scholarly journals Correlation Between Lower And Higher Order Sensory Functions And Fine And Gross Motor Function In Dominant And Non-Dominant Hand Of Patients With Choronic Stroke

2017 ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Mandehgary Najafabadi Mahbubeh ◽  
Azad Akram ◽  
Taghizadeh Ghorban
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Tactile Acuity ◽  
Texture Discrimination ◽  
Tactile Threshold ◽  
Motor Outcomes ◽  
Sensory Functions

Introduction: To investigate the correlation between lower and higher order sensory functions and manual dexterity as well as Identify factors affecting upper extremity motor function(UEMF) in subjects with chronic stroke.Methods: In this correlational study, seventy chronic stroke subjects (48 male and 22 female) by mean age of 56.94 (±12.92) years and mean time after stroke of 3.01 (±2.64) years were selected by simple nonprobability method. Lower order sensory function (i.e., light touch threshold), higher order sensory functions (i.e., tactile acuity, weight and texture discrimination, haptic performance and wrist proprioception) were measured by Weinstein enhanced sensory test, two point discrimination, wrist position sense test, hand active sensation test and haptic object test, respectively. The gross and fine manual dexterity were measured by Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Box and Block Test(BBT) and Purdue Pegboard (PPB) test. The step by step regression model was used to investigate the sensory determinants of motor function.Results: A weak to high significant correlation (r =0.25 to 0.80) was found between sensory predictors and motor outcomes. The regression models explained 19.8%, 30.3% and 52.3% of variancein motor function measures of the PPB, BBT and WMFT, respectively. The tactile threshold (p<0.001) was the most relevant predictor in all stepwise models for all motor outcomes in dominant or non-dominant hand , followed by tactile acuity, haptic performance and wrist proprioception (p< 0.05). The weight and texture discrimination was not included in any outcome models. Conclusion: The results of present study showed that tactile threshold as lowr order sensory function is the most relevant predictor for UEMF in stroke. The results reinforce that rehabilitation interventions focused on tactile threshold may be best able to impact UEMF in stroke subjects. 

scholarly journals Correlation Between Lower And Higher Order Sensory Functions And Fine And Gross Motor Function In Dominant And Non-Dominant Hand Of Patients With Choronic Stroke

2017 ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Mandehgary Najafabadi Mahbubeh ◽  
Azad Akram ◽  
Taghizadeh Ghorban
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Tactile Acuity ◽  
Texture Discrimination ◽  
Tactile Threshold ◽  
Motor Outcomes ◽  
Sensory Functions

Introduction: To investigate the correlation between lower and higher order sensory functions and manual dexterity as well as Identify factors affecting upper extremity motor function(UEMF) in subjects with chronic stroke.Methods: In this correlational study, seventy chronic stroke subjects (48 male and 22 female) by mean age of 56.94 (±12.92) years and mean time after stroke of 3.01 (±2.64) years were selected by simple nonprobability method. Lower order sensory function (i.e., light touch threshold), higher order sensory functions (i.e., tactile acuity, weight and texture discrimination, haptic performance and wrist proprioception) were measured by Weinstein enhanced sensory test, two point discrimination, wrist position sense test, hand active sensation test and haptic object test, respectively. The gross and fine manual dexterity were measured by Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Box and Block Test(BBT) and Purdue Pegboard (PPB) test. The step by step regression model was used to investigate the sensory determinants of motor function.Results: A weak to high significant correlation (r =0.25 to 0.80) was found between sensory predictors and motor outcomes. The regression models explained 19.8%, 30.3% and 52.3% of variancein motor function measures of the PPB, BBT and WMFT, respectively. The tactile threshold (p<0.001) was the most relevant predictor in all stepwise models for all motor outcomes in dominant or non-dominant hand , followed by tactile acuity, haptic performance and wrist proprioception (p< 0.05). The weight and texture discrimination was not included in any outcome models.Conclusion: The results of present study showed that tactile threshold as lowr order sensory function is the most relevant predictor for UEMF in stroke. The results reinforce that rehabilitation interventions focused on tactile threshold may be best able to impact UEMF in stroke subjects.  

