eye pain
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2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-641
Author(s):  
I D Chaurasia ◽  
Yogita Chaurasia

To analyse the demographics and presenting features of patients presenting with optic neuritis and papillitis. Clinical profiles of 40 patients presenting with optic neuritis and papillitis at a tertiary care center were collected retrospectively and prospectively. Detailed medical and ophthalmic history was taken especially about mode, duration and course of the disease, drug intake, alcoholism, smoking, pregnancy, lactation, convulsions, pyrexia, history suggestive of TB, syphilis, neurological deficit. A comprehensive ophthalmological and neurological evaluation was done for each patient along with radiological work up. Patients were prospectively followed up for an average of three months. Females in the reproductive age group constituted largest number of the patients (61.8%) in the present series. Maximum patients (70%) were between 20-50 years of age. Vision was found to be affected in all the patients at presentation and most of them presented with vision CF or HM (35.4% and 29.25% respectively) while 4 patients had complete loss of vision. Two third (66.7%) of patients reported eye pain at presentation. Abnormal pupillary reaction was found in most patients with the most common being RAPD on swinging flash light which was seen in 85.4%. Equal percentage (39.5%) of patients presented with Blurred Hyperemic (BH) disc and ophthalmoscopically normal appearing disc. Onset and progression of disease was found to be rapid in most cases ranging from few hours to days. Visual recovery post treatment was found to be good with most eyes achieving vision 6/24 or better. Optic neuritis has varied clinical presentations. Most of our patients were young to middle aged females. The most common presenting features were decrease in vision ranging from slight to profound, eye pain and abnormal pupillary reaction. Morphological abnormalities in appearance of optic disc were also found in two third of cases.Rapid progression was noted in almost all cases. Most of the cases achieved a good outcome at the end of follow up period.


2022 ◽  
pp. 200-221
Author(s):  
Ida Chung

Accommodation disorders are associated with a host of etiologies. Children with accommodative disorders can present with various symptoms including blur, fluctuating vision, eye pain, burning sensation, tired eyes, asthenopia, headaches, fatigue with near work, and excessive rubbing, blinking, or tearing. This chapter provides an overview of accommodation testing on pediatric patients in the clinical setting. The author describes the indications for accommodation testing and provides clinical pearls for testing accommodative function in children. The chapter covers the specific tests, equipment required, and step-by-step procedures for testing accommodative amplitude, accommodative response, and accommodative facility.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 2095-2100
Author(s):  
Shaik Gundikota Javeed Ahammed ◽  
Pradeepkumar Bhupalam ◽  
Hindustan Abdul Ahad ◽  
Haranath Chinthaginjala ◽  
Syed Rahamathulla ◽  
...  

The authors aimed to give a quick reference guide for humanity about the new threat even after the COVID-19 health battle i.e., the Black fungus also baptized as Mucormycosis infection. After recovering from COVID-19, patients with diabetes mellitus and patients who have undergone steroidal treatment are more prone to black fungus infection. This review gives quick information about various types of Mucormycosis infections, risk factors, symptoms, treatment, and prevention of black fungus. The things that can be and cannot be done to eradicate the black fungus. Any sign of black nasal mucosa/sputum, fever, headache, hazy/blurred/double vision with eye pain, loss of one side sensation on face and loss in the sensation while chewing, etc., then it should not be neglected and immediately intimated to the health professionals and get treated. If black fungus is unidentified early stages and untreated in time, the patients may lose their facial/neck parts as a part of cleaning surgery. The study concludes that by maintaining hygienic conditions, health checkups, and doctors’ advice one can fight and eradicate the black fungus.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Giannaccare ◽  
Carla Ghelardini ◽  
Alessandra Mancini ◽  
Vincenzo Scorcia ◽  
Lorenzo Di Cesare Mannelli

Ocular discomfort and eye pain are frequently reported by patients with dry eye disease (DED), and their management remains a real therapeutic challenge for the Ophthalmologist. In DED patients, injury at the level of each structure of the ocular surface can determine variable symptoms, ranging from mild ocular discomfort up to an intolerable pain evoked by innocuous stimuli. In refractory cases, the persistence of this harmful signal is able to evoke a mechanism of maladaptive plasticity of the nervous system that leads to increased pain responsiveness. Peripheral and, subsequently, central sensitization cause nociceptor hyperexcitability and persistent pain perception that can culminate in the paradoxical situation of perceiving eye pain even in the absence of ocular surface abnormalities. Effective therapeutic strategies of these cases are challenging, and new options are desirable. Recently, a theoretical novel therapeutic approach concerns enkephalins thanks to the evidence that eye pain sensations are modulated by endogenous opioid peptides (enkephalins, endorphins and dynorphins). In this regard, new topical agents open up a new theoretical scenario in the treatment of ocular discomfort and eye pain in the setting of DED, such as, for example, a multimolecular complex based on proteins and glycosaminoglycans also containing opiorphin that may assist the physiological pain-relieving mechanism of the eye.


2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangling Chen ◽  
Ying Xiao ◽  
Yu Qian ◽  
Qiurong Lin ◽  
Zhaoyu Xiang ◽  
...  

