scholarly journals An unexpected noncarpellate epigynous flower from the Jurassic of China

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Jose Bienvenido Diez ◽  
Mike Pole ◽  
Manuel García Ávila ◽  
Zhong-Jian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The South ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Origin Of Angiosperms

The origin of angiosperms has been a long-standing botanical debate. The great diversity of angiosperms in the Early Cretaceous makes the Jurassic a promising period in which to anticipate the origins of the angiosperms. Here, based on observations of 264 specimens of 198 individual flowers preserved on 34 slabs in various states and orientations, from the South Xiangshan Formation (Early Jurassic) of China, we describe a fossil flower, Nanjinganthus dendrostyla gen. et sp. nov.. The large number of specimens and various preservations allow for an evidence-based reconstruction of the flower. From the evidence of the combination of an invaginated receptacle and ovarian roof, we infer that the seeds of Nanjinganthus were completely enclosed. Evidence of an actinomorphic flower with a dendroid style, cup-form receptacle, and angiospermy, is consistent with Nanjinganthus being a bona fide angiosperm from the Jurassic, an inference that we hope will re-invigorate research into angiosperm origins.

scholarly journals Nanjinganthus: An Unexpected Flower from the Jurassic of China

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Fu ◽  
José Bienvenido Diez ◽  
Mike Pole ◽  
Manuel García-Ávila ◽  
Zhong-Jian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
The South ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Origin Of Angiosperms

AbstractThe origin of angiosperms has been the focus of intensive botanical debate for well over a century. The great diversity of angiosperms in the Early Cretaceous makes the Jurassic rather expected to elucidate the origin of angiosperm. Former reports of early angiosperms are frequently based on a single specimen, making many conclusions tentative. Here, based on observations of 284 individual flowers preserved on 28 slabs in various states and orientations, we describe a fossil flower, Nanjinganthus dendrostyla gen. et sp. nov., from the South Xiangshan Formation (Early Jurassic) of China. The large number of specimens and various preservations allows us to give an evidenced interpretation of the flower. The complete enclosure of ovules in Nanjinganthus is fulfilled by a combination of an invaginated and ovarian roof. Characterized by its actinomorphic flower with a dendroid style, cup-form receptacle, and angio-ovuly, Nanjinganthus is a bona fide angiosperm from the Jurassic. Nanjinganthus re-confirms the existence of Jurassic angiosperms and provides first-hand raw data for new analyses on the origin and history of angiosperms.

Mesozoic Tectonic Setting of SE Sundaland After Magmatism and Suture Evidences in JS-1 Ridge Area

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Tectonic Setting ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
The South ◽  
Magmatic Arc ◽  
Plate Convergence ◽  
Ridge Area ◽  
Cretaceous Subduction

Mesozoic plate convergence in SE Sundaland has been a source of debate for decades. A determination of plate convergence boundaries and timing have been explained in many publications, but not all boundaries were associated with magmatism. Through integration of both plate configurations and magmatic deposits, the basement can be accurately characterized over time and areal extents. This paper will discuss Cretaceous subductions and magmatic arc trends in SE Sundaland area with additional evidence found in JS-1 Ridge. At least three subduction trends are captured during the Mesozoic in the study area: 1) Early Jurassic – Early Cretaceous trend of Meratus, 2) Early Cretaceous trend of Bantimala and 3) Late Cretaceous trend in the southernmost study area. The Early Jurassic – Early Cretaceous subduction occurred along the South and East boundary of Sundaland (SW Borneo terrane) and passes through the Meratus area. The Early Cretaceous subduction occurred along South and East boundary of Sundaland (SW Borneo and Paternoster terranes) and pass through the Bantimala area. The Late Cretaceous subduction occurred along South and East boundary of Sundaland (SW Borneo, Paternoster and SE Java – South Sulawesi terranes), but is slightly shifted to the South approaching the Oligocene – Recent subduction zone. Magmatic arc trends can also be generally grouped into three periods, with each period corresponds to the subduction processes at the time. The first magmatic arc (Early Jurassic – Early Cretaceous) is present in core of SW Borneo terrane and partly produces the Schwaner Magmatism. The second Cretaceous magmatic arc (Early Cretaceous) trend is present in the SW Borneo terrane but is slightly shifted southeastward It is responsible for magmatism in North Java offshore, northern JS-1 Ridge and Meratus areas. The third magmatic arc trend is formed by Late Cretaceous volcanic rocks in Luk Ulo, the southern JS-1 Ridge and the eastern Makassar Strait areas. These all occur during the same time within the Cretaceous magmatic arc. Though a mélange rock sample has not been found in JS-1 Ridge area, there is evidence of an accretionary prism in the area as evidenced by the geometry observed on a new 3D seismic dataset. Based on the structural trend of Meratus (NNE-SSW) coupled with the regional plate boundary understanding, this suggests that both Meratus & JS-1 Ridge are part of the same suture zone between SW Borneo and Paternoster terranes. The gradual age transition observed in the JS-1 Ridge area suggests a southward shift of the magmatic arc during Early Cretaceous to Late Cretaceous times.

scholarly journals Impact of Implementing Evidence-Based Acute Stroke Interventions on Survival: The South London Stroke Register

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. e61581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliet Addo ◽  
Siobhan Crichton ◽  
Ajay Bhalla ◽  
Anthony G. Rudd ◽  
Charles D. A. Wolfe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The South ◽  
Stroke Register

The Currently Earliest Angiosperm Fruit from the Jurassic of North America

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Early Evolution ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Group ◽  
Ecological Radiation ◽  
Origin Of Angiosperms ◽  
Crucial Test

