scholarly journals From Natural to Artificial Selection: A Chaotic Reading of Shelagh Stephenson’s An Experiment with an Air Pump (1998)

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Khalid Ahmad Yas ◽  
Arbaayah Ali Termizi ◽  
Rosli Talif ◽  
Hardev Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Chaos Theory ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Dna Structure ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Nuclear Bomb ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Radical Shift

The paper aims to utilise chaos theory as a methodology and perspective to analyse Shelagh Stephenson’s science drama An Experiment with an Air Pump thematically and structurally. It is highly pertinent to mention here that the discovery of the DNA structure in 1953 by Watson and Crick coincided with the development of a new paradigm shift in science, chaos theory.  The discovery of the DNA structure, on the other hand, led to the birth of the science of genetics which reached its peak in the late 1990s when Human Genome Project was completed. Theatre did not stand aloof from this radical shift. Mapping human genome might lead to appalling ethical dilemmas. Topics related to the cold war and nuclear-bomb were replaced with ones quoted from biology, genetics and cloning. Stephenson’s play brings to light the danger of turning from natural to artificial selection as science, now, has access not only to the DNA structure but also how to manipulate it.  The drama’s extensive debate focuses mainly on the risk of genome-related discrimination.

scholarly journals Molecular Pathology: A Paradigm Shift towards Precision Medicine

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Molecular Pathology ◽  
Human Genome Project ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Early Disease ◽  
P4 Medicine ◽  
Drug Designing

Healthcare system is experiencing a paradigm shift to precision medicine. Genotypic–phenotypic affiliation has been found to be a fundamental percept in biology after the completion of Human Genome project. The first era of precision medicine is now split into groups and subgroups, making it a meaningful strategy concurrently throughout the clinical phases of drug designing and development. It likewise recommends healthcare reshaping that suggests disease perceptivity or remedial treatment. Thus, translational genomics addresses bench to bedside approach to achieve P4 medicine (personalized, predictive, preventive, and participatory), i.e., early disease diagnosis and specifically designed treating plans instead of one size fits all1.

scholarly journals Genomic Interventions in Medicine

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117793221881610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwadurotimi S Aworunse ◽  
Oluwatomiwa Adeniji ◽  
Olusola L Oyesola ◽  
Itunuoluwa Isewon ◽  
Jelili Oyelade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Human Genome ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Biological Function ◽  
Genomic Medicine ◽  
Genome Project ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Human Dna ◽  
The Human Genome Project

Lately, the term “genomics” has become ubiquitous in many scientific articles. It is a rapidly growing aspect of the biomedical sciences that studies the genome. The human genome contains a torrent of information that gives clues about human origin, evolution, biological function, and diseases. In a bid to demystify the workings of the genome, the Human Genome Project (HGP) was initiated in 1990, with the chief goal of sequencing the approximately 3 billion nucleotide base pairs of the human DNA. Since its completion in 2003, the HGP has opened new avenues for the application of genomics in clinical practice. This review attempts to overview some milestone discoveries that paved way for the initiation of the HGP, remarkable revelations from the HGP, and how genomics is influencing a paradigm shift in routine clinical practice. It further highlights the challenges facing the implementation of genomic medicine, particularly in Africa. Possible solutions are also discussed.

scholarly journals New Targeted Therapies and Immunotherapies for Locally Advanced Periocular Malignant Tumours: Towards a New ‘Eye-Sparing’ Paradigm?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2822
Author(s):  
Arnaud Martel ◽  
Sandra Lassalle ◽  
Alexandra Picard-Gauci ◽  
Lauris Gastaud ◽  
Henri Montaudie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Eye Pain ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Orbital Lesions

The management of periocular skin malignant tumours is challenging. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for localised eyelid cancers. For more locally advanced cancers, especially those invading the orbit, orbital exenteration has long been considered the gold standard; however, it is a highly disfiguring and traumatic surgery. The last two decades have been marked by the emergence of a new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies. In the early 2000s, the first step consisted of performing wide conservative eyelid and orbital excisions. Multiple flaps and grafts were needed, as well as adjuvant radiotherapy in selected cases. Although being incredibly attractive, several limitations such as the inability to treat the more posteriorly located orbital lesions, as well as unbearable diplopia, eye pain and even secondary eye loss were identified. Therefore, surgeons should distinguish ‘eye-sparing’ from ‘sight-sparing’ strategies. The second step emerged over the last decade and was based on the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Their advantages include their potential ability to treat almost all tumours, regardless of their locations, without performing complex surgeries. However, several limitations have been reported, including their side effects, the appearance of primary or secondary resistances, their price and the lack of consensus on treatment regimen and exact duration. The aim of this article was to review the evolution of the management of locally advanced periocular malignant tumours over the last three decades and highlight the new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies.

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