Are anti-ganglioside antibodies associated with proventricular dilatation disease in birds?

The identification of Parrot bornaviruses in psittacine birds with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) has not been sufficient to explain the pathogenesis of this fatal disease since not all infected birds develop clinical signs. One hypothesis suggests that PaBV could trigger the production of autoantibodies targeting neuronal gangliosides. These are major neuronal antigens, and PDD might therefore resemble Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in its pathogenesis. Experimental inoculation of pure gangliosides and brain-derived ganglioside extracts were used in two different immunization studies. A preliminary study on seven healthy chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) was performed using a group of four chickens inoculated with a brain ganglioside extract in Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) and a control group comprised by three chickens inoculated only with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). A second study with five healthy quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus) was comprised of three groups. Two quaker parrots received purified gangliosides in FCA, two received a crude brain extract in FCA, and one control quaker parrot received FCA alone. In the preliminary study, one chicken developed ataxia and weakness. None of the quaker parrots had any clinical signs that could resemble PDD or GBS. None of the chickens or quaker parrots presented any gross lesions. The chicken with clinical signs had a perivascular and perineural lymphocytic infiltrate in the proventriculus. Two of the quaker parrots (one from each treatment group) developed mild lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis and myelitis. Our results suggest that autoantibodies against gangliosides in birds are not associated with a condition resembling PDD.

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Are anti-ganglioside antibodies associated with proventricular dilatation disease in birds?

10.7287/peerj.preprints.2852 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jeann Leal de Araujo ◽

Ian Tizard ◽

Jianhua Guo ◽

J Jill Heatley ◽

Aline Rodrigues Hoffmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Brain Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Myiopsitta Monachus ◽

Ganglioside Antibodies ◽

Experimental Inoculation ◽

Gross Lesions ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Proventricular Dilatation Disease ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

The identification of Parrot bornaviruses in psittacine birds with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) has not been sufficient to explain the pathogenesis of this fatal disease since not all infected birds develop clinical signs. One hypothesis suggests that PaBV could trigger the production of autoantibodies targeting neuronal gangliosides. These are major neuronal antigens, and PDD might therefore resemble Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) in its pathogenesis. Experimental inoculation of pure gangliosides and brain-derived ganglioside extracts were used in two different immunization studies. A preliminary study on seven healthy chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) was performed using a group of four chickens inoculated with a brain ganglioside extract in Freund’s complete adjuvant (FCA) and a control group comprised by three chickens inoculated only with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). A second study with five healthy quaker parrots (Myiopsitta monachus) was comprised of three groups. Two quaker parrots received purified gangliosides in FCA, two received a crude brain extract in FCA, and one control quaker parrot received FCA alone. In the preliminary study, one chicken developed ataxia and weakness. None of the quaker parrots had any clinical signs that could resemble PDD or GBS. None of the chickens or quaker parrots presented any gross lesions. The chicken with clinical signs had a perivascular and perineural lymphocytic infiltrate in the proventriculus. Two of the quaker parrots (one from each treatment group) developed mild lymphoplasmacytic encephalitis and myelitis. Our results suggest that autoantibodies against gangliosides in birds are not associated with a condition resembling PDD.

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Outbreak of avian aspergillosis in colonial-bred chicks (Isa Brown) in southern Rio Grande do Sul - case report

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-11878 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 72 (4) ◽

pp. 1363-1368

Author(s):

R. Zamboni ◽

T.S. Alberti ◽

H.V. Scheid ◽

F.R. Venancio ◽

C.B. Brunner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Previous Treatment ◽

Lung Parenchyma ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Economic Losses ◽

Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Avian Aspergillosis ◽

Yellowish White

ABSTRACT In this study we describe the epidemiology, clinical signs, and pathology of an outbreak of avian aspergillosis in alternative breeding in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Between the fifth and tenth day of life, 360 chicks from a flock of 4000 developed unspecific clinical signs and died. The birds were housed in a reused aviary litter, without previous treatment. In 11 six-day-old female ISA Brown chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus), necropsy revealed firm, yellowish-white, multinodular lesions extending from the pleura to the lung parenchyma. Histologically, a granulomatous, multifocal to coalescent pneumonia was observed. Granulomas were characterized by central necrosis, with heterophil and epithelioid macrophage infiltration and presence of countless Y-shaped intralesional septate hyphae morphologically compatible with Aspergillus spp. The diagnosis through isolation confirmed Aspergillus fumigatus. We highlight the importance of aspergillosis as a primary cause of diseases in the respiratory tract of young birds in alternative breeding. Measures to prevent aspergillosis mainly regarding the reuse of aviary litter are essential in poultry husbandry to prevent economic losses, reduce environmental contamination and mitigate the potential risk to public health.

