Using Single Subject Methodology To Improve Decision-Making in Stuttering Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Sheryl R. Gottwald ◽  
Bryan Ness
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Fluent Speech ◽  
The Subject

With the proliferation of evidence-based practice and the need to quantify therapy effects, it is imperative for speech-language pathologists to adapt a systematic approach when planning therapy. In this tutorial, we describe a 5-step decision making sequence that permitted us to systematically assess our clinical assumptions about the most effective treatments for eliciting perceptually fluent speech for a client with Down syndrome. We used single subject methodology to compare the effects of 3 intervention protocols—scripting, pacing board, and intonation training—on the fluency of an adult client with Down syndrome. This case study demonstrated that scripting allowed the subject to produce the largest number of normally fluent sentences with the least amount of clinician prompting.

Evidence-Based Practice in Schools

2003 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Meline ◽  
Teri Paradiso
Keyword(s):  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Work Settings ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Step Model

This article examines the clinician/researcher relationship, suggests directions for improving the relationship, and discusses avenues for transferring information from research to clinical practice. An eight-step model for transferring research studies to practice is adopted, and three of the eight steps are targeted for discussion and illustration. To illustrate the use and interpretation of effect size measures for practical significance, as well as the transfer of research results to practice (evidence-based practice [EBP]), a case study from the contemporary literature is presented. Speech-language pathologists in schools and other work settings were surveyed to evaluate barriers to EBP. The survey suggested several possible barriers to EBP. For example, the speech-language pathologists surveyed agreed that there is not enough time on the job for research and other EBP activities. Collaborations between clinicians and researchers are recommended as a good avenue for applied research. The methods illustrated for critically evaluating research are useful for engaging EBPs. Further, clinicians in schools are encouraged to adopt EBPs with active involvement in research collaboration whenever possible.

Evidence-Based Practice Among Speech-Language Pathologists

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Zipoli ◽  
Marianne Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Practice Guidelines ◽  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Positive Attitudes

A total of 240 speech-language pathologists responded to a questionnaire examining attitudes toward and use of research and evidence-based practice (EBP). Perceived barriers to EBP were also explored. Positive attitudes toward research and EBP were reported. Attitudes were predicted by exposure to research and EBP practice during graduate training and the clinical fellowship year (CFY). Clinical experience and opinions of colleagues were used to guide decision making more frequently than research studies or clinical practice guidelines. Only exposure to research and EBP during the CFY predicted use of evidence-based resources. Respondents reported a decline in exposure to research and EBP as they moved from graduate training into the CFY. A lack of time was perceived as a barrier to EBP.

What Does Evidence-Based Practice Mean to You? A Follow-Up Study Examining School-Based Speech-Language Pathologists' Perspectives on Evidence-Based Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 688-704
Author(s):  
Katrina Fulcher-Rood ◽  
Anny Castilla-Earls ◽  
Jeff Higginbotham
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Research Evidence ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
School Based ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Ebp Implementation

Purpose The current investigation is a follow-up from a previous study examining child language diagnostic decision making in school-based speech-language pathologists (SLPs). The purpose of this study was to examine the SLPs' perspectives regarding the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in their clinical work. Method Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 25 school-based SLPs who previously participated in an earlier study by Fulcher-Rood et al. 2018). SLPs were asked questions regarding their definition of EBP, the value of research evidence, contexts in which they implement scientific literature in clinical practice, and the barriers to implementing EBP. Results SLPs' definitions of EBP differed from current definitions, in that SLPs only included the use of research findings. SLPs seem to discuss EBP as it relates to treatment and not assessment. Reported barriers to EBP implementation were insufficient time, limited funding, and restrictions from their employment setting. SLPs found it difficult to translate research findings to clinical practice. SLPs implemented external research evidence when they did not have enough clinical expertise regarding a specific client or when they needed scientific evidence to support a strategy they used. Conclusions SLPs appear to use EBP for specific reasons and not for every clinical decision they make. In addition, SLPs rely on EBP for treatment decisions and not for assessment decisions. Educational systems potentially present other challenges that need to be considered for EBP implementation. Considerations for implementation science and the research-to-practice gap are discussed.