Angiosperms are the single most important plant group in the current ecosystem. However, little is known about the origin and early evolution of angiosperms. Jurassic and earlier traces of angiosperms have been claimed multiple times from Europe and Asia, but reluctance to accept these records remains. To test the truthfulness of these claims, palaeobotanical records from continents other than Europe and Asia constitute a crucial test. Here I document a new angiosperm fruit, Dilcherifructus mexicana gen. et sp. nov, from the Middle Jurassic of Mexico. Its Jurassic age suggests that origin of angiosperms is much earlier than widely accepted, while its occurrence in the North America indicates that angiosperms were already widespread in the Jurassic, although they were still far away from their ecological radiation, which started in the Early Cretaceous.

scholarly journals New insights on the early Mesozoic evolution of multiple tectonic regimes in the northeastern North China Craton from the detrital zircon provenance of sedimentary strata

Solid Earth ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1375-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Ni Wang ◽  
Wen Liang Xu ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xiao Bo Li
Keyword(s):  
North China Craton ◽  
North China ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Orogenic Belt ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Mesozoic

Abstract. To investigate the timing of deposition and provenance of early Mesozoic strata in the northeastern North China Craton (NCC) and to understand the early Mesozoic paleotectonic evolution of the region, we combine stratigraphy, U–Pb zircon geochronology, and Hf isotopic analyses. Early Mesozoic strata include the Early Triassic Heisonggou, Late Triassic Changbai and Xiaoyingzi, and Early Jurassic Yihe formations. Detrital zircons in the Heisonggou Formation yield  ∼ 58 % Neoarchean to Paleoproterozoic ages and  ∼ 42 % Phanerozoic ages and were sourced from areas to the south and north of the basins within the NCC, respectively. This indicates that Early Triassic deposition was controlled primarily by the southward subduction of the Paleo-Asian oceanic plate beneath the NCC and collision between the NCC and the Yangtze Craton (YC). Approximately 88 % of the sediments within the Late Triassic Xiaoyingzi Formation were sourced from the NCC to the south, with the remaining  ∼ 12 % from the Xing'an–Mongolia Orogenic Belt (XMOB) to the north. This implies that Late Triassic deposition was related to the final closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean during the Middle Triassic and the rapid exhumation of the Su–Lu Orogenic Belt between the NCC and YC. In contrast,  ∼ 88 % of sediments within the Early Jurassic Yihe Formation were sourced from the XMOB to the north, with the remaining  ∼ 12 % from the NCC to the south. We therefore infer that rapid uplift of the XMOB and the onset of the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate beneath Eurasia occurred in the Early Jurassic.

Control of Precambrian-to-Paleozoic orogenic trends on along-strike variations in Early Cretaceous continental rifts of the South Atlantic Ocean

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. SH45-SH69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Reuber ◽  
Paul Mann
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
South Atlantic ◽  
Orogenic Belt ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Continental Rifts ◽  
Rift Zones ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles ◽  
Orogenic Belts

The Early Cretaceous (135–130 Ma) continental rupture of Western Gondwana to form the South American and African plates closely paralleled the elongate trends of Precambrian and Paleozoic orogenic belts. These orogenic belts were produced as a result of the Neoproterozoic convergent and strike-slip assembly of Gondwana that redeformed during later, Paleozoic orogenic events. Continued continental rifting led to the formation of conjugate, South Atlantic volcanic passive margins whose widths vary from 55 to 180 km. Along-strike variations in crustal stretching, as measured from deep-penetration seismic reflection profiles, correlate with parallel and oblique orientations of rifts relative to the trend of the orogenic, basement fabric. Where orogenic fabric trends parallel to the north–south South Atlantic rift direction such as in the Dom Feliciano orogenic belt of Uruguay and Brazil and the Kaoko Uruguay/Brazil and Kaoko orogenic belt of Namibia, we observe narrow (55–90 km) rift zones with modest continental beta factors of 2.5–3.5 because smaller amounts of rifting were needed to stretch the weaker and parallel, orogenic, basement fabric. Where the basement fabric trends near-orthogonally to the north–south South Atlantic rift direction such as in the Salado suture of Southern Uruguay and the Damara Belt of Namibia, we observe wider (185–220 km) rift zones with higher beta factors of 4.3–5 because greater amounts of stretching were needed to rupture the orthogonal, orogenic, basement fabric. The rift-oblique Gariep Belt intersects the South Atlantic continental rupture at an intermediate angle (30°) and exhibits a predicted intermediate beta factor of 4.0. A compilation of published beta factors from 36 other rifted margins worldwide supports the same basement-trend-degree of stretching relationship that we have developed — with rift-parallel margins having lower beta factors in a range of 1.3–3.5 and rift-orthogonal or oblique margins having higher beta factors in a range of 4–8.

A new species of the genus Tricholapita nom. nov. and stat. nov. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Eumolpinae) from New Caledonia

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4858 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
JESÚS GÓMEZ-ZURITA ◽  
LEONARDO PLATANIA ◽  
ANABELA CARDOSO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
The South ◽  
Generic Status ◽  
A New Species

Tricholapita Gómez-Zurita and Cardoso nom. nov. is proposed as the replacement name for the leaf beetle taxon Lapita Gómez-Zurita and Cardoso, 2014, nec Bickel, 2002. Moreover, the rank of Tricholapita stat. nov. is elevated from subgenus of Taophila Heller, 1916 to generic status. Phylogenetic evidence based on mtDNA rrnS sequences and diagnostic morphological characters reveals a new species from the south of Grande Terre in New Caledonia, which is described: Tricholapita reidi sp. nov. 

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