Appendix A. Breeding and Wintering Habitat Use

AbstractWe investigated sex-related differences in habitat use in wintering American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) at two scales: within a 10 m radius and within a 100 m radius of perch sites. Female kestrels used areas containing a higher percentage of short vegetation (<0.25 m high) suitable for foraging than did males at both scales (100 m radius females 80%, males 69%; 10 m radius females 80%, males 73%). At both scales, females had more pasture (a high-quality foraging substrate) available than did males; areas within a 100 m radius of male perch sites contained more woodlot than did female perch sites. Logistic regression models indicated greater overlap between male and female habitat use on a 10 m radius scale than on a 100 m radius scale, suggesting that males may preferentially select smaller areas devoid of woody vegetation relative to what is available within 100 m radius of perch sites. Our results suggest that males may be constrained to winter in areas with lower overall foraging opportunities and possibly higher predation risk than areas used by females. Our work supports the hypothesis that males and female kestrels prefer open areas as wintering habitat.

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Wintering Habitat Use Pattern of Red-Crowned Cranes in the Korean Demilitarized Zone

Journal of Open Innovation Technology Market and Complexity ◽

10.3390/joitmc4040058 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 58 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sang-Don Lee

Keyword(s):

Land Cover ◽

Habitat Use ◽

Surface Area ◽

Rice Paddies ◽

Night Time ◽

Grus Japonensis ◽

Demilitarized Zone ◽

Random Expectation ◽

Wintering Habitat ◽

Use Pattern

The study was the first attempt to identify the habitat use pattern of red-crowned cranes (Grus japonensis) around the demilitarized zone (DMZ) by overlapping coordinates with the land cover classification (LCC). Daily habitat use pattern was highly different (P = 0.000) between daytime (06:00–18:00) and nighttime (18:00–06:00). Cranes in Cheolwon used agricultural paddies more frequently in the daytime (P = 0.002), and forest areas at night and this indicated that cranes presumably use rice paddies for feeding and forests for resting, respectively. Cranes night time in Paju used wetlands more often than random expectation based on the available wetland surface area (P = 0.017). This indicated a different habitat use pattern between coastal (Paju) and inland (Cheolwon) areas. Securing agricultural paddies is important for providing crucial areas for feeding, and forests should be important for rest during the night time in Cheolwon, which support crane populations during their wintering migration in Korea.

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Wintering habitat use by houbara bustard (Chlamydotis macqueenii) in steppes of Harat, central Iran

Journal of Arid Environments ◽

10.1016/j.jaridenv.2010.01.006 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 74 (8) ◽

pp. 912-917 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

S. Aghainajafi-Zadeh ◽

M.R. Hemami ◽

M. Karami ◽

P.M. Dolman

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Central Iran ◽

Wintering Habitat ◽

Houbara Bustard

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Wintering habitat use by houbara bustards Chlamydotis undulata in Abu Dhabi and implications for management

Biological Conservation ◽

10.1016/s0006-3207(96)00157-7 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 81 (1-2) ◽

pp. 51-56 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Patrick E. Osborne ◽

Frédéric Launay ◽

Derek Gliddon

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Abu Dhabi ◽

Wintering Habitat

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Habitat use during post-pre-breeding period in a Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia population

Rivista Italiana di Ornitologia ◽

10.4081/rio.2019.402 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 89 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Bruno Santucci ◽

Andrea Pulvirenti ◽

Samuele Ramellini ◽

Marinella Miglio

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Habitat Use ◽

Social Behaviour ◽

Bird Species ◽

Breeding Period ◽

Habitat Types ◽

Tree Sparrow ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Wintering Habitat ◽

Cereal Fields

Most studies focusing on Rock Sparrow populations concern their breeding biology. With this study, we aim to investigate the wintering habitat and social behaviour outside the breeding period. In the study area the species is present all year long, and, outside the breeding period, birds frequently gather together on flocks of different size (3-150 individuals), which are larger in the coldest months. The habitat types most used by the species were cereal fields with crops in their first stage of development (17.71% ± 4.72 Standard Deviation) and arable stubbles, both of them with bushes and trees on their boundaries (82.4%), which likely provide shelters from predators. The bird species most frequently associated with Rock Sparrow flocks were Tree Sparrow, Starling and Crested Lark. Holes in the roof tiles of the same abandoned buildings used for breeding were also used as night shelters. The average hours of leaving and returning to the shelters was strictly related to the photoperiod (rs = -0.9405; 0.8810).

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Population organisation in reef sharks: new variations in coastal habitat use by mobile marine predators

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps11545 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 544 ◽

pp. 197-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

A Chin ◽

MR Heupel ◽

CA Simpfendorfer ◽

AJ Tobin

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Coastal Habitat ◽

Marine Predators ◽

Reef Sharks

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Habitat use of toothed whales in a marine protected area based on point process models

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps12820 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 609 ◽

pp. 239-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

TL Silva ◽

G Fay ◽

TA Mooney ◽

J Robbins ◽

MT Weinrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Point Process ◽

Protected Area ◽

Marine Protected Area ◽

Process Models ◽

Point Process Models

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Modeling cetacean habitat use in an urban coastal area in southeastern Brazil

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps13313 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 642 ◽

pp. 227-240

Author(s):

L Lodi ◽

R Tardin ◽

G Maricato

Keyword(s):

Habitat Use ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Linear Models ◽

Anthropogenic Activities ◽

Buffer Zone ◽

Humpback Whales ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

Major Influence ◽

Cetacean Species ◽

Few Data

Most studies of cetacean habitat use do not consider the influence of anthropogenic activities. We investigated the influence of environmental and anthropogenic variables on habitat use by humpback Megaptera novaeangliae and Bryde’s whales Balaenoptera brydei off the coast of the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. Although there are 2 marine protected areas (MPAs) in this area, few data are available on cetacean habitat use or on the overlap of different cetacean species within these MPAs. Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the MPAs and propose a buffer zone to better protect the biodiversity of the study area. We conducted systematic surveys and developed spatial eigenvector generalized linear models to characterize habitat use by the species in the study area. Habitat use by humpback whales was influenced only by depth, whereas for Bryde’s whales there was the additional influence of anthropogenic variables. For Bryde’s whales, which use the area for feeding, sea surface temperature and the distance to anchorages had a major influence on habitat use. We also showed that neither of the MPAs in the study area adequately protects the hotspots of either whale species. Most of the humpback whale grid cells with high sighting predictions were located within 2 km of the MPAs, while areas of high sighting prediction of Bryde’s whales were located up to 5 km from the MPAs, closer to beaches. Our findings provide important insights for the delimitation of protected areas and zoning of the MPAs.

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