RECONFIGURABLE MONOPOLE ANTENNA DESIGN BASED ON FRACTAL STRUCTURE FOR 5G APPLICATIONS

a reconfigurable antenna design for 5G applications is presented. It is based on monopole antenna and fractal structure. The design structure is consisted of (monopole) feedline, ground plane, L-shape reflector, fractal structure and PIN diodes. The antenna is printed on (25×29×1.6 mm3) FR-4 substrate of εr=4.3 and tanδ =0.001. The antenna shows a resonant frequency at 4.1 GHz with S11=-11.4 dB and Omni-direction pattern of 1.21 dB gain. The L-shaped reflector is used to maintain the radiation pattern in a specific direction. Moreover, the proposed fractal structure is found to operate as a circuit to give another resonant frequency and enhance the antenna performance. Where it is used to give more manipulation in the antenna performance including: frequency resonance and radiation patterns. The PIN-diodes are used to give many cases for more current manipulation. moreover, the authors used RF (50 SMA port) between monopole antenna and right side of ground plane to optimize directing radiation pattern and to eliminate the problems of interference between AC and DC current that produced from using PIN diode. This manipulation leads to change the resonant frequency and radiation pattern to the desired direction.So all parts are printed on a single side of FR4 substrate

Development of multi-angle fiber array for accurate measurement of flexion and rotation in human joints

Herein, we have proposed a method that uses a highly stretchable and conductive fiber-based multi-angle fiber array, which precisely measures human joint motion in various degrees of freedom (flexion and rotation) at the shoulders, knees, and wrists in real time. By embedding conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) within spandex fibers of high elasticity and shape recovery ratio, we monitored joint motion stably without degrading the fiber’s conductivity even during repeated stretching and contraction of different lengths. The strain occurring in a specific direction was monitored using mapping images generated due to the change in resistance that occurred when 12 CNT-embedded spandex fibers arranged in radial lines at intervals of 15° were stretched or contracted by an external force. The proposed high-precision joint-monitoring technology measures human motion accurately and is applicable for use in wearable healthcare devices that require precise measurements.

The Problem of Legal Equality in the Georgian Press of 1918-1921

The subject of research in 1918-1921 is the parameters of the functioning of the media during the period of the Independent republic of Georgia and processes that contributed to the creation of a pluralistic media climate in the country and the establishment of liberal-democratic values. One of the manisfestations of this is the issue of human rights and social equality, which we will discuss in a specific direction – in terms of gender.Based on the plurastic media envionment, based on the contextual analysis of relevant sources, archival and newspaper publications, we gave selected and studied the main print media of the leqding, ideologically different political parties of 1918-1921: Socia;-Democratic Worker’s Party newapaper “Unity” (1917-1921). The Federalist Party “People’s Affairs” (1917-1921) and the National Democrats – “Georgia” (1915-1921). We analyzed how adequately, with what visions and journalistic means these media outlets covered the feminist narrative.We focused on publications on the problems of women’s emancipation, as well as women authors, the number of which, althouigh small, they are quite professionally able to properly focus on gender issues and in-depth understanding of women’s social or political issues (N.Nakashidze, M.Toroshelidze, F.Josh and others).The resuklts of the research showed that the party press of 1918-1921, on the one hand, clearly reflected the positive steps taken by the government of the Independent Republic of Georgia at the legislative level to protect human rights and, in particular, the feminist direction. On the other hand, the government’s lack of interest in the problems of woman’s social or legal equality appeared in a negative light.

Experimental Analysis of Mechanical Anisotropy of Selected Roofing Felts

In this work, four representatives of roofing felts are under consideration. Special attention is paid to the mechanical behaviour under the tensile load of the samples. The results of strength tests for the entire range of material work, from the first load to sample breaking, are shown with respect to a specific direction of sample cutting. Moreover, a unique study of the microstructure obtained with the scanning electron microscope and chemical composition determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy of the tested materials is presented. The significant mechanical material anisotropy is reported and moreover argued by microstructure characteristics. In perspective, the outcomes can give comprehensive knowledge on optimal usage of roofing felt and proper mathematical modelling.

