface protein. The gene was cloned from a serotype M1 strain, and the recombinant protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. The purified protein was associated with heme in a 1:1 stoichiometry. This streptococcal heme-associated protein, designated Shp, was produced in vitro by GAS, located on the bacterial cell surface, and accessible to specific antibody raised against the purified recombinant protein. Mice inoculated subcutaneously with GAS and humans with invasive infections and pharyngitis caused by GAS seroconverted to Shp, indicating that Shp was produced in vivo. The blood of mice actively immunized with Shp had significantly higher bactericidal activity than the blood of unimmunized mice. The shp gene was cotranscribed with eight contiguous genes, including homologues of an ABC transporter involved in iron uptake in gram-negative bacteria. Our results indicate that Shp is a novel cell surface heme-associated protein.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Rickettsia spp. from Wild Small Mammals in Public Parks and Urban Areas of Bangkok Metropolitan, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Artharee Rungrojn ◽  
Kittipong Chaisiri ◽  
Yossapong Paladsing ◽  
Serge Morand ◽  
Jiraphan Junjhon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Rickettsial Infection ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
Positive Results

Rural areas usually show a higher prevalence of rickettsial infection than urban areas. However, information on the rickettsial infection status in urban settings (e.g., built-up areas and city parks) is still limited, particularly in the Bangkok metropolitan area. In this study, we performed a molecular rickettsial survey of spleen samples of small mammals caught in public parks and built-up areas of Bangkok. Out of 198 samples, the Rattus rattus complex was found to be most prevalent. The amplification of rickettsial gltA fragment gene (338 bp) by nested PCR assay revealed positive results in four samples, yielding a low prevalence of infection of 2.02%. DNA sequencing results confirmed that three samples were matched with Rickettsia typhi, and one was identified as R. felis. It is noteworthy that this is the first report of the occurrence of R. felis DNA in rodents in Southeast Asia.

Electron Microscopic Detection and Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Enteric Viruses

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
G. C. Smith ◽  
R. L. Heberling ◽  
S. S. Kalter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Detection

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.

Phylogeny Characterization of Seb Gene Encoding Enterotoxins in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Raw Milk and Cheese

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (o3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima N. Aziz ◽  
Laith Abdul Hassan Mohammed-Jawad
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Gene Encoding

Food poisoning due to the bacteria is a big global problem in economically and human's health. This problem refers to an illness which is due to infection or the toxin exists in nature and the food that use. Milk is considered a nutritious food because it contains proteins and vitamins. The aim of this study is to detect and phylogeny characterization of staphylococcal enterotoxin B gene (Seb). A total of 200 milk and cheese samples were screened. One hundred ten isolates of Staphylococcus aureus pre-confirmed using selective and differential media with biochemical tests. Genomic DNA was extracted from the isolates and the SEB gene detects using conventional PCR with specific primers. Three staphylococcus aureus isolates were found to be positive for Seb gene using PCR and confirmed by sequencing. Sequence homology showed variety range of identity starting from (100% to 38%). Phylogenetic tree analyses show that samples (6 and 5) are correlated with S. epidermidis. This study discovered that isolates (A6-RLQ and A5-RLQ) are significantly clustered in a group with non- human pathogen Staphylococcus agnetis.

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