Dexterity and Finger Sense: A Possible Dissociation in Children With Cerebral Palsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolwenn Guedin ◽  
Joel Fluss ◽  
Catherine Thevenot
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Motor Abilities ◽  
Finger Dexterity ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Spastic Hemiplegia ◽  
Motor Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship

Both hand and finger sensory perception and motor abilities are essential for the development of skilled gestures and efficient bimanual coordination. While finger dexterity and finger sensory perception can be impaired in children with cerebral palsy (CP), the relationship between these two functions in this population is not clearly established. The common assumption that CP children with better sensory function also demonstrate better motor outcomes has been recently challenged. To study these questions further, we assessed both finger dexterity and finger gnosia, the ability to perceive one’s own fingers by touch, in groups of 11 children with unilateral (i.e., hemiplegic CP) and 11 children with bilateral spastic CP (i.e., diplegic CP) and compared them with typical children. In our sample, children with hemiplegia exhibited finger dexterity deficit in both hands and finger gnosia deficit only in their paretic hand. In contrast, children with diplegia exhibited finger gnosia deficits in both hands and finger dexterity deficit only in their dominant hand. Thus, our results indicated that children with spastic hemiplegia and diplegia present different sensory and motor profiles and suggest that these two subgroups of CP should be considered separately in future experimental and clinical research. We discuss the implications of our results for rehabilitation.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Laterality and Handedness With the Higher Order Sensory Functions and Manual Dexterity of the Elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-376
Author(s):  
Akram Azad ◽  
Ghorban Taghizadeh ◽  
Hamze Ghorbanpoor ◽  
Laleh Lajevardi ◽  
Majid Farhadian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Sensory Functions

scholarly journals Corticospinal Tract Wiring and Brain Lesion Characteristics in Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: Determinants of Upper Limb Motor and Sensory Function

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Simon-Martinez ◽  
Ellen Jaspers ◽  
Lisa Mailleux ◽  
Els Ortibus ◽  
Katrijn Klingels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Corticospinal Tract ◽  
Brain Lesion ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Lesion Location ◽  
Unilateral Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Sensory Functions

Brain lesion characteristics (timing, location, and extent) and the type of corticospinal tract (CST) wiring have been proposed as determinants of upper limb (UL) motor function in unilateral cerebral palsy (uCP), yet an investigation of the relative combined impact of these factors on both motor and sensory functions is still lacking. Here, we first investigated whether structural brain lesion characteristics could predict the underlying CST wiring and we explored the role of CST wiring and brain lesion characteristics to predict UL motor and sensory functions in uCP. Fifty-two participants with uCP (mean age (SD): 11 y and 3 m (3 y and 10 m)) underwent a single-pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation session to determine CST wiring between the motor cortex and the more affected hand (n=17 contralateral, n=19 ipsilateral, and n=16 bilateral) and an MRI to determine lesion timing (n=34 periventricular (PV) lesion, n=18 corticosubcortical (CSC) lesion), location, and extent. Lesion location and extent were evaluated with a semiquantitative scale. A standardized protocol included UL motor (grip strength, unimanual capacity, and bimanual performance) and sensory measures. A combination of lesion locations (damage to the PLIC and frontal lobe) significantly contributed to differentiate between the CST wiring groups, reclassifying the participants in their original group with 57% of accuracy. Motor and sensory functions were influenced by each of the investigated neurological factors. However, multiple regression analyses showed that motor function was predicted by the CST wiring (more preserved in individuals with contralateral CST (p<0.01)), lesion extent, and damage to the basal ganglia and thalamus. Sensory function was predicted by the combination of a large and later lesion and an ipsilateral or bilateral CST wiring, which led to increased sensory deficits (p<0.05). These novel insights contribute to a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of UL function and may be useful to delineate individualized treatment strategies.

scholarly journals Improvement in Fine Manual Dexterity in Children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 2 after Nusinersen Injection: A Case Series

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1039
Author(s):  
Minsu Gu ◽  
Hyun-Ho Kong
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Manual Dexterity ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type ◽  
Gross Motor Function

Although nusinersen has been demonstrated to improve motor function in patients with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), no studies have investigated its effect on fine manual dexterity. The present study aimed to investigate the ability of nusinersen to improve fine manual dexterity in patients with SMA type 2. A total of five patients with SMA type 2 were included. The Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale (expanded version) (HFMSE) and Purdue Pegboard (PP) tests were used to evaluate gross motor function and fine manual dexterity, respectively, until 18 months after nusinersen administration. HFMSE scores improved by 3–10 points (+13–53%) in all patients following nusinersen administration. PP scores also improved in all patients, from 4 to 9 points (+80–225%) in the preferred hand and from 3 to 7 points (+60–500%) in the non-preferred hand. These results suggest that nusinersen treatment improved both gross motor function and fine manual dexterity in children with SMA type 2. Addition of the PP test may aid in evaluating the fine manual dexterity essential for activities of daily living in these patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of epidural anesthesia with chloroprocaine and lidocaine for outpatient knee arthroscopy