Magnetic drive micro/nanomotor model

A model of a micro-/nanomotor with a hydrodynamic mechanism of motion due to the action of a rotating uniform external magnetic field is proposed. Micro-/nanomotor - is a chain of three charged particles, one of which has a magnetic moment. The total charge of the system is zero. In the absence of an external field, the particles are in equilibrium due to the action of the forces of attraction and repulsion, which corresponds to the minimum interaction energy. After applying a rotating magnetic field, a particle with a magnetic moment begins to rotate, forming a flow in the surrounding viscous fluid. The flow induces a hydrodynamic force that moves the chain in a specific direction. The forces of hydrodynamic interaction of particles with each other are taken into account, as well as internal forces holding the particles together. The dynamics of six model aggregates with one rotating particle is simulated numerically. The proposed mechanism for moving the chain can be used in the design of micro-/nanomotors and control them to deliver the payload.

Failure Analysis of Wind Turbine Planetary Gear

The article presents selected problems related to an analysis of damage to wind turbine planetary gear. It is the most vital element installed in wind turbines, affecting the operational costs (prolonged downtime), and costs of repairs and servicing including delivery of required components. The authors have analyzed the wear/failure of planetary gear. The process initiating fatigue wear, different from similar devices in other industries, can be easily observed in wind turbine gear. This establishes a specific direction of research into the causes, and early detection of ‘gas spots’ on gear teeth as they seem to trigger fatigue wear.

Online Handwritten Telugu Character Recognition Using Normalized Differential Chain Code Feature

In Character Recognition, the Feature extraction has encompassed a well-known role. Here, Feature Extraction centered on Chain code (CC) is implemented. CC encodes every stroke with a string of numbers, in which every number signifies a specific direction wherein the subsequent point on the stroke is present. CC centered feature safeguard information and permits reasonable data to decrease. Disparate CC can signify the same shape since the CC is reliant on starting point. So here, Starting Point and rotation invariant feature extraction technique using Normalized Differential Chain Code (NDCC) is proposed. A two-stage classifier is employed for classification. Here, the NDCC feature is utilized in the pre-classifier and pre-processed (x,y) coordinates are used in the post classifier. In both stages K-NN classifier is used. This feature is verified in HP-Lab data that is present in the UNIPEN format. Investigational outcomes proved that the proposed feature enhances recognition accuracy over the selected dataset.

Direct Printed Silver Nanowire Strain Sensor for Early Extravasation Detection

In this study, we presented a wearable sensor patch for the early detection of extravasation by using a simple, direct printing process. Silver nanowire (AgNW) ink was first formulated to provide necessary rheological properties to print patterns on flexible plastic sheets. By adjusting printing parameters, alignments of AgNWs in the printed patterns were controlled to enhance the resistance change under stretching conditions. A resistive strain-sensing device was then fabricated by printing patterned electrodes on a stretchable film for skin attachment. The designed sensor pattern was able to detect forces from a specific direction from the resistance change. Moreover, the sensor showed excellent sensitivity (gauge factor (GF) = 100 at 50% strain) and could be printed in small dimensions. Sensors of millimeter size were printed in an array and were used for multiple detection points in a large area to detect extravasation at small volumes (<0.5 mL) at accurate bump location.

Performance Analysis of SIC based hybrid precoding for multi-user case in 3D scenario

Massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) systems are best suitable for mmWave communications improving throughput and spectral efficiency in 5G. Beamforming is a wireless technique adopted by massive MIMO and used in 4G & 5G to increase the directivity and energy efficiency by focusing the signal in specific direction supporting only single user transmission with one data stream. Precoding is a generalized form of beamforming to support multi-stream transmission in multi-antenna wireless communication, such that combination of analog and digital precoding forms the hybrid precoding which shows good performance with less complexity. Successive Interference Cancelation (SIC) is a technique in which optimization of different antenna arrays will be done one by one such that while optimizing the capacity of specific array contribution of earlier optimized array is removed from the total capacity and precoder of that specific optimizing array will be computed. In this paper we have designed the SIC based hybrid precoding using sub-connected and fully-connected structures for multi-user (MU) case and compared them with the optimal precoding for mmWave massive MIMO systems in a 3D scenario, where both azimuth and elevation angles are taken into account in the channel. The proposed algorithms are simulated in the MATLAB and compared their performance with different parameters and shown that SIC-based scheme is near-optimal for multi-user case.