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Toxicity Effects of Toad (Rhinella jimiStevaux, 2002) Venom in Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/851473 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ivana Cristina Nunes Gadelha ◽

Joseney Maia de Lima ◽

Jael Soares Batista ◽

Marilia Martins Melo ◽

Benito Soto-Blanco

Keyword(s):

Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Gallus Gallus ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Meckel's Diverticulum ◽

Renal Tubules ◽

Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Vacuolar Degeneration ◽

Renal Tubular Epithelium

This study aimed to evaluate the pathological changes that occur after administering different doses ofR. jimi(Stevaux, 2002) parotoid glands secretion toGallus gallus domesticuschicks. Twenty-three animals were used in this study and were divided into 5 groups that received a toad venom dose of 0, 3.0 mg/kg, 6.0 mg/kg, 10.0 mg/kg, and 25.0 mg/kg. After 48 h, the necropsy and pathological examinations were performed. No clinical signs of toxicity were observed in any group. Macroscopically, hepatomegaly, areas of liver necrosis, splenomegaly, necrotic and hemorrhagic cardiac regions, hydropericardium, dark necrotic lesions of Meckel’s diverticulum, and hemorrhages in the lungs and kidneys were detected. Histopathological changes included diffuse vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, severe sinusoidal congestion, focal areas of hemorrhage in the parenchyma, swollen cardiac fibers, necrotic myocardial fibers, moderate to acute diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, vacuolar degeneration of the renal tubular epithelium, necrosis of renal tubules, and extensive hemorrhagic areas below the brain and cerebellar meninges. In conclusion, pathological changes of theR. jimitoxins in chicks were noted in the heart, spleen, liver, Meckel’s diverticulum, lungs, and kidneys. Most of the changes were similar to those observed in humans and animals exposed to toxins from other toad species.

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A new cestode Raillietina (Skrjabinia) doggaddaensis n. sp. from Gallus gallus domesticus (L.) from India

The Korean Journal of Parasitology ◽

10.3347/kjp.1984.22.1.96 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 96 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sandeep K. Malhotra ◽

V. N. Capoor

Keyword(s):

Gallus Gallus ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Gallus Gallus Domesticus

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Status of Diversity of Cestode Parasites of Domestic Fowl (Gallus Gallus Domesticus) from Nanded District, Maharashtra State

Indian Journal Of Applied Research ◽

10.15373/2249555x/oct2013/149 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 3 (10) ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Dhanraj Balbhim Bhure ◽

◽

Sanjay Shamrao Nanware ◽

Namrata V Sunnap

Keyword(s):

Domestic Fowl ◽

Gallus Gallus ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Gallus Gallus Domesticus

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Distribution of Melanin Pigmentation in 33 Organs of Thai Black-Bone Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10050777 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 777

Author(s):

Korakot Nganvongpanit ◽

Piyatida Kaewkumpai ◽

Varankpicha Kochagul ◽

Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽

Veerasak Punyapornwithaya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gallus Gallus ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Melanin Pigment ◽

Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Melanin Pigmentation ◽

Chicken Breed ◽

Brachial Vein ◽

The Brain ◽

Pigment Accumulation

The black-bone chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a breed of chicken that is commonly found in Thailand. This breed is known for having a number of black colored organs. Consumers have been notably attracted to the black-bone chicken breed for the characteristic darkness that is observed in many of its organs. However, the degree of darkness in all organs of the black-bone chicken is still in question. Importantly, there have not yet been any published reports on the distribution of melanin pigment in the organs of the black-bone chicken. This research study aims to examine the distribution of the melanin pigment in 33 organs of the Thai black-bone chicken. Ten black-bone chickens (five male, five female) were included in this study. Thirty-two organs including the brain, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, larynx, trachea, syrinx, lungs, heart, pericardium, aorta, brachial vein, kidney, cloaca, oviduct, testis, gastrocnemius muscle, femur, tongue, esophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, omentum, abdominal fat, spleen, and skin were examined in this study. Histological sections taken from tissue samples of each of these organs were studied. The findings revealed that the presence of the melanin pigment was not significantly different (p > 0.005) between male and female specimens. Notably, the liver was the only organ in which the melanin pigment had not accumulated. Consequently, there was not a uniform pattern of melanin pigment accumulation throughout the organs of the chickens. The melanin pigment was present in all of the tissue layers of most organs, while the melanin pigment was found in only specific layers of some of the organs. In conclusion, the distribution of melanin pigmentation in the organs of each of the animals in this study was found to be different. However, in some tissue samples, such as those obtained from the liver, no accumulation of the melanin pigment was observed.

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First Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolated from the Chicken Meat in Russia

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/iecge-07154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (1) ◽

pp. 2

Author(s):

Alexey V. Rakov ◽

Anatoly A. Yakovlev ◽

Viacheslav V. Sinkov

Keyword(s):

Genome Size ◽

Genome Sequence ◽

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Salmonella Enteritidis ◽

Reference Strain ◽

Draft Genome ◽

Noncoding Rnas ◽

Gallus Domesticus ◽

Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽

Zoonotic Pathogens

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis is one of the most common zoonotic pathogens. We report here the genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis S-25048 isolated from chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) meat in Artyom, Russia. The assembled genome size was 4,695,145 bp. A total of 4565 coding genes, four rRNAs, 62 tRNAs, and 14 noncoding RNAs were predicted. To our knowledge, this is the first publically deposited annotated genome of this serovar isolated in Russia. The Salmonella Enteritidis S-25048 genome is suitable for use as a reference strain of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated in Russia.

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