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 230949901986553
Author(s):  
Zhengchao Yang ◽  
Dezhan Li ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Man Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Function ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Motor Block ◽  
Knee Arthroscopy ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Peak Effect ◽  
Epidural Block ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Lidocaine Group ◽  
Block Level

This study aimed to compare clinical efficacy and safety of chloroprocaine and lidocaine in epidural anesthesia for outpatient knee arthroscopy. Eighty patients undergoing knee arthroscopy were randomly allocated to receive 3% 2-chloroprocaine (group C, n = 40) or 2% lidocaine (group L, n = 40) for epidural block. Latency to anesthesia onset, highest block level, time to achieve peak effect, time to complete sensory and motor block regression, vital signs including respiration and hemodynamics, and complications during follow-up were recorded. No significant differences were found in the latency to anesthesia onset and peak effect, duration of anesthesia efficacy, and the time for recovery of sensory function between the two groups. However, the latency to maximal block of pain sensation and the time needed to recover motor function were significantly shorter in group C than in group L ( p < 0.05). No adverse effects or neurologic complications were found in both groups. In conclusion, epidural chloroprocaine elicits rapid anesthetic effects, fast sensor and motor block, and faster recovery of motor function compared to lidocaine. These characteristics make chloroprocaine better than lidocaine as the choice of epidural anesthesia in short clinical operations such as knee arthroscopy.

Cilia Not Only Move, but also Have Taste!

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Carmichael
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Machines ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Mechanical Activity ◽  
Sensory Receptors ◽  
Pulmonary Infections ◽  
Immotile Cilia ◽  
Specific Direction ◽  
Motile Cilia ◽  
First Time ◽  
Sensory Functions

Motile cilia are organelles that contain amazing molecular machines that bend each cilium in a rhythmic and coordinated movement. This allows a liquid film, perhaps with particles embedded within, to move in a specific direction. The classic example is the cilia of the respiratory passages that move a layer of debris-carrying mucus out of the lungs. When this mechanism is not working properly, recurrent pulmonary infections result. The classic example of this is immotile cilia syndrome that results in chronic bronchitis and related problems. However, no sensory function has been assigned to these classic motile cilia until now (although nodal cilia have both mechanical activity and sensory functions). Alok Shah, Yehuda Ben-Shahar, Thomas Moninger, Joel Kline, and Michael Welsh have demonstrated sensory receptors on motile cilia for the first time.

Review and Perspective: Sensory Feedback in Upper Limb Prosthesis

2013 ◽  
Vol 303-306 ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Qi Xu ◽  
Ji Ping He
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Sensory Feedback ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Tactile Sensation ◽  
Tactile Receptors ◽  
Upper Limb Prosthesis ◽  
Human Upper Limb ◽  
Limb Prosthesis ◽  
Sensory Functions

An emerging challenge in developing intelligent prostheses is to replicate or recreate the sensory functions of natural limbs for amputees. Such functions mainly include tactile sensation and proprioception. This paper reviews the tactile receptors and proprioceptors in human upper limb, the artificial sensors in upper limb prosthesis, and the sensory feedback technology used for reconstruction of lost sensory function in the amputee’s upper limb.

Clinical Results of Contralateral C7 Root Neurotization to the Median Nerve in Brachial Plexus Injuries with Total Root Avulsions

1999 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. WAIKAKUL ◽  
S. ORAPIN ◽  
V. VANADURONGWAN
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Elbow Flexion ◽  
Clinical Results ◽  
Suprascapular Nerve ◽  
Nerve Graft ◽  
Sensory Function ◽  
Shoulder Abduction

This prospective study was carried out to assess motor and sensory recovery after contralateral C7 root to median nerve neurotization in brachial plexus injuries with total root avulsions. The survey was carried out from 1993 to 1995 and the patients were followed up for at least 3 years. There were 96 male patients with ages ranging from 13 to 48 years. All had a unilateral brachial plexus injury with avulsion of all roots. This was confirmed by clinical assessment and exploration. The anterior part of the contralateral C7 root was used for neurotization via a reversed pedicular ulnar nerve graft and the proximal end of the graft was connected to the median nerve. Furthermore, phrenic nerve to suprascapular nerve and spinal accessory nerve (via a sural nerve graft) to musculocutaneous nerve neurotizations were also carried out to obtain shoulder abduction and elbow flexion. At the 3 year follow-up, most patients had encouraging recovery of sensory function in the hand but motor function of the forearm and hand muscles was rather poor. Acceptable motor function was found in only 50 to 60% of the patients who were younger than 18 years.

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