scholarly journals A transdisciplinary approach to the initial validation of a single cell protein as an alternative protein source for use in aquafeeds

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Tlusty ◽  
Andrew Rhyne ◽  
Joseph T. Szczebak ◽  
Bradford Bourque ◽  
Jennifer L. Bowen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Taste Preference ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Methylobacterium Extorquens ◽  
Transdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Alternative Protein

The human population is growing and, globally, we must meet the challenge of increased protein needs required to feed this population. Single cell proteins (SCP), when coupled to aquaculture production, offer a means to ensure future protein needs can be met without direct competition with food for people. To demonstrate a given type of SCP has potential as a protein source for use in aquaculture feed, a number of steps need to be validated including demonstrating that the SCP is accepted by the species in question, leads to equivalent survival and growth, does not result in illness or other maladies, is palatable to the consumer, is cost effective to produce and can easily be incorporated into diets using existing technology. Here we examine white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) growth and consumer taste preference, smallmouth grunt (Haemulon chrysargyreum) growth, survival, health and gut microbiota, and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) digestibility when fed diets that substitute the bacteriumMethylobacterium extorquensat a level of 30% (grunts), 100% (shrimp), or 55% (salmon) of the fishmeal in a compound feed.In each of these tests, animals performed equivalently when fed diets containingM. extorquensas when fed a standard aquaculture diet. This transdisciplinary approach is a first validation of this bacterium as a potential SCP protein substitute in aquafeeds. Given the ease to produce this SCP through an aerobic fermentation process, the broad applicability for use in aquaculture indicates the promise ofM. extorquensin leading toward greater food security in the future.

scholarly journals Potential of Bacillus cereus SN7 as a Single Cell Protein Source

2021 ◽  
Vol 2049 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
F Feliatra ◽  
M Mardalisa ◽  
P R Mukti ◽  
V A Feliatra ◽  
I Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Average Growth

Abstract Single-cell protein (SCP) is a protein source produced from single-cell organisms, one of which is bacteria. Bacillus cereus SN7 is a potential isolate from a group of heterotrophic bacteria that has been isolated from the mouth of the Siak River, Riau Province, Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the potential of B. cereus SN7 bacteria using different growth media. The method used is an experimental method using Bacillus cereus SN7 bacterial isolate with different protein sources (eggs and skim milk) at different concentrations (8%, 10%, and 12%). All of treatments used the same carbohydrate source, Sago with 3 replications in each treatment. Measurement of bacterial culture growth was carried out every 6 hours, 12 hours, 18 hours and 24 hours based on the total plate count (TPC) method and bacterial cell biomass. The result show that the most optimal growth potential for Bacillus cereus SN7 bacteria is sago media added with 12% egg white as a protein source. This data have the same results as growth in commercial culture media (control). The growth of Bacillus cereus SN7 isolates in each treatment medium had almost the same growth pattern at the beginning, which experienced an exponential phase at 6 to 12 hours of incubation time. Meanwhile, in milk sago media, the average growth was not very good because the exponential and stationary phases were shorter.

scholarly journals Older Consumers’ Readiness to Accept Alternative, More Sustainable Protein Sources in the European Union

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra C. Grasso ◽  
Yung Hung ◽  
Margreet R. Olthof ◽  
Wim Verbeke ◽  
Ingeborg A. Brouwer
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
In Vitro Meat ◽  
Increase Protein Intake

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a growing concern on account of an aging population and its negative health consequences. While dietary protein plays a key role in the prevention of PEM, it also plays a pivotal role in the environmental impact of the human diet. In search for sustainable dietary strategies to increase protein intake in older adults, this study investigated the readiness of older adults to accept the consumption of the following alternative, more sustainable protein sources: plant-based protein, insects, single-cell protein, and in vitro meat. Using ordinal logistic regression modeling, the associations of different food-related attitudes and behavior and sociodemographics with older adults’ acceptance to consume such protein sources were assessed. Results were obtained through a consumer survey among 1825 community-dwelling older adults aged 65 years or above in five EU countries (United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Poland, Spain, and Finland). Dairy-based protein was generally the most accepted protein source in food products (75% of the respondents found its consumption acceptable or very acceptable). Plant-based protein was the most accepted alternative, more sustainable protein source (58%) followed by single-cell protein (20%), insect-based protein (9%), and in vitro meat-based protein (6%). We found that food fussiness is a barrier to acceptance, whereas green eating behavior and higher educational attainment are facilitators to older adults’ acceptance to eat protein from alternative, more sustainable sources. Health, sensory appeal, and price as food choice motives, as well as gender and country of residence were found to influence acceptance, although not consistently across all the protein sources. Findings suggest that there is a window of opportunity to increase older adults’ acceptance of alternative, more sustainable protein sources and in turn increase protein intake in an environmentally sustainable way in EU older adults.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Bacterial Single-Cell Protein in Compound Diets for Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fry as an Alternative Protein Source

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1676
Author(s):  
Abbas Zamani ◽  
Maryam Khajavi ◽  
Masoumeh Haghbin Nazarpak ◽  
Enric Gisbert
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Fishmeal Replacement ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Alternative Protein

A 60-day trial was conducted in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry (initial weight = 2.5 ± 0.6 g) to evaluate the potential use of a bacterial single-cell protein (SCP) as an alternative protein source. Five experimental diets with different levels of fishmeal replacement (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%) and no amino acid supplementation were tested. At the end of the trial, we found that fry fed diets, replacing 25 and 50% of fishmeal with bacterial SCP, were 9.1 and 21.8% heavier, respectively, than those fed the control diet (p < 0.05), while Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) values were also lower in comparison to the reference group. These results were also supported by Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) and Lipid Efficiency Ratio (LER) values that improved in fish fed diets replacing 50% fishmeal by bacterial SCP. The inclusion of SCP enhanced Feed intake (FI) (p < 0.05), although FI was reduced at higher inclusion levels (>50%), which was associated to feed palatability. High levels of bacterial SCP (>50%) affected the muscular amino acid and fatty acid profiles, imbalances that were associated to their dietary content. The broken-line regression analysis using muscle DHA content and weight gain data showed that the maximum levels of fishmeal replacement by bacterial SCP were 46.9 and 52%, respectively.

Partial replacement of soybean meal with Methylobacterium extorquens single-cell protein in feeds for rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum)

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 2218-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald W Hardy ◽  
Biswamitra Patro ◽  
Catherine Pujol-Baxley ◽  
Christopher J Marx ◽  
Lawrence Feinberg
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Methylobacterium Extorquens ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss

scholarly journals Multiplexed single-cell proteomics using SCoPE2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra A Petelski ◽  
Edward Emmott ◽  
Andrew Leduc ◽  
R. Gray Huffman ◽  
Harrison Specht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Protein Analysis ◽  
Single Cell Protein ◽  
Protein Quantification ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Cost Effective Method

Many biological systems are composed of diverse single cells. This diversity necessitates functional and molecular single-cell analysis. Single-cell protein analysis has long relied on affinity reagents, but emerging mass-spectrometry methods (either label-free or multiplexed) have enabled quantifying over 1,000 proteins per cell while simultaneously increasing the specificity of protein quantification. Isobaric carrier based multiplexed single-cell proteomics is a scalable, reliable, and cost-effective method that can be fully automated and implemented on widely available equipment. It uses inexpensive reagents and is applicable to any sample that can be processed to a single-cell suspension. Here we describe an automated Single Cell ProtEomics (SCoPE2) workflow that allows analyzing about 200 single cells per 24 hours using only standard commercial equipment. We emphasize experimental steps and benchmarks required for achieving quantitative protein analysis.

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