Purpose: To investigate the incidence and risk factors of dry eye in children with diabetes mellitus (DM) over a period of 3 years.Methods: Children and adolescents with DM (age: 3–14 years) from the Shanghai Children and Adolescent Diabetes Eye (SCADE) study cohort who did not have dry eye in January 2018 were followed-up for 3 years and re-examined in January 2021, and the incidence rate and risk factors for dry eye were calculated.Results: Forty children and adolescents with DM came for follow-up in 2021. Nine of them were diagnosed with dry eye, resulting in a 3-year incidence rate of 22.5% and an annual mean incidence rate of 7.5% for dry eye. Univariate regression analysis confirmed that decreased corneal sensation (OR [Odds Ratio] = 25.60; 95%CI [Confidence Interval] = 1.31~501.69; P = 0.03) was the risk factor for dry eye incidence. Long course of DM (OR = 1.80; 95%CI = 0.96~3.38; P = 0.07), eye pain (OR = 12.27; 95%CI = 0.65~231.48; P = 0.09), and dry eye in parents (OR = 15.99; 95%CI = 0.76~337.75; P = 0.08) may interfere with the incidence of dry eye in them.Conclusions: The incidence of dry eye in children and adolescents with DM is high.


2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (14) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Neal E. Mecum ◽  
Rachel Russell ◽  
Jun Lee ◽  
Cara Sullivan ◽  
Ian D. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  

JAMA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey West ◽  
Sung Kyung Cho ◽  
Cristina Thomas
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-6
Author(s):  
Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan ◽  
M. Tariq Bhatti ◽  
Eric R. Eggenberger ◽  
Marie D. Acierno ◽  
John J. Chen

A 51-year-old White woman sought care for vision loss 1 week after a nonspecific upper respiratory tract infection. She reported pain in both eyes exacerbated by eye movement, which lasted for several days, followed by bilateral vision loss to the level of counting fingers–only vision. Optic neuritis was diagnosed, and she was treated with 1 g intravenous methylprednisolone for 3 days. Her vision improved substantially, and the pain resolved during the corticosteroid treatment. However, 1 week later, she woke up with right eye pain and vision loss. She was again treated with 5 days of intravenous methylprednisolone, with visual improvement nearly back to baseline. Two weeks later, she had recurrence of painful vision loss in both eyes. A diagnosis of chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy was made. Tests for serum angiotensin-converting enzyme, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, antinuclear antibody, Lyme disease, syphilis, tuberculosis, and aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G antibodies were negative. Serum was definitively positive for myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G antibodies at a titer of 1:1,000. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G–associated recurrent optic neuritis was diagnosed. After her diagnosis of recurrent corticosteroid-dependent optic neuritis associated with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G positivity, the patient was treated with 5 days of intravenous methylprednisolone. The eye pain resolved, and her vision returned to normal. At follow-up evaluation, the patient’s visual acuity, color vision, and visual fields were normal in both eyes, but there was mild bilateral optic disc pallor. She has not had recurrent demyelinating episodes while on chronic immunotherapy. Optic neuritis is an inflammatory demyelination of the optic nerve manifesting as acute to subacute vision loss, classically associated with pain with eye movement. The long-term prevention and prognosis depend on the cause of the optic neuritis.


2021 ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Alexis Aiman ◽  
Joy Skaug ◽  
Regina K. Fleming

Eye pain and ringing in the ear are non-specific symptoms commonly evaluated by primary care physicians and specialists alike. The differential diagnosis for these symptoms is broad and includes musculoskeletal, ophthalmologic and neurologic considerations. Careful consideration of the differential diagnosis should include acute, potentially life-threatening pathologies such as glaucoma or intracranial masses, as well as common pathologies, including cervicalgia, headache variants (migraine, tension) and acoustic neuroma. This report describes a patient with eye pain caused by occipital neuralgia and tinnitus. Correcting the somatic dysfunctions found in the head, cervical, thoracic and rib regions with osteopathic manipulative treatment resolved the occipital neuralgia and the tinnitus for this patient. Thus, osteopathic manipulative treatment should be considered for conservative management of occipital neuralgia and tinnitus.


Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1144
Author(s):  
Reda Zemaitiene ◽  
Ieva Pasiskeviciute ◽  
Aiste Varoniukaite ◽  
Pijus Pajeda ◽  
Andrzej Grzybowski ◽  
...  

Background and Objectives: to evaluate whether a set of questions after a routine cataract surgery can predict unexpected findings and avoid an unnecessary follow-up visit. Materials and Methods: single-center, prospective, cohort study included 177 routine cataract surgery cases of two experienced surgeons between November 2019 and December 2020. Inclusion criteria included unremarkable postoperative day one follow-up examination. A set of seven questions regarding complaints with positive or negative answers was presented at the second follow-up visit (PV2)—one week (mean 8.34 ± 1.73 days) after the surgery. The outcome measures were the incidence of unexpected management changes (UMCs) at the PV2 visit (change or addition from a prescribed postoperative drop plan, extra procedures, an urgent referral to an ophthalmologist) and UMCs associations with the answers to a question set. Results: 81.4% of patients had no complaints about postoperative ocular status and answered with negative answers, 18.6% reported one or more complaint (positive answer): dissatisfaction with postoperative visual acuity (6.2%, 11 cases), eye pain (4.0%, 7 cases), increase in floaters after the surgery (4.0%, 7 cases), red eye (4.0%, 7 cases) and others. The prevalence of UMCs at PV2 was 1.7% (3 cases), of which 0.6% (1 case) was the prolonged antibiotic prescription due to conjunctivitis, 0.6% (1 case) was the addition of IOP lowering medication and 0.6% (1 case) was additional medication due to uveitis management. None of the complaints (positive answers) at PV2 were associated with the incidence of UMCs (p > 0.05). Conclusions: there were no associations of UMCs determined with positive answers to the questions. The prediction of UMCs incidence based on the positive answers was not obtained. Thus, we cannot exclude the necessity of a postoperative week one follow-up visit.


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