Gait Changes with the Use of Heelys

2009 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
Nathan Norem ◽  
Catherine Feuerstein ◽  
Vincent Traverso ◽  
Nancy Zomaya ◽  
Ryan Crews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
System A ◽  
The Subject

Heelys shoes are a novel athletic shoe with a concealed wheel. They have been popular among youths since their introduction in 2000. This case study serves as a first look into the biomechanical implications of Heelys shoes on gait. Pressure readings of the forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot during ambulation in regular athletic-shoe walking, Heelys without the wheel walking, Heelys with the wheel walking, and Heelys skating with the wheel were recorded on a single subject using the Pedar X System. A visual gait analysis was also performed on the subject. The resulting data show increased forefoot and rearfoot pressure while walking with the Heelys with the wheel. The visual gait analysis showed a diminished heel strike and a more rapid forefoot loading. These results demonstrate that Heelys do in fact affect the biomechanics of gait. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 99(3): 247–250, 2009)

scholarly journals Analysis of aeronautical information potential incompatibility – case study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-82
Author(s):  
Ewa Dudek ◽  
Michał Kozłowski
Keyword(s):  
Information Quality ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
System A ◽  
Fundamental Part ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Information Chain ◽  
Telematics System

Abstract This article is a continuation of the authors’ study on the ways to ensure the quality and safety of aeronautical data and information. In its content the Integrated Aeronautical Information Package was presented and its fundamental part AIP Poland was described. In addition, the docking guidance system A-VDGS, being an example of implementation of telematics system in air transport, was discussed as well as its requirements and schematic representation were attached. In the following part of the publication an analysis of AIP Poland in terms of the mentioned aircrafts’ docking systems was performed and a discrepancy between the requirements published in ICAO Annex 14 and published information for aerodrome EPWA was noticed. The indicated case of published incompatibility confirms the necessity to develop and implement a complex method of aeronautical data and information quality assurance at all stages of aeronautical data and information chain, which will be the subject of authors’ further study.

scholarly journals The Use of a Park and Ride System—A Case Study Based on the City of Cracow (Poland)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Macioszek ◽  
Agata Kurek
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
City Center ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Park And Ride ◽  
System A ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The City

The park and ride (P&R) parking type is usually located near peripheral public transport stops. These parking places are dedicated to people who, after leaving their vehicle in the parking, continue their journey to the city center using some form of public transport such as bus, metro, rail or tram systems. This article aims to examine the features associated with P&R parking locations in use in Cracow (Poland). The analysis included the number of entries and exits to and from parking during particular periods of the day, week and year, parking time of vehicles, and parking space use. A parking peak hour factor was also calculated, which expresses the crowding degree of vehicle entries/exits in/out parking during a particular period. In addition, the paper presents an analysis of factors determining users to P&R parking use. In the modeling process, logit models were used, which, as stated after analyzing the literature on the subject, were already used in various countries around the world to describe the behavior of P&R parking users. However, so far, such research relating to Polish conditions has been not published in the available literature. The obtained results allowed to state that the most important factors determining the likelihood of using P&R parking in Cracow are age, number of years having a driving license, monthly income (gross), and an average number of trips made during a day. Other variables, which not included in the study, can influence the P&R parking use. However, the presented results are the basis for conducting furtherer, more in-depth analyses based on a larger number of independent variables that may determine the P&R parking use.

North Korea’s emerging martial arts tourism: a Taekwon-Do case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Jan Cynarski ◽  
John Arthur Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Martial Arts ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Black Belt ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Standard Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
The Subject

Purpose This descriptive, non-experiment case study addresses the little-studied topic of martial arts tourism within the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK; i.e., North Korea) to determine if it is a form of non-entertainment tourism. Design/methodology/approach The current research focusses on a single subject (Singaporean female; 36 years of age (at time of interview); Taekwon-Do 4th degree black belt) who travelled to the DPRK three times to practice the Korean martial art Taekwon-Do. After the initial contact, a questionnaire was used and direct interviews via Skype and Facebook were performed. A broad thematic discourse, as well as analysis of the subject’s travel and practice notes and photographs from her stay in the DPRK, were also incorporated into the findings. Findings The subject developed new Taekwon-Do skills, which permitted her to obtain higher Taekwon-Do ranks as well as enriched her personality and changed certain conceptions. Self-realization and self-improvement through martial arts are the dominant motives of martial arts tourism. Therefore, the subject’s motivation confirms martial arts tourism can be a variation of non-entertainment tourism. Research limitations/implications This research is hindered by the standard case study limitations: it is difficult to generalize this study’s results to the wider DPRK population, the interviewee’s and researchers’ subjective feelings may have influenced the findings, and selection bias is definitely a factor because of the study’s population being a single female of non-DPRK origin. Originality/value As one of the first studies on DPRK martial arts tourism and practice, this research examines where research on the DPRK and martial arts tourism intersect. It is thusly unique in providing new insights into the DPRK’s intention for its tourism industry, as well as Taekwon-Do, arguably its most marketable cultural asset.