Debates in Dysphagia Management: How Do You Use Evidence-Based Practice in Your Dysphagia Patient Care?

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 121-123
Author(s):  
Jeri A. Logemann
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Do So

Evidence-based practice requires astute clinicians to blend our best clinical judgment with the best available external evidence and the patient's own values and expectations. Sometimes, we value one more than another during clinical decision-making, though it is never wise to do so, and sometimes other factors that we are unaware of produce unanticipated clinical outcomes. Sometimes, we feel very strongly about one clinical method or another, and hopefully that belief is founded in evidence. Some beliefs, however, are not founded in evidence. The sound use of evidence is the best way to navigate the debates within our field of practice.

Practice-Based Evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 389-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Eppley ◽  
Patrick Shannon
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Education Policy ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Reading Education ◽  
Academic Literacies ◽  
Equitable Distribution ◽  
Half Century

We have two goals for this article: to question the efficacy of evidence-based practice as the foundation of reading education policy and to propose practice-based evidence as a viable, more socially just alternative. In order to reach these goals, we describe the limits of reading policies of the last half century and argue for the possibilities of policies aimed at more equitable distribution of academic literacies among all social groups, recognition of subaltern groups’ literacies, and representation of the local in regional and global decision making.

scholarly journals Apprehensions of nurse managers on evidence-based practice

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Carolina Camargo ◽  
Mayla Borges Goulart ◽  
Helena Hemiko Iwamoto ◽  
Maria Rizoneide Negreiros de Araújo ◽  
Divanice Contim
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Nurse Managers ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Semantic Categories ◽  
Timely Access ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Textual Records

Abstract Objective: To analyze the apprehensions of nurse managers in the implementation of the Evidence Based Practice in a Teaching Hospital of Triângulo Mineiro. Method: Qualitative research guided by the Theory of the Diffusion of Innovations. Five workshops were conducted per focal group (n = 18 participants), conducted by hermeneutic-dialectic interactions between August and September/2016. Textual records resulting from each workshop were analyzed by semantic categories. Results: Aspects conditioning to the implementation of the Evidence Based Practice permeate from elements related to the fragmentation of the care network to the necessary expansion of the governability of the nurse managers to put changes into practice in their sectors. Most importantly, timely access to the results of research conducted at the teaching hospital was mentioned as crucial to guide better practices. Final considerations: The approach allowed the recognition of contextual conditions for the implementation of the Evidence-Based Practice, which may coincide with similar scenarios, as well as increase the national scientific production on the subject, which is still scarce.

scholarly journals The PICO strategy for the research question construction and evidence search

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 508-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Mamédio da Costa Santos ◽  
Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos Pimenta ◽  
Moacyr Roberto Cuce Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Review Of The Literature

Evidence based practice is the use of the best scientific evidence to support the clinical decision making. The identification of the best evidence requires the construction of an appropriate research question and review of the literature. This article describes the use of the PICO strategy for the construction of the research question and bibliographical search.

scholarly journals Mapping Psychological & Sociological Influences on Individual Decision Making and Brand Choices

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 104-110
Author(s):  
Ray Titus ◽  
Bhavika Veeramachaneni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Case ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Personality Tests ◽  
Mba Program ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Consumption Decision ◽  
Depth Interviews

Understanding and responding to the quintessential customer is the only way marketers will survive high density competition in the market place. Giving the consumer what he needs, when he needs it and where he needs it is the key to smart marketing. Providing consumer solutions in turn require marketers to know their target consumers’ psyche and the sociological influences that bear down on them. This research study uses multiple qualitative tools like personality tests, perception tests, in depth interviews and projective techniques to understand the psyche, social cultural environment and the decision making framework of an individual research subject. The subject chosen for the single individual case study was a student at an MBA program in the metropolitan city of Bangalore. He is in his mid-20s looking to move on to a corporate job after the completion of graduate business program. The research primarily focussed on understanding the influences his social circumstances and his personal psyche had on consumption decision making.

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