Consciousness Streaming: A Single-Subject Within Session Analysis of Therapeutically Relevant Verbalizations

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-310
Author(s):  
Steven A. Szykula ◽  
Laura Czajkowski ◽  
Julia A. Laylander ◽  
Thomas V. Sayger
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Experimental Demonstration ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
The Subject

A case study is presented that exposes the psychotherapy technique of “consciousness streaming” to an empirical analysis of its potency. This technique is proposed to be one way of reducing “resistance” (as defined herein) of some clients. The subject was an adult female with a diagnosis of major depression and borderline personality disorder. Applied behavioral analyses of her in-therapy, verbal responses to consciousness streaming and therapeutic interviewing are compared. The data indicated that the consciousness streaming technique was superior to therapeutic interviewing in producing higher purity ratios (as opposed to frequency) of therapeutically relevant client verbalizations. A discussion on the utility of this experimental demonstration is presented, and suggestions are offered for future research and clinical application.

Possible Learned Detection of Exogenous Brain Frequency Electromagnetic Fields: A Case Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Persinger ◽  
K. Makarec
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Field Pattern ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
The Subject

Zener card representations were presented visually for 15 sec. every 30 sec. for a total of 40 trials per session over 17 sessions to a single subject who displayed temporal lobe lability. During the 15 sec. before the presentation of one of the symbols (target) either a specific 4-Hz magnetic field pattern or a 1-Hz or 7-Hz magnetic field was presented bilaterally at the level of the temporal lobes. Field strengths were in the order of milligauss (about 1000X background values). The subject was required to anticipate the next symbol for each trial. Only when the 4-Hz field preceded the target symbol did the subject's accuracy of guessing remain systematically above (50%) chance (20%) over the sessions. These results suggest that exogenous magnetic fields may become discriminative stimuli through temporal association. Evidence of habituation was also obtained.

A Clinical Gait Analysis System

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm Ellis ◽  
Adrian Howe
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Telemetry System ◽  
System A ◽  
Normal Gait ◽  
Laboratory Facilities ◽  
Contact Data ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Clinical Gait Analysis

A gait analysis system has been devised that is not only relatively inexpensive, but is also quick to use, requires no expertise to run, and does not need any special laboratory facilities. The system monitors the subject's knee and hip movements during ambulation using electro-goniometers. Foot contact data are obtained using lightweight, flexible, foot switches. The data are sent to a computer via an eight channel telemetry system carried by the subject on a waist belt. The software is designed to simplify analysis and be ‘user friendly’. After a simple calibration routine, the system prompts the operator to ask the subject to walk a number of steps. The computer ignores the initial steps taken as these are not typical of normal gait. It then collects data from the consequent steps, averages the data and then displays them in both graphical and numerical form. A patient can be tested and a printout provided for insertion in the patient's notes within ten minutes. Only one hours training is required to learn to operate the system. A patient can be tested in a physiotherapy department, corridor, or in any area where a few consecutive steps can be taken.

Using Single Subject Methodology To Improve Decision-Making in Stuttering Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Sheryl R. Gottwald ◽  
Bryan Ness
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Fluent Speech ◽  
The Subject

With the proliferation of evidence-based practice and the need to quantify therapy effects, it is imperative for speech-language pathologists to adapt a systematic approach when planning therapy. In this tutorial, we describe a 5-step decision making sequence that permitted us to systematically assess our clinical assumptions about the most effective treatments for eliciting perceptually fluent speech for a client with Down syndrome. We used single subject methodology to compare the effects of 3 intervention protocols—scripting, pacing board, and intonation training—on the fluency of an adult client with Down syndrome. This case study demonstrated that scripting allowed the subject to produce the largest number of normally fluent sentences with the least amount of clinician prompting.

Balance Retraining in a Hemiparetic Patient Using Center of Gravity Biofeedback: A Single-Case Study

1998 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger W. Simmons ◽  
Kristin Smith ◽  
Eytan Erez ◽  
James P. Burke ◽  
Robert E. Pozos
Keyword(s):  
Balance Control ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Sensory Organization Test ◽  
Ground Support ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
Sensory Organization ◽  
The Subject

A single-subject experimental design was used to evaluate the effects of center of gravity biofeedback on retraining balance control in a 72-yr.-old male hemiparetic patient. For both assessment and training the subject stood on dual force-plates enclosed on three sides by a visual surround. A 4-wk. training period consisted of subject-initiated shifts in body weight to control movement of a real-time computer display of the subject's center of gravity. A Sensory Organization Test and evaluation of weight distribution indicated that biofeedback retraining positively affected balance control during dynamic conditions and when the ground support moved